scholarly journals Changes In Distribution And Structure Of Wild Origanum Vulgare L. Populations During The Last Decade In Armenia And Implications For Conservation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Armine Abrahamyan
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

Armenia has a strong interest in examining the biodiversity of native plant species and assessing their conservation status. Anthropogenic threats to this biodiversity such as overpopulation, deforestation and urbanization have simultaneously hindered research and increased the need for it. Only limited information on the genetic biodiversity, population location, structure and size, and conservation status of most of these species is, however, at this time available. During 2006-2009, field studies were conducted to re-locate populations of wild Melissa officinalis L. on the basis of historical (i.e. herbarium voucher) records, and to discover new populations. The growth, phenological and habitat characteristics of the plant, and overall populations size were assessed. GPS map of present and past population distribution were created. This research provided baseline data that can be used for the development of further ex situ and in vitro strategies to conserve unique genotypes, as well as to assess the sustainability of wild populations with regard to the IUCN Red Book Criteria, of this important medicinal and culinary species in Armenia.

scholarly journals Estimations In Distribution And Growing Characteristics Of Wild Hypericum Perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) Populations During The Last Decade In Armenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Armine Abrahamyan
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
The South ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum L

The small mountainous country of Armenia has a rich flora of ca. 3600 species of vascular plants, which makes about half of entire Caucasian flora, distributed across desert and semi-desert, steppe, forest and alpine landscape. Anthropogenic threats to this biodiversity such as overpopulation, deforestation and urbanization have simultaneously hindered research and increased the need for it. Of the ca. 500 species in the Armenian flora with a record of medicinal and/or economic use, ca. 50 species are used in the folk medicine and include both wild-collected (Crataegus sp., Hypericum perforatum, Artemisia absinthium) and cultivated (Chamomilla recutita, Mentha piperita, Crocus sativus) species (1). Only limited information on the genetic biodiversity, population location, structure and size, and conservation status of most of these species is, however, at this time available. During 2007-2009, field studies were conducted to re-locate populations of wild Hypericum perforatum L. (common St. Johnswort, Hypericaceae) on the basis of historical (i.e. herbarium voucher, (2)) records, and to discover new populations. The plants habitat and phenological characteristics were estimated growing in different populations. GPS map of population distribution was created and its overall sizes were assessed. According to historical records this species had been widely distributed in the south regions of Armenia, however almost half of the populations no longer existed in the cited locations. However, 2 new populations were loacated in the south east regions. Evidence that the abundance and distributional range of H. perforatum is expanding in the north region was collected. This research provided baseline data that can be used for the development of further ex situ and in vitro strategies to conserve unique genotypes of this important medicinal and culinary species in Armenia.

Seed Ageing and Smoke: Partner Cuesin the Amelioration of Seed Dormancyin Selected Australian Native Species

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shauna Roche ◽  
Kingsley W. Dixon ◽  
John S. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Soil Storage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Seed Ageing ◽  
Australian Native Plant ◽  
High Concentrations

Seed germination of many Australian native plant species has consistently proven to be fractious. With the discovery of smoke-mediated germination, it is now possible to better understand the heterogeneity in germination patterns for a wide range of species both in situ and ex situ. In the present study, over 180 species were examined as to viability and smoke responsiveness of freshly collected seed. Soil storage and a number of commonly used seed pre-treatments were employed in combination with smoke to examine both longevity in artificially constructed seed banks, and the role of seed ageing in improved germination. Methods of smoke application for commercial use were also investigated. Viability decline over 1 year varied between 10% and 80%. Reductions of as little as 15% were found to compromise the ability of a number of species to successfully recruit in consecutive seasons. When fresh seed was used,almost 70% of species tested responded positively to smoke whether applied prior to or after sowing. Variation in success between the two methods confirmed earlier conclusions that substances contained in plant-derived smoke may be inhibitory at high concentrations for particularly sensitive species. Only 10% of species under investigation recorded optimum germination with seed ageing alone but when smoke was applied as a treatment after soil storage, 60% of species responded positively. Implications for horticulture, rehabilitation, seed bank research and habitat management are discussed.

