Effectiveness of Biology-Based Methods for Inhibiting Orthodontic Tooth Movement. A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Cadenas de Llano-Pérula ◽  
RM Yañez-Vico ◽  
E Solano-Reina ◽  
JC Palma-Fernandez ◽  
A Iglesias-Linares
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Laser

Introduction: Several experimental studies in the literature have tested different biology-based methods for inhibiting or decreasing orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in humans. This systematic review investigated the effects of these interventions on the rate of tooth movement. Study design: Electronic [MedLine; SCOPUS; Cochrane Library; OpenGrey;Web of Science] and manual searches were conducted up to January 26th, 2016 in order to identify publications of clinical trials that compared the decreasing or inhibiting effects of different biology-based methods over OTM in humans. A primary outcome (rate of OTM deceleration/inhibition) and a number of secondary outcomes were examined (clinical applicability, orthodontic force used, possible side effects). Two reviewers selected the studies complying with the eligibility criteria (PICO format) and assessed risk of bias [Cochrane Collaboration's tool]. Data collection and analysis were performed following the Cochrane recommendations. Results: From the initial electronic search, 3726 articles were retrieved and 5 studies were finally included. Two types of biology-based techniques used to reduce the rate of OTM in humans were described: pharmacological and low-level laser therapy. In the first group, human Relaxin was compared to a placebo and administered orally. It was described as having no effect on the inhibition of OTM in humans after 32 days, while the drug tenoxicam, injected locally, inhibited the rate of OTM by up to 10% in humans after 42 days. In the second group, no statistically significant differences were reported, compared to placebo, for the rate of inhibition of OTM in humans after 90 days of observation when a 860 nm continuous wave GaAlA slow-level laser was used. Conclusions: The currently available data do not allow us to draw definitive conclusions about the use of various pharmacological substances and biology-based therapies in humans able to inhibit or decrease the OTM rate. There is an urgent need for more sound well-designed randomized clinical trials in the field.

scholarly journals Effects of low-level laser therapy on the orthodontic mini-implants stability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina de Figueiredo Costa ◽  
Thays Allane Cordeiro Maia ◽  
Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva ◽  
Lucas Guimarães Abreu ◽  
Delane Viana Gondim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Level Laser

Abstract Objectives The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the orthodontic mini-implants (OMI) stability. Materials and methods An unrestricted electronic database search in PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov and a hand search were performed up to December 2020. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or non-randomized clinical trials (Non-RCTs) that assessed the effects of LLLT on the OMI stability were included. Data regarding the general information, LLLT characteristics, and outcomes were extracted. The authors performed risk of bias assessment with Cochrane Collaboration’s or ROBINS-I tool. Meta-analysis was also conducted. Results Five RCTs and one Non-RCT were included and 108 patients were evaluated. The LLLT characteristics presented different wavelength, power, energy density, irradiation time, and protocol duration. Five RCTs had a low risk of selection bias. Two RCTs had a low risk of performance and detection bias. All RCTs had a low risk of attrition bias, reporting bias and other bias. The Non-RCT presented a low risk of bias for all criteria, except for the bias in selection of participants. The meta-analysis revealed that LLLT significantly increased the OMI stability (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.67) and the highest clinical benefit was showed after 1 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.75), 2 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.21), and 3 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.51) months of OMI placement. Conclusions LLLT shows positive effects on the OMI stability.

scholarly journals The Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Acceleration of Orthodontic Tooth Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Baghizadeh Fini ◽  
Pooya Olyaee ◽  
Ahmadreza Homayouni
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Significant Difference

In clinical practice, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is widely used. The main aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness of LLLT in accelerating tooth movement in human subjects. The PRISMA checklist was utilized as a guideline to carry out this systematic review. The electronic databases were searched from Google Scholar (2014-2018) and PubMed, and comprehensive research on this topic was also manually conducted. Therefore, 77 articles randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were selected. After screening studies, consequently, eleven trials met the inclusion criteria. Eight out of 11 studies showed LLLT has a significant impact on the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement, and there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of tooth movement between the laser group and the control group in the two remaining studies. Furthermore, five out of 11 articles showed that LLLT has no adverse effects. Although we have some degree of understanding from a cellular point of view to LLLT effects, we still do not know whether these cellular level changes have any effect on the clinical acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement. The results are inconclusive and cannot be generalized to the public community; therefore, well-structured studies are required.

scholarly journals Anti-hypertensive drugs deprescribing: an updated systematic review of clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Crisafulli ◽  
Nicoletta Luxi ◽  
Raffaele Coppini ◽  
Annalisa Capuano ◽  
Cristina Scavone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Grade Approach

