scholarly journals DID NINETEENTH CENTURY MARINE VERTEBRATE FOSSIL DISCOVERIES INFLUENCE SEA SERPENT REPORTS?

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. M. PAXTON ◽  
D. NAISH
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Sea Serpent ◽  
Marine Reptile

ABSTRACT Here we test the hypothesis, first suggested by L. Sprague De Camp in 1968, that “After Mesozoic reptiles became well-known, reports of sea serpents, which until then had tended towards the serpentine, began to describe the monster as more and more resembling a Mesozoic marine reptile like a plesiosaur or a mosasaur.” This statement generates a number of testable specific hypotheses, namely: 1) there was a decline in reports where the body was described as serpent or eel-like; 2) there was an increase in reports with necks (a feature of plesiosaurs) or reports that mentioned plesiosaurs; and 3) there was an increase in mosasaur-like reports. Over the last 200 years, there is indeed evidence of a decline in serpentiform sea serpent reports and an increase in the proportion of reports with necks but there is no evidence for an increase in the proportion of mosasaur-like reports. However, witnesses only began to unequivocally compare sea serpents to prehistoric reptiles in the late nineteenth century, some fifty years after the suggestion was first made by naturalists.

scholarly journals Encounters with Sexuality: The Management of Inappropriate Body Behaviour and Body Talk in Late Nineteenth-Century British Columbia Schools

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Barman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Body Talk

Of all the issues that students, parents, teachers, and schools encounter, few are as difficult to manage as sexuality. We persist in believing that the body does not belong in the classroom except as an object of study or improvement. Inappropriate body behaviour and body talk with a sexual edge intimidates us, so much so that accounts tend to be oblique or non-existent. Their scarcity makes particularly valuable a set of records that survive from British Columbia in the late nineteenth century. Even though public education was then becoming centralized, a general unwillingness to face up to issues of sexuality caused almost all of the thirty allegations that were located in the superintendent of education’s correspondence to be resolved at the local level. The most frequent tactic used was parental boycott of the school. The allegations are divided between those against teachers and those against students. Regardless of who was implicated, the teacher was almost always caught in the middle and ended up resigning.

scholarly journals Encounters with Sexuality: The Management of Inappropriate Body Behaviour in Late-Nineteenth-Century British Columbia Schools

2004 ◽  
pp. 85-114
Author(s):  
Jean Barman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Almost All

Of all the issues that students, parents, teachers, and schools encounter, few are so difficult to manage as sexuality. We persist in believing that the body does not belong in the classroom except as an object of study or improvement. Inappropriate body behaviour with a sexual edge intimidates us, so much so that accounts tend to be oblique or non-existent. Their scarcity makes particularly valuable a set of records that survive from British Columbia in the late nineteenth century. Even though public education was becoming centralized, a general unwillingness to face up to issues of sexuality caused almost all of the thirty allegations that were located in the Superintendent of Education’s correspondence to be resolved at the local level. The most frequent tactic was parental boycott of the school. The allegations divide between those against teachers and those against students. Regardless of who was implicated, the teacher was almost always caught in the middle and ended up resigning.

What Kitty Knew

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-403
Author(s):  
ANN HEILMANN ◽  
MARK LLEWELLYN
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Victorian Literature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Reading Matter ◽  
George Moore ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Victorian Literature And Culture ◽  
Late Victorian Literature

Framed by sensational Ripper stories that turned fact into �ction and lurid murder into gripping reading matter, the extraordinary popularity of Robert Louis Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886), George du Maurier's Trilby (1894), and Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897) clearly indicate that the �n de si�cle was a time enthralled by the concept of split selves and sadistic impulses, of insidious male desires metaphorically and literally inscribed on the body of unconscious, hysterical, or hypnotized women. With his John Norton narratives of the late 1880s to mid 1890s, George Moore made a signi�cant contribution to this important cultural preoccupation in late-Victorian literature and culture. In this essay we trace the development of the theme in Moore's A Mere Accident (1887), Mike Fletcher (1889), and "John Norton" (which appeared in his collection Celibates, 1895). We read Moore's stories in the context of the emerging discourses of psychoanalysis and its reliance upon and relation to earlier work on the theories of the "double brain" and "multiplex personality". We also draw on works of late-nineteenth-century sexology-Havelock Ellis's Studies in the Psychology of Sex (1897-1910) and Richard von Krafft-Ebing's Psychopathia Sexualis (�rst published in German, 1886)-in order to explore the psycho-sexual nature of the malaise that af�icts the Norton character and highlight his ambivalent role in the "accident" that befalls the vicar's daughter, Kitty Hare. In addition, we pay close attention to the proto-Freudian language of dreams that haunt Kitty in the aftermath of her assault, arguing that in his "John Norton" narratives Moore engaged with the evolving concept of trauma. These stories, we argue, re�ect an important and hitherto neglected aspect of late-Victorian narrative explorations of hysteria and sexual pathology.