scholarly journals Botanical Exploration and Conservation in Pasir Banteng and Pasir Pogor, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-502
Author(s):  
Imawan Wahyu Hidayat ◽  
Fitri Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Botanical Exploration

Cibodas Botanic Gardens (CBG) shall keep performing botanical exploration and ex situ conservation as part of the effort to rescue tropical montane rainforest plants, which tend to decrease in their natural habitat. Pasir Banteng and Pasir Pogor, Mount Gede Pangrango, were selected due to the potential threat and limited information on plants collected from these sites. The objectives of this study were to collect valuable plants, which have a conservation value and explore their potential usefulness. The study has begun by establishing a list of collectible plants. Then, the field activities were conducted by a plant collection explorative method along the hiking route, from 750 to 1,500 m asl, low-mid mountain as height as CBG, with no specific sampling point (found and collected). These plants have field treatment, were delivered to CBG, and would later be maintained in the garden. The study has obtained 31 species collected from Pasir Banteng and 20 species from Pasir Pogor. There were 35 families, with Orchidaceae being the most collectible. Some crucial findings were nine species included as least concern (LC) and a species as endangered (EN), based on their conservation status. At least six new species were identified as the garden enrichment of the CBG. In addition, at least fifteen species have potential utilization as construction materials, 29 species as ornamental plants, twelve species as medicinal plants, and some plants possessing multi-utilization. The results were significant in adding the collection’s richness and enhancing the conservation value of the plants conserved by CBG. It was also contributed to describing the plant species information of these sites. Keywords: botanical exploration, ex-situ, Pasir Banteng, Pasir Pogor, plant conservation

scholarly journals The conservation status of West Indian palms (Arecaceae)

Oryx ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Zona ◽  
Raúl Verdecia ◽  
Angela Leiva Sánchez ◽  
Carl E. Lewis ◽  
Mike Maunder
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
Data Deficient

AbstractThe conservation status of 134 species, subspecies and varieties of West Indian palms (Arecaceae) is assessed and reviewed, based on field studies and current literature. We find that 90% of the palm taxa of the West Indies are endemic. Using the IUCN Red List categories one species is categorized as Extinct, 11 taxa as Critically Endangered, 19 as Endangered, and 21 as Vulnerable. Fifty-seven taxa are classified as Least Concern. Twenty-five taxa are Data Deficient, an indication that additional field studies are urgently needed. The 11 Critically Endangered taxa warrant immediate conservation action; some are currently the subject of ex situ and in situ conservation projects in the region’s botanical gardens. We recommend that preliminary conservation assessments be made of the 25 Data Deficient taxa so that conservation measures can be implemented for those facing imminent threats.

scholarly journals Efficient Micropropagation Protocol for the Conservation of the Endangered Aloe peglerae, an Ornamental and Medicinal Species

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Nontobeko A. Hlatshwayo ◽  
Stephen O. Amoo ◽  
Joshua O. Olowoyo ◽  
Karel Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Aromatic Cytokinin ◽  
African Plants ◽  
Over Exploitation

A number of Aloe species are facing an extremely high risk of extinction due to habitat loss and over-exploitation for medicinal and ornamental trade. The last global assessment of Aloe peglerae Schönland (in 2003) ranked its global conservation status as ‘endangered’ with a decreasing population trend. In the National Red List of South African Plants, the extremely rapid decline of this species has resulted in its conservation status being elevated from ‘endangered’ to ‘critically endangered’ based on recent or new field information. This dramatic decline necessitates the development of a simple, rapid and efficient micropropagation protocol as a conservation measure. An in vitro propagation protocol was therefore established with the regeneration of 12 shoots per shoot-tip explant within 8 weeks using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.5 µM meta-topolin riboside (an aromatic cytokinin). The rooting of the shoots with a 100% frequency on half-strength MS medium without any plant growth resulted in additional six shoots produced per cultured shoot. The resultant plantlets were successfully acclimatized with a 100% survival frequency after 6 weeks. Overall, the developed protocol can result in the production of 3906 transplantable shoots that are ready for rooting per annum from a single shoot-tip explant. It is simple and efficient for seedling production in the ex situ cultivation and conservation of the endangered A. peglerae.

