scholarly journals The influence of the locomotor stump’s form on the ocular prosthetics result with different methods of eye removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Baranova ◽  
Irina A. Senina ◽  
Vadim P. Nikolaenko
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Optimal Shape ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Ocular Prosthesis ◽  
Orbital Prosthesis ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Contralateral Eye ◽  
Upper Third ◽  
Corneal Diameter

Aim. To determine the optimal shape of the locomotor stump and the configuration of the corresponding ocular prosthesis, ensuring their maximum motility in patients with anophthalmia with different methods of eye removal. Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 132 patients aged 1880 years after enucleation or evisceration. Examination methods included medical history; examination of eyelids, measurement of length and width of the palpebral fissure, as well as of the depth of conjunctival fornices on both sides; assessment of the volume, shape, surface topography, position and excursions of the locomotor stump, of the protrusion of the ocular prosthesis compared to the contralateral eye; photo registration of the studied parameters. Results. During the study, there were 3 types of locomotor stump identified: moderate with retraction in the upper third; voluminous flattened; voluminous hemispherical. The locomotor stump after enucleation was voluminous flattened or moderate with retraction in the upper third. The best motility of the locomotor stump was noted nasally and downward. The motility of the ocular prosthesis was 47.4% compared to the contralateral eye. The locomotor stump after evisceration with keratectomy was voluminous hemispherical or voluminous flattened. Its motility in all four directions was about the same. The motility of the ocular prosthesis in comparison to the contralateral eye was 55.9%. The locomotor stump after evisceration without keratectomy was voluminous hemispherical, uniform, smooth. The motility of the locomotor stump was maximal in comparison to other groups and relatively equal in all four directions. The motility of the ocular prosthesis in comparison to the contralateral eye was 68.2%. Conclusion. The optimal shape of the locomotor stump, providing the greatest motility of the ocular prosthesis is voluminous hemispherical. The same protrusion of the eyeball and that of the cosmetic prosthesis relatively to the frontal plane after enucleation is achieved by increasing the thickness of the prosthesis itself, which reduces its motility. Evisceration with implantation of the orbital prosthesis involves the use of a thin-walled ocular prosthesis, the back surface of which ideally repeats the locomotor stump surface and does not prevent its maximum motility. When removing a squinting eyeball with preserved corneal diameter, a smaller implant should be used to prevent excessive opening of the palpebral fissure, or to prefer evisceration with keratectomy.

A specialized system of pre-trip medical examinations using digital technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Valeriy Vasilievich Bakutkin ◽  
Ilya Valerievich Bakutkin ◽  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Zelenov
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Digital Measurement ◽  
Examination System ◽  
Text Format ◽  
Eye Tissues ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
Specialized System

A system of pre-trip medical examinations using digital technologies has been developed. It includes a remote questionnaire, the results of which are analyzed and a reporting form is generated in text format and in the form of a graph. Portable, autonomous equipment and specialized software for use in remote medical examinations have been developed. Objective examination is carried out by the method of digital biomicroscopy of the eye, which allows you to analyze the parameters of pupillary reactions, the size of the palpebral fissure, the volume of eye movement, the frequency of blinking movements, the degree of redness of the eyeballs, the presence of nystagmus, the state of the surrounding eye tissues. Also in the hardware part of the complex there are sensors for detecting and measuring the level of concentration of ethyl alcohol vapors. Contact digital measurement of body temperature is performed with a sensor in contact with the forehead area during the examination. There is an additional program for the identification of the examined person by the iris of the eye. The use of digital methods in the medical examination system increases efficiency through the use of objective examination methods.

Microbiological analysis of conjunctival secretion in anophthalmic cavity, contralateral eye and ocular prosthesis of patients with maxillofacial abnormalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Guiotti ◽  
E.V.F. da Silva ◽  
I.A. Catanoze ◽  
K.H.T. de Carvalho ◽  
E.M. Malavazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Ocular Prosthesis ◽  
Maxillofacial Abnormalities ◽  
Contralateral Eye

scholarly journals Contralateral Eye Study On The Characteristics of Corneal Aberration In Patients With Bilateral Keratoconus And Unilateral Corneal Vogt’s Striae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Yaohua Zhang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Yan Cai ◽  
Jing Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
High Order ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
High Order Aberration ◽  
Contralateral Eye

Abstract Purpose: To assess the corneal high-order aberration(HOA) and its correlation with corneal morphological parameters in patients with bilateral keratoconus (KCN) and unilateral Vogt’s striae.Methods: A total of 168 eyes of 84 patients with KCN, whose corneas had definite signs of unilateral Vogt’s striae were enrolled. Corneal HOA and morphological parameters were measured using Pentacam HR.Results: The corneal morphological parameters between KCN eyes with and without Vogt’s striae were evidently different (P < 0.001). The 3rd coma 90°, 4th spherical aberration, 5th coma 90°, RMS (total), and RMS (HOA) in the front, back surfaces and total cornea in KCN eyes with Vogt’s striae were significantly higher than those in KCN eyes without Vogt’s striae (P < 0.001). In KCN eyes with Vogt’s striae, the 3rd coma 90° and 4th spherical aberration in the front surface and total cornea were negatively correlated with K1, K2, Km, Kmax, ACE, and PCE (P < 0.05). The 3rd coma 90° , 4th spherical aberration in back surface and RMS (total), RMS (HOA) in the front, back surfaces, total cornea were positively correlated with K1, K2, Km, Kmax, ACE, and PCE (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Corneal HOA especially vertical coma and spherical aberration may increase when Vogt’s striae appeared in KCN eyes. The scale of increase was significantly related with changes in corneal shapes.

Visual-response properties of units in the turtle cerebellar granular layer in vitro

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1314-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. X. Fan ◽  
A. F. Rosenberg ◽  
M. Ariel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebellar Cortex ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Stimulus Velocity ◽  
Response Properties ◽  
Preferred Direction ◽  
Contralateral Eye ◽  
Direction Tuning

1. Single units were recorded extracellularly in the turtle's cerebellar cortex from an isolated brain preparation during visual stimulation. Only a small fraction of the isolated units responded to visual stimuli. For these visually responsive units, the most effective visual stimulus was a moving check pattern that covered the entire surface of the retinal eyecup. The visually responsive units had little or no spontaneous spike activity, nor were they driven by flashes of diffuse light or stationary patterns. 2. All the visually responsive units were direction sensitive and were driven exclusively by the contralateral eye. This direction tuning was well fit by a limacon model (mean correlation coefficient, 0.89). The distribution of the entire sample indicates a slight preponderance of upward preferred directions. 3. The direction tuning of these cerebellar units was independent of stimulus contrast or the pattern's configuration (such as checkerboards or random check or dot patterns). In the preferred direction, a unit's spike frequency increased monotonically as a function of stimulus velocity until approximately 10 degrees/s, but remained direction sensitive (relative to the opposite direction) at speeds as fast as 100 degrees/s. 4. In some experiments the ventrocaudal brain stem was transected in the frontal plane just caudal to the cerebellar peduncles. Although this lesion presumably removes climbing fiber input from the inferior olivary nuclei, the visual-response properties in the cerebellar cortex were unaffected. 5. The response properties of these units indicate that they encode retinal slip information in the cerebellum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Peculiarities of ocular prosthetics in congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Baranova ◽  
Vadim P. Nikolaenko
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Ocular Prosthesis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Prior Surgery ◽  
Congenital Anophthalmia ◽  
Prosthesis Material

Aim — to determine optimal terms of the primary ocular prosthetics, to develop the most auspicious regimen of adaptation to the ocular prosthesis in children with congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Material and methods. A total of 46 children aged from 1 month to 16 years with congenital defect were under observation. Among patients with congenital microphthalmia, only unpromising eyes were subject to ocular prosthetics. Examination methods in the laboratory included external examination of the orbit, palpebral fissure, and eyelids. The state of the cul-de-sac of eyelids, the configuration of the conjunctival cavity, the anterior segment of the abnormally small eyeball were assessed. Photography was performed to achieve a dynamic control of external prosthetics signs of, and to evaluate the face symmetry. Results. Best results were observed at early stepwise ocular prosthetics with consideration of features of the ocular prosthesis material, without prior surgery. Long-term cosmetic performance of children with congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia directly depended on age at which the non-surgical treatment began, on the timely replacement of the ocular prosthesis, compliance to the regimen developed for the adaptation to the prosthesis. Conclusion. This study showed that the terms of primary ocular prosthetics are of crucial importance for the symmetrical development of soft tissues and facial skeleton. Prosthetics for patients with congenital anophthalmia should be started at the first month of life. The optimal term for primary prosthetics in congenital microphthalmia depends on the length of the antero-posterior axis at birth. If the axial length is less than 7.5 mm, prosthetics should be started at the first month of life, if the axis is longer than 10 mm — no later than from the fourth month of life.

scholarly journals Custom-made Ocular Prosthesis for Rehabilitation of Missing Parts of the Face: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Safari Azhar ◽  
Rizko Wira Artha Megantara ◽  
Agus Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Ocular Prosthesis ◽  
Maxillofacial Prosthesis ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
The Face ◽  
Eye Prosthesis ◽  
Contralateral Eye ◽  