Abstract Background Polypharmacy is defined as the prescription of at least 5 different medicines for therapeutic or prophylactic effect and is a serious issue among elderly patients, who are frequently affected by multi-morbidity. Deprescribing is one of the proposed approaches to reduce the number of administered drugs, by eliminating those that are inappropriately prescribed. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an updated and systematic assessment of the benefit-risk profile of deprescribing of anti-hypertensive drugs, which are among the most commonly used drugs. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library were searched for studies assessing the efficacy and safety of anti-hypertensive drugs deprescribing in the period between January, 12,016 and December, 312,019. The quality of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was assessed using the GRADE approach for the evaluation of the main outcomes. The risk of bias assessment was carried out using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results Overall, two RCTs were identified. Despite summarized evidence was in favor of anti-hypertensive deprescribing, the overall risk of bias was rated as high for each RCT included. According to the GRADE approach, the overall quality of the RCTs included was moderate regarding the following outcomes: systolic blood pressure < 150 mmHg after 12 weeks of follow-up, quality of life, frailty and cardiovascular risk. Conclusions This updated systematic review of the efficacy and safety of anti-hypertensive treatment deprescribing found two recently published RCTs, in addition to the previous guideline of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Evidence points towards non-inferiority of anti-hypertensive deprescribing as compared to treatment continuation, despite the quality of published studies is not high. High quality experimental studies are urgently needed to further assess the effect of deprescribing for this drug class in specific categories of patients.

scholarly journals The effect of the local administration of biological substances on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of human studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Abu Arqub ◽  
Vaibhav Gandhi ◽  
Marissa G. Iverson ◽  
Maram Ahmed ◽  
Chia-Ling Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Link Type

Abstract Background The influence of different biological agents on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) has been extensively reviewed in animal studies with conflicting results. These findings cannot be extrapolated from animals to humans. Therefore, we aimed to systematically investigate the most up-to-date available evidence of human studies regarding the effect of the administration of different biological substances on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 databases were searched until the 16th of June 2020 without restrictions. Controlled randomized and non-randomized human clinical studies assessing the effect of biological substances on the rate of OTM were included. ROBINS-I and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tools were used. Reporting of this review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results A total of 11 studies (6 randomized clinical trials and 5 prospective clinical trials) were identified for inclusion. Local injections of prostaglandin E1 and vitamin C exerted a positive influence on the rate of OTM; vitamin D showed variable effects. The use of platelet-rich plasma and its derivatives showed inconsistent results, while the local use of human relaxin hormone showed no significant effects on the rate of OTM. Limitations The limited and variable observation periods after the administration of the biological substances, the high and medium risk of bias assessment for some included studies, the variable concentrations of the assessed biological agents, the different experimental designs and teeth evaluated, and the variety of measurement tools have hampered the quantitative assessment of the results as originally planned. Conclusions and implications Despite the methodological limitations of the included studies, this systematic review provides an important overview of the effects of a variety of biological agents on the rate of tooth movement and elucidates the deficiencies in the clinical studies that have been conducted so far to evaluate the effectiveness of these agents in humans, providing some guidelines for future robust research. Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD42020168481, www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero)

scholarly journals Low-level Laser Therapy in the Acceleration of Fixed Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Guo ◽  
Lijuan Zhou ◽  
Chong Feng ◽  
Xiao Chang ◽  
Kaifang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Orthodontic treatment is a long-term therapy with time-related adverse effects. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used in the clinic as an intervention to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and prevent adverse effects. Previous systematic reviews have evaluated the effectiveness of LLLT in the acceleration of OTM. However, it remains unclear which treatment parameters are appropriate for LLLT. This review will evaluate the efficacy of LLLT on the acceleration of fixed OTM and the prevention of adverse effects.Methods: Several electronic databases will be searched. Grey literature also will be retrieved. Parallel or clustered randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of different LLLTs on the acceleration of fixed OTM will be included. Two researchers will independently screen all titles, abstracts, and full-text articles retrieval, as well as data extraction. The risk bias of each study will be appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0). The primary outcome will be the efficacy of LLLT on the acceleration of fixed OTM (e.g., canine movement distance, orthodontic treatment duration). Secondary outcomes will be the effectiveness of LLLT to reduce orthodontic adverse effects such as pain and root resorption. The mean difference (MD) and relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) will be chosen as effective measures for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. When feasible, both fixed and random-effects pairwise meta-analyses and frequentist network meta-analyses will be conducted.Discussion: This network meta-analysis will compare the efficacy of LLLT on the acceleration of fixed OTM as well as whether LLLT can prevent adverse effects of this orthodontic treatment. By integrating the current evidence from direct and indirect comparisons and ranking all included interventions, our findings have the potential to help clinicians achieve more effective treatment goals.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020175850

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