scholarly journals Conservation assessment and action on Lotus sanguineus (Fabaceae), a critically endangered endemic species to Turkey

Hacquetia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Ümit Subaşı ◽  
Fatoş Şekerciler ◽  
Mecit Vural
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Area Of Occupancy

AbstractLotus sanguineus is one of the endemic taxa from Mediterranean Region of Turkey. It has hitherto been known from type locality and was assessed under VU and EN categories despite the lack of information on the population size, number of location and habitat quality. This study aims to determine the global conservation status and conservation strategies of the narrow endemic species. We collected all available data and evaluated them with the field studies. We reported the sizes of populations, altitude, coordinates, habitat types and the threats it faces for each locality. GeoCAT analyses at global levels indicate the extent of occurrence 19.965 km2 and area of occupancy 9 km2 and there could be an inferred decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation of the original population, suggesting this species might be classified as Critically Endangered, based on criterium B1ab (i, ii, iii) + 2ab (i, ii, iii) in the Red List categorization. Conservation priorities include life history and ecology studies, in-situ conservation, population monitoring and ex-situ conservation to prevent the destruction of the existing gene pool.

scholarly journals Thirty-nine newly documented plant species of Great Nicobar, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 15936-15944
Author(s):  
Kanakasabhapathi Pradheep ◽  
Kattukkunnel Joseph John ◽  
Iyyappan Jaisankar ◽  
Sudhir Pal Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
Nicobar Islands ◽  
Native Plant Diversity

A constituent of the Sundaland Biodiversity Hotspot, Great Nicobar in the Nicobar group of islands, India, is known for rich floristic diversity.  As this geographically distinct and southernmost island of India has not been surveyed for plant genetic resources, three survey-cum-exploration trips were undertaken during 2017–2019 to make an inventory of the taxa of importance for food and agriculture, besides their collection for ex situ conservation.  These surveys revealed the new distribution of 39 taxa (belonging to 37 genera, 24 families) in this island, including 14 new to the Nicobar group of islands and one to Andaman & Nicobar Islands.  Among the 39 taxa, 16 have the importance of being wild relatives of 15 crop species.  Fourteen species are classified as naturalized ones (including four globally recognized invasive species); some of them pose potential threat to the ecosystem of this fragile island.  Detailed field studies in this remote island will help in better understanding of phytogeography in general and impact of alien species on native plant diversity in particular.

Acclimation-induced changes in cell membrane composition and influence on cryotolerance of in vitro shoots of native plant species

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryn Funnekotter ◽  
Anja Kaczmarczyk ◽  
Shane R. Turner ◽  
Eric Bunn ◽  
Wenxu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Population Divergence of Melipona scutellaris (Hymenoptera: Meliponina) in Two Restricted Areas in Bahia, Brazil

Sociobiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristovam Alves Lima Júnior ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Lopes Carvalho ◽  
Lorena Andrade Nunes ◽  
Tiago Maurício Francoy
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
The Right

Melipona scutellaris Latreille has great economic and ecological importance, especially because it is a pollinator of native plant species. Despite the importance of this species, there is little information about the conservation status of their populations. The objective of this study was to assess the diversity in populations of M. scutellaris coming from a Semideciduous Forest Fragment and an Atlantic Forest Fragment in the Northeast Brazil, through geometric morphometric analysis of wings in worker bees. In each area, worker bees were collected from 10 colonies, 10 workers per colony. To assess the diversity on the right wings of worker bees, 15 landmarks were plotted and the measures were used in analysis of variance and multivariate analysis, principal component analysis, discriminant analysis and clustering analysis. There were significant differences in the shape of the wing venation patterns between colonies of two sites (Wilk’s λ = 0.000006; p < 0.000001), which is probably due to the geographical distance between places of origin which impedes the gene flow between them. It indicates that inter and intrapopulation morphometric variability exists (p <0.000001) in M. scutellaris coming from two different biomes, revealing the existence of diversity in these populations, which is necessary for the conservation of this bee species. 

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