scholarly journals Women directors and exporting activity: The moderating role of network advice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bochra Idris ◽  
George Saridakis
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Women Directors ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Moderating Role

We use data from Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the UK to examine the link between the presence of women directors and exporting activity. To do this, we build on resource-based view (RBV) and resource dependence theory (RDT) and show that SMEs with women on the board of directors are less likely to be involved in exporting activity compared to SMEs without women directors. Nevertheless, this negative relationship is moderated by seeking network advice, which can be explained through the social network theory (SNT).

scholarly journals “Moderating role of the gender and religiosity on the relationship between Gratitude and Stress”

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1670-1676
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conditional Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Researchers have taken a comprehensive approach to understanding stress, spirituality, and religion, etc. over the past few decades. Recently, there has been increasing interest in understanding psychological correlations involving gratitude and stress. A study (Wood et al., 2007) has shown that being spiritual or having a religious belief plays a positive role in stress reduction. This relationship may not be equally true for women and men, as women may get benefited, particularly from the social context, therefore, resulting in positive emotional effects of gratitude for them. In the current study, an attempt has been made to investigate the relationship between gratitude and stress with gender and religiosity acting as moderators. For testing the hypothesized relationships, primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 348 respondents residing in India. Stress perception was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, S., et al, 1983) and gratitude perception was captured using it (GQ-6; McCullough, Emmons, & Tsang, 2002), using response type 7-point likert scale. The study used scientific research tooli.e SPSS PROCESS Macro, Model 1, developed by Hayes, Andrew F, (2013) to test the conjectured hypotheses and establish the conceptual model. There is evidence of having a significant negative relationship between gratitude and stress and there was not a significant relationship between religiosity and stress. Further, the moderating role of gender and religiosity on the relationship between gratitude and stress, too, has been found checked and found significant for Gender. From this analysis, with the conditional effect, we have also found that significantly, there was the negative relationship between gratitude and stress those who female and male have believe in religiosity. Findings of the differences between gender and religiosity and the possible consequences for further studies in psychology and social science are discussed in a wider context

Constraint absorption in emerging economies: the role of business groups

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mueen Ahmed ◽  
Sankalp Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Power Imbalance ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mutual Dependence ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the motivation for firms in emerging economies to engage in constraint absorption. It illustrates the mechanisms that enable business group (BG) affiliated firms to manage interdependencies vis-à-vis standalone firms in emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach The propositions outlined in this study are rooted in the theoretical lens of resource dependence theory (RDT). The authors integrate RDT with the resource-based view and institutional theory to explain the effect of BG affiliation on the relationship between the two types of interdependence (i.e. mutual dependence and power imbalance) and the likelihood of constraint absorption. Findings This paper theorizes that BG affiliation influences the relationship between mutual dependence/power imbalance and the likelihood of constraint absorption. However, if both the firms in a dyad are affiliated to a BG, the likelihood of constraint absorption is likely to be low owing to a process called “co-optation” even if mutual dependence or power imbalance between the firms is high. Originality/value This paper highlights how BG affiliated firms are better at managing contingencies in the external environment vis-à-vis standalone firms. This paper also advises managers that the type of organizational form is an important factor to be considered while engaging in constraint absorption in an emerging economy.

scholarly journals Solidarity with disabled people in times of crisis: A comparative analysis of Italy and the UK

2021 ◽  
pp. 026858092199450
Author(s):  
Nicola Maggini ◽  
Tom Montgomery ◽  
Simone Baglioni
Keyword(s):  
Social Trust ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Piety ◽  
Active Nature ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk

Against the background of crisis and cuts, citizens can express solidarity with groups in various ways. Using novel survey data this article explores the attitudes and behaviours of citizens in their expressions of solidarity with disabled people and in doing so illuminates the differences and similarities across two European contexts: Italy and the UK. The findings reveal pools of solidarity with disabled people across both countries that have on the one hand similar foundations such as the social embeddedness and social trust of citizens, while on the other hand contain some differences, such as the more direct and active nature of solidarity in Italy compared to the UK and the role of religiosity as an important determinant, particularly in Italy. Across both countries the role of ‘deservingness’ was key to understanding solidarity, and the study’s conclusions raise questions about a solidarity embedded by a degree of paternalism and even religious piety.

Does it pay to bribe? The influence of bribery on new venture disbanding in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Jintong Tang ◽  
Zhi Tang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Chinese Entrepreneurs

This research extends bribery research toward entrepreneurial theory and practice by examining how bribery impacts new venture disbanding in China. Existing research suggests that bribery may enhance firms’ competitive advantage; however, building off of resource-based view and taking into consideration the institutional context in China, the current study proposes that firm bribery activity hurts new ventures by increasing the hazard of venture disbanding. Further, guided by resource dependence theory, this study examines how local economic development and organizing activity moderate the relation between bribery and disbanding. In particular, it is proposed that when local economic development is suffering, or when firms are not engaging in appropriate organizing activities, bribery will lead to higher chance of new venture disbanding. Data from Chinese entrepreneurs support these hypotheses.

scholarly journals The Curvilinear Relationship Between Job Control and Voice: Role of Emotional Resistance to Change and Supervisor Developmental Feedback

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110278
Author(s):  
Xian Tiantian ◽  
Zhang Zhenduo ◽  
Xiao Huan ◽  
Xiu Jing ◽  
Jia Wentong
Keyword(s):  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Developmental Feedback ◽  
Emotional Resistance ◽  
Moderating Role

The purpose of this study was to delve into the underlying mechanism and contextual boundary condition of the U-shaped relationship between job control and voice at the episode level within the framework of conservation of resources theory. Adopting a two-wave experience sampling method, this study collected 265 matched cases nested in 53 Chinese employees for 5 consecutive days. By hierarchical linear regression, the U-shaped effect of job control on voice at the episode level was replicated. Furthermore, the mediating role of emotional resistance (ER) to change and to the moderating role of supervisor developmental feedback (SDF) was examined. Job control has a U-shaped effect on day-level voice and an inverted U-shaped effect on trait ER, which mediates the curvilinear relationship between job control and day-level voice. Daily SDF moderates the curvilinear relationship between job control and day-level voice such that daily SDF buffers the negative relationship between low job control and day-level voice, as well as amplifies the positive relationship between high job control and day-level voice. The current study unveils the mediating states and contextual boundary conditions of the curvilinear relationship between job control and day-level voice by testing the mediating role of ER and moderating role of SDF at the episode level, thereby further contributing to the literature on voice.

scholarly journals The Influence of Masculinity and the Moderating Role of Religion on the Workplace Well-Being of Factory Workers in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6250
Author(s):  
Quan Gao ◽  
Orlando Woods ◽  
Xiaomei Cai
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Being There ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Moderating Role

This paper explores how the intersection of masculinity and religion shapes workplace well-being by focusing on Christianity and the social construction of masculinity among factory workers in a city in China. While existing work on public and occupational health has respectively acknowledged masculinity’s influences on health and the religious and spiritual dimensions of well-being, there have been limited efforts to examine how variegated, and especially religious, masculinities influence people’s well-being in the workplace. Drawing on ethnography and in-depth interviews with 52 factory workers and 8 church leaders and factory managers, we found that: (1) Variegated masculinities were integrated into the factory labor regime to produce docile and productive bodies of workers. In particular, the militarized and masculine cultures in China’s factories largely deprived workers of their dignity and undermined their well-being. These toxic masculinities were associated with workers’ depression and suicidal behavior. (2) Christianity not only provided social and spiritual support for vulnerable factory workers, but also enabled them to construct a morally superior Christian manhood that phytologically empowered them and enhanced their resilience to exploitation. This paper highlights not only the gender mechanism of well-being, but also the ways religion mediates the social-psychological construction of masculinity.

scholarly journals Migration infrastructures and the production of migrants’ irregularity in Japan and the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nando Sigona ◽  
Jotaro Kato ◽  
Irina Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Legal Violence ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe article examines the migration infrastructures and pathways through which migrants move into, through and out of irregular status in Japan and the UK and how these infrastructures uniquely shape their migrant experiences of irregularity at key stages of their migration projects.Our analysis brings together two bodies of migration scholarship, namely critical work on the social and legal production of illegality and the impact of legal violence on the lives of immigrants with precarious legal status, and on the role of migration infrastructures in shaping mobility pathways.Drawing upon in-depth qualitative interviews with irregular and precarious migrants in Japan and the UK collected over a ten-year period, this article develops a three-pronged analysis of the infrastructures of irregularity, focusing on infrastructures of entry, settlement and exit, casting a comparative light on the mechanisms that produce precarious and expendable migrant lives in relation to access to labour and labour conditions, access and quality of housing and law enforcement, and how migrants adapt, cope, resist or eventually are overpowered by them.

scholarly journals Foreign Shareholdings Impact on Banks Efficiency and Moderating Role of Corporate Governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 414-425
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

The research investigate the impact of foreign shareholding originated from developed and developing countries on the efficiency of acquired local banks in Indonesia during 2007-2017 by including Corporate Governance as a moderating variable. Methodology: Using the secondary aggregate data of 29 commercial banks acquired by foreign shareholders, a panel regression model using econometrics methods of GLS, and DEA were applied to examine the effects of percentage of foreign shareholdings on efficiency of the acquired local banks. The main findings; First, percentage of foreign shareholdings positively affecting efficiency of acquired local banks only if the foreign shareholders is originated from developed countries. Second, the level of economic advancement of the country of origin of foreign shareholders has significant effects on the efficiency of the acquired local banks. Third, the increase in the size of the Board of Directors tends to decrease the efficiency of the acquired local banks and fourth, the presence of Foreign Director has a positive moderating effect on strengthening the effect of percentage of foreign shareholdings on the efficiency of the acquired local banks. Overall, the originality of this studies is that the percentage of foreign shareholdings and its country of origin are two combined factors that cannot be separated in affecting the level of efficiency of its acquired local bank and the fact of significant positive moderating effect of Foreign Director. As policy consideration, monetary authority need to perform strict due diligence on prospective foreign shareholders specifically originated from developing countries, advise banks to maintain the existence of Foreign Director and to encourage small local banks to be merged prior to the acquisition by foreign shareholders.

scholarly journals Dividend Policy in Indonesian Companies: Does Corporate Governance Matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 825-830
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Finance Industry ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk

This study investigates whether corporate governance matters with regards to the dividend policy in Indonesian companies. Previous studies on this subject have mostly been done in developed countries, which have adopted the common law, such as in the US and the UK. This study uses 26 companies operating in the finance industry. Secondary data is used from several sources, such as the annual report and financial statement and related websites. This study uses an independent sample t-test to analyse the data. Corporate governance matters for dividend policy in Indonesian companies. It is evidenced by the fact that there is a significant differ ence in managerial ownership and board size between dividend paid and dividend not paid. Profitability also differs between dividend paid and dividend not paid companies; companies with higher profitability tend to pay dividend. This study provides empirical evidence that corporate governance matters for dividend policy in Indonesian companies. There are two contributions of this study: the result confirms the resource dependence theory and the convergence governance hypothesis.

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