EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF SOFTENING METHODS OF WATER FROM NATURAL SOURCES

The results of chemical analysis of natural waters from surface (river, water supply) and underground (well, well) sources are given. Water selection for analysis was carried out in a number of cities and villages of the Samara and Penza regions. The analysis was performed on the following indicators: total stiff ness, hydrogen index, calcium, magnesium, iron cations, chlorides, sulfates, hydrocarbonates, permanganate oxidability. The most common chemical indicator of water quality exceeding MPC was identifi ed. The negative impact of rigid water on the operation of boiler units and household needs is shown. Various methods of water softening are illuminated. The results of determination of water hardness before softening and after fi ltration through a layer of cationite and anionite are presented. Based on the obtained indicators, recommendations are given on the selection of softening methods for various types of boilers.

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THE CONCEPT, TYPES, TASKS AND THE NEED FOR THE USE OF URGENT INVESTMENT TOOLS OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT AT ENTERPRISES

International scientific journal Internauka Series Economical Sciences ◽

10.25313/2520-2294-2021-4-7178 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Oksana Yurynets ◽

Keyword(s):

Crisis Management ◽

Economic Condition ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Management Program ◽

Management Tools ◽

The Subject ◽

Effective Development ◽

Selection Of

Currently, many Ukrainian enterprises are in crisis. Getting out of this situation requires the use of various types of urgent crisis management tools, among which investment instruments play an important role. The purpose of this article is to form the theoretical basis for the use of urgent investment tools of crisis management at enterprises. It was found that the urgent investment tools of crisis management in the enterprise should be understood as ways of immediate (urgent) investment actions which are aimed at eliminating or reducing the negative impact of the crisis on the economic condition of the enterprise and ensuring its further effective development. These instruments are grouped according to the following characteristics: the environment in which the relevant instruments are formed and operate, the relation to the current owners of the enterprise, the effectiveness of implementation, the duration of the effect of implementing instruments, the urgency of their implementation, the areas of investment, the objectives of application, the duration of application, the types of financial and economic crises at the enterprise, the elimination (reduction) of the negative influence of which the corresponding tools are directed at, the subject of investment. It is established that the main tasks of using investment urgent tools of anti-crisis management at the enterprises are: selection of the best types of investment urgent tools of anti-crisis management; selection of the best variant of each type of urgent investment tools of crisis management; setting deadlines for the implementation of selected types and options for urgent tools of crisis management at the enterprise; determination of the optimal amount of total investments that should be invested in the implementation of the crisis management program at the enterprise, and the corresponding to this volume of the general list of investment urgent tools of such management; identifying the best sources of investment and establishing the best structure of investment in terms of these sources.

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Green libraries and green librarianship – Towards conceptualization

Journal of Librarianship and Information Science ◽

10.1177/0961000620980830 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 096100062098083

Author(s):

Małgorzata Fedorowicz-Kruszewska

Keyword(s):

Information Science ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Practical Implication ◽

Popular Science ◽

Library Science ◽

Science Literature ◽

Environmental Discourse ◽

Definition Of ◽

Selection Of

Since the beginning of the 1990s, libraries have been undertaking a number of activities aimed at minimizing their negative impact on the environment. Those that show such activity are called ‘green libraries’. This term appears in scientific, professional and popular science literature, but its definitions are vague and ambiguous. A preliminary analysis of the content of publications dealing with the issue of green libraries shows a modest representation of theoretical and synthetic texts. This article aims to fill this gap. It has three goals: (1) clarification of the term ‘green library’, (2) conceptualization of the term ‘green librarianship’ and (3) determination of ‘green librarianship’ areas. To achieve them, first, an analysis of the environmental discourse on green libraries and green librarianship in library science literature was performed to abstract green library indicators. Then, these indicators were verified. The selection of the sample for research was deliberate. The materials were collected using the Library, Information Science & Technology Abstract (LISTA) bibliographic and abstract database. As a result, the number of green library indicators has been extended, which has made it possible to clarify the definition of this term. The definition of ‘green librarianship’ was then formulated, and the areas of green librarianship were indicated. Conceptualization of the terms ‘green library’ and ‘green librarianship’ constitutes the value of this article. The practical implication of the study is the expansion of the number of green library indicators. These indicators can be used to develop a codebook for the content analysis of documents in the discussed area. This article may also contribute to the development of methods for the evaluation of activities and development of green libraries.

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Systematic procedure for the determination of the nature of the solutes prior to the selection of the mobile phase parameters for optimization of reversed-phase ion-pair chromatographic separations

Journal of Chromatography A ◽

10.1016/s0021-9673(01)84371-5 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 478 (1) ◽

pp. 21-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G Low

Keyword(s):

Mobile Phase ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Ion Pair ◽

Chromatographic Separations ◽

Systematic Procedure ◽

Selection Of

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DETERMINING THE DESALINATION UNIT COMPOSITION FOR COSTAL AREAS AND SMALL ISLANDS USE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jrl.v9i1.1986 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Imam Setiadi ◽

Dinda Rita K. Hartaja

Keyword(s):

Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Pairwise Comparison ◽

Small Islands ◽

Ahp Method ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

Comparison Research ◽

Hierarchy Process ◽

Selection Of

Selection of the appropriate composition desalination units can be done with a variety of method approaches, one of the method is the Analytic Hierarchy Process. In determining the desalination unit with AHP method to consider is setting a goal, an alternative criteria and pairwise comparison. Research for the determination of the exact composition of the desalination unit in order to achieve sustainable drinking water suppy in coastal areas and small islands has been conducted. The results of the study are as follows, the energy demand of 50.83%, operator costs of 26.64%, maintenance costs of 14.13% and chemical requirement 8.4%. For an alternative composition desalination unit of RO 10 m3 / day is the best alternative composition with value of 59.61%, the composition of the next alternative is RO 20 m3/ day of 30.40% and the last alternative of the desalination unit composition is RO 120 m3/ day of 09.99%.Key words : Desalination, Mukti Stage Flash Composition, AHP

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DEFINITION OF TIME SPENT ON REPAIR OF BUS TRANSMISSION UNITS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY

Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university ◽

10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-28-33 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (9) ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Sergey Bulatov

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Probabilistic Method ◽

Technological Equipment ◽

Quality And Safety ◽

Transmission Unit ◽

Equipment Reliability ◽

Hours Of Work ◽

Definition Of ◽

Time Decrease

The paper purpose is the effectiveness estimation in the technological equipment use, taking into account its reliability and productivity for defective transmission units of buses. The problem consists in the determination of time to be spent on repair of bus transmission units taking into account technological equipment reliability. In the paper there is used a probabilistic method for the prediction bus transmission units, and also a method of the dynamics of averages which allow ensuring minimum of costs for units downtime during repair and equipment cost. The need for repair of transmission units (gear box) arises on an average after 650 hours, the average productivity of the bench makes 4.2 bus / hour. The bench fails on the average after 4600 hours of work, the average time of the bench makes 2 hours. In such a way the solution of the problem specified allows analyzing the necessity of time decrease for transmission unit repair to avoid long downtimes of buses in repair areas without negative impact upon high repair quality and safety during the further operation.

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