Titanium penetration in human enamel after TiF4 application

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Chevitarese ◽  
Orlando Chevitarese ◽  
Leila Maria Chevitarese ◽  
Paulo Bechara Dutra
Keyword(s):  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Titanium Coating ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Group A

The TiF4 application produces a titanium coating on enamel surface, reducing solubility in presence of cariogenic challenge. However, it is not established if this titanium also penetrates inside the enamel. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the presence of this superficial coat and titanium penetration into human sound and decayed enamel after TiF4 application. Twenty-four unerupted third molars were mesiodistally cut and divided into two groups (GA - sound and GB – artificial decayed). After a 4% TiF4 application, each sample was fractured longitudinally (occlusal-cervical). Through microprobe analysis with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), titanium penetration could be observed inside the enamel. The McNemar test (p=0.267) showed that there was no difference between the groups analyzed regarding to titanium penetration, although in group A the titanium penetrated more deeply (Wilcoxon test, p=0.047). It could be concluded that there was no difference between the groups regarding the titanium penetration, but titanium penetrated more deeply into sound enamel compared to artificially decayed enamel.

scholarly journals Laser versus LED polymerization: Comparison of in vitro preventive sealing procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 228080001881601
Author(s):  
Filiberto Mastrangelo ◽  
Isabella Perraro ◽  
Sabrina Mattia ◽  
Giuseppe Troiano ◽  
Khrystyna Zhurakivska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Diode ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Metallization Process

Introduction: The technique of sealing is a widely accepted procedure for prevention of caries. The aim of our in vitro study was to compare the effect of two different curing units (traditional LED source and innovative laser diode lamp) on the integrity of fissure sealant material and its interface with tooth enamel. Materials and methods: Sixty healthy third molars were randomly assigned to two groups. In group A were teeth intended for polymerization by LED B lamp, and group B comprised teeth to be polymerized by an innovative laser diode. Both groups were treated with the traditional sealing technique, subjected to a metallization process, and analyzed by scanning electron microscope. Results: Micro-gaps between the sealant and the enamel were found in specimens in both A (43%) and B (40%) groups ( p=0.793), and sealant shrinkage was seen. Significant differences between the groups emerged in the percentage of perimetric micro-erosion sites (80% vs. 100%, p=0.010) and the presence of holes and micro-bubbles on the sealant surface (21% vs. 63%, p=0.001). Conclusions: Although macroscopic clinical polymerization occurred with both instruments, the microscopic evaluation showed significant differences between the studied groups in terms of perimetric micro-erosion sites and micro-bubbles, which were higher in laser-cured samples.

Brushing Effect of Abrasive Dentifrices during At-home Bleaching with 10% Carbamide Peroxide on Enamel Surface Roughness

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Roberto Marcondes Martins ◽  
Claudia Cia Worschech ◽  
José Augusto Rodrigues ◽  
Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Over Time ◽  
At Home

Abstract During tooth bleaching abrasive dentifrices might change the outer superficial enamel. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the roughness of human enamel exposed to a 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent at different times and submitted to different superficial cleaning treatments. The study consisted of 60 sound human enamel slabs, randomly assigned to different treatment groups: G1 - not brushed; G2 - brushed with a fluoride abrasive dentifrice; G3 - brushed with a non-fluoride abrasive dentifrice; and G4 - brushed without a dentifrice. There were 15 enamel slabs per group. Slabs of molar teeth were obtained and sequentially polished with sandpaper and abrasive pastes. A perfilometer was used to obtain the mean of Ra value on the surface of each specimen to initial and experimental times. Bleaching was performed on the enamel surface for six hours daily. After that, each slab received a cleaning surface treatment and was stored in artificial saliva. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD hoc analysis (α =0.05) revealed significant differences in roughness values over time for enamel bleached and treated with different superficial cleaning methods. G1 and G4 showed no significant differences in roughness over time, G2 and G3 showed a significant increase in the surface roughness values. This in vitro investigation showed the sole use of 10% carbamide peroxide did not alter the enamel surface roughness, but the cleaning treatments that employed the use of brushing with abrasive dentifrices resulted in a significant increase of enamel surface roughness. Citation Worschech CC, Rodrigues JA, Martins LRM, Ambrosano GMB. Brushing Effect of Abrasive Dentifrices during At-home Bleaching with 10% Carbamide Peroxide on Enamel Surface Roughness. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:025-034.

scholarly journals Effect of a carbamide peroxide bleaching gel containing calcium or fluoride on human enamel surface microhardness

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério de Oliveira ◽  
Adriana Franco Paes Leme ◽  
Marcelo Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Human Enamel

This in vitro study evaluated the surface microhardness of human enamel submitted to bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) containing calcium or fluoride. Ninety-eight dental blocks (5 x 5 mm²) with polished enamel surfaces were randomly assigned to 7 treatment groups (n=14), as follows: without bleaching and storage in artificial saliva (control); 10% CP; 10% CP + 0.05% calcium; 10% CP + 0.1% calcium; 10% CP + 0.2% calcium; 10% CP + 0.2% fluoride; and 10% CP + 0.5% fluoride. During 14 days, enamel surfaces were daily exposed to a 6-h bleaching regimen followed by storage in artificial saliva. Surface microhardness was measured before (baseline), during (7th day), immediately after bleaching (14th day) and 1 week post bleaching. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). All treatments reduced SM significantly during the bleaching cycle (7th day), immediately after bleaching (14th day) and 1 week post bleaching, compared to baseline and to the unbleached control group. In conclusion, in spite of the addition of calcium and fluoride, all bleaching treatments affected the enamel surface microhardness.

scholarly journals Effects of Toothbrushing with Fluoride Abrasive and Whitening Dentifrices on Both Unbleached and Bleached Human Enamel Surface in Terms of Roughness and Hardness: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukran Bolay ◽  
Filiz Yalcin Cakir ◽  
Sevil Gurgan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Machine Surface Roughness ◽  
Hardness Values

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of both unbleached and bleached (opalescence; 10% carbamide peroxide) human enamel brushed with water (without dentifrice), fluoride abrasive dentifrice (Colgate Total) and whitening dentifrice (Natural White). Materials and methods Human enamel samples were obtained from third molars and randomly divided into five groups (n = 8): G1—Control (brushed with water without dentifrice), G2—Colgate Total (fluoride abrasive dentifrice), G3—Natural White (whitening dentifrice), G4—Opalescence (10% carbamide peroxide) and then brushed with Colgate Total, G5— Opalescence (10% carbamide peroxide) and then brushed with Natural White. Bleaching regimen was applied according to manufacturers’ instructions. The brushing process was performed with a modified Nyffenegger's brushing machine. Surface roughness was analyzed with a profilometer. Microhardness testing was performed with a Brinell hardness tester. Results Results were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, one-way ANOVA analysis and Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks tests. There were significant differences in surface roughness values for all groups, which showed an increase in roughness (p < 0.05). When the bleaching treatment combined with brushing with whitening dentifrice was performed (G5), there was a significant decrease in hardness values (p < 0.05). The other groups (G1, G2, G3, G4) showed no significant hardness differences (p > 0.05). Conclusion It was concluded that toothbrushing procedures increased the enamel surface roughness, and that bleaching regimen performed with cleaning treatment, through brushing with whitening dentifrice decreased hardness values. Clinical significance When applied together, bleaching and cleaning treatments may alter the enamel surface roughness and hardness values. How to cite this article Bolay S, Cakir FY, Gurgan S. Effects of Toothbrushing with Fluoride Abrasive and Whitening Dentifrices on Both Unbleached and Bleached Human Enamel Surface in Terms of Roughness and Hardness: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):584-589.

scholarly journals Near-Surface Studies of the Changes to the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Human Enamel under the Action of Fluoride Varnish Containing CPP–ACP Compound

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Świetlicka ◽  
Damian Kuc ◽  
Michał Świetlicki ◽  
Marta Arczewska ◽  
Siemowit Muszyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Molecular Arrangement ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptides ◽  
Molar Teeth

Changes to the features of the enamel surface submitted to induced demineralisation and subsequent remineralisation were studied. The in vitro examination was conducted on polished slices of human molar teeth, divided in four groups: the untreated control (n = 20), challenged by a demineralisation with orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) (n = 20), and challenged by a demineralisation following remineralisation with fluoride (F) varnish containing casein phosphopeptides (CPP) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) compounds (n = 20). The specimens’ enamel surfaces were subjected to analysis of structure, molecular arrangement, mechanical features, chemical composition, and crystalline organization of apatite crystals. Specimens treated with acid showed a significant decrease in crystallinity, calcium, and phosphorus levels as well as mechanical parameters, with an increase in enamel surface roughness and degree of carbonates when compared to the control group. Treatment with fluoride CPP–ACP varnish provided great improvements in enamel arrangement, as the destroyed hydroxyapatite structure was largely rebuilt and the resulting enamel surface was characterised by greater regularity, higher molecular and structural organisation, and a smoother surface compared to the demineralised one. In conclusion, this in vitro study showed that fluoride CPP–ACP varnish, by improving enamel hardness and initiating the deposition of a new crystal layer, can be an effective remineralising agent for the treatment of damaged enamel.

The Effect of Enamel Surface Reduction in vitro on the Bonding of Composite Resin to Permanent Human Enamel

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Schneider ◽  
Louise B. Messer ◽  
William H. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Surface Reduction ◽  
Human Enamel

Roughness of Human Enamel Surface Submitted to Different Prophylaxis Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Muassab Castanho ◽  
Victor Arana-Chavez ◽  
Marcelo Fava
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Group I ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rotary Instrument

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate alterations in the surface roughness and micromorphology of human enamel submitted to three prophylaxis methods. Sixty-nine caries-free molars with exposed labial surfaces were divided into three groups. Group I was treated with a rotary instrument set at a low speed, rubber cup and a mixture of water and pumice; group II with a rotary instrument set at a low speed, rubber cup and prophylaxis paste Herjos-F (Vigodent S/A Indústria e Comércio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil); and group III with sodium bicarbonate spray Profi II Ceramic (Dabi Atlante Indústrias Médico Odontológicas Ltda, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil). All procedures were performed by the same operator for 10 s, and samples were rinsed and stored in distilled water. Pre and post-treatment surface evaluation was completed using a surface profilometer (Perthometer S8P, Marh, Perthen, Germany) in 54 samples. In addition, the other samples were coated with gold and examined in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of this study were statistically analyzed with the paired t-test (Student), the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Dunn (5%) test. The sodium bicarbonate spray led to significantly rougher surfaces than the pumice paste. The use of prophylaxis paste showed no statistically significant difference when compared with the other methods. Based on SEM analysis, the sodium bicarbonate spray presented an irregular surface with granular material and erosions. Based on this study, it can be concluded that there was an increased enamel surface roughness when teeth were treated with sodium bicarbonate spray when compared with teeth treated with pumice paste.

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