Yi Chema and the Psychosocial Body in Late Nineteenth Century Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-92
Author(s):  
Kiebok Yi
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
East Asian Medicine ◽  
Asian Medicine ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Conventional understandings of Chinese medicine, and by extension East Asian medicine, are that historical and contemporary discourses on the medical body have essentially revolved around a unitary body perception—the cosmological body as demonstrated by the use of concepts such as qi, yinyang, and the Five Phases. Notably, in this body conception, the material, spiritual and emotional dimensions are not separable from each other but are rather interconnected by means of allpervasive qi that resonates in the universe. However, East Asian medicine has in fact provided a far more diverse and dynamic landscape of conceptualizations of the body than has previously been assumed. Addressing this relatively ignored topography, this paper investigates medical thought about body structure that was proposed and practiced by Yi Chema 李濟馬 (1837-1900), a physician and Confucian in late nineteenth century Chosŏn 朝鮮 Korea. Rather than considering cosmological factors, he brought into play human affairs and agency in his discussion of the medical body. In the framework of his medical system, later referred to as Sasang 四象 (fourfold imaging) medicine, psychosocial characteristics—such as affective temperaments, cognitive traits, and behavioral dispositions—are inherently interwoven with the configuration of the viscera and body parts. Importantly, the physiological processes of this psychosocial body are not so much maintained by cosmologically resonating qi flowing throughout the body, but rather, they are activated by the human agent’s psychosocial drive to engage with the world. Yi Chema, through his conceptualization of the psychosocial body, envisaged an ideal world in which the qualities and differences of people should be acknowledged to the fullest extent. Thus he rejected hierarchical socio-cultural orderings of human beings in favor of a respect of heterogeneity. Yi Chema’s effort to promote the psychosocial body can be understood against the backdrop of late nineteenth century East Asia, where the mechanistic body of what was then seen as modern medicine was encroaching upon the cosmological body.

Nourishing

2019 ◽  
pp. 233-263
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Rotter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Senses

This chapter argues that taste is in many respects the most malleable of all the senses. Food plays an important part in shaping new encounters of empire. Along with smell, taste is an intimate sense, one drawn deep into the body by its presence in the mouth and through the nose. It profoundly affected the perceptions of the Others encountered by Britons and Americans. Metaphors of empire were haptic, as the previous chapter argues, but many were also gustatory. This chapter looks at the tastes in Britain and the United States in the late nineteenth century and how they relate to empire in India and the Philippines.

The People versus Zephyr Davis: Law and Popular Justice in Late Nineteenth-Century Chicago

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Dale
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
African American ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The People ◽  
Popular Justice ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Shortly after 3 P.M. on February 27, 1888, Eddie Dwyer, one of the young employees at Greene's Boot Heel Factory in Chicago, began to clear empty sacks out of a closet in the rear of the factory so that coal could be loaded into the room. After pulling out roughly five sacks, Eddie called out that there seemed to be something else in the closet. Investigation established that the something else was the body of another employee, fourteen-year-old Maggie Gaughan, who had been missing all day and apparently had been hacked to death with the hatchet found beneath her body. Suspicion quickly centered on the factory foreman, a seventeen-year-old African American named Zephyr Davis, who was away from the factory on an errand at the time the body was discovered. That suspicion became certainty when Davis did not return from the errand, driven away, as he later admitted, by the crowds he saw gathered outside of Greene's when he returned.

scholarly journals GEORGE HENRY FOX'S Photographic illustrations of skin diseases and the clinical photograph in late nineteenth-century America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. A. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Clinical Photograph ◽  
The Aesthetic

George Henry Fox was a New York physician and author in the late nineteenth century. His interest in collecting photographs of notable dermatological cases led to the publication of several photographically illustrated dermatology texts between 1879 and the early twentieth century. This thesis focuses on the fIrst and second editions of Fox's Photographic Illustrations of Skin Diseases, published in 1879 and 1885, respectively. The hand-coloured Artotype plates from these two editions are analyzed and contrasted in terms of the influence of studio portraiture, issues of patient anonymity and consent, and the aesthetic changes between editions. The power relationships and scientifIc classifIcation involved in depicting the body on ftlm are also considered. The books are on textualized with discussions of nineteenth-century American medical history, the use of clinical photographs as illustrations, photomechanical processes, late nineteenth-century dermatology texts, and Fox's biography.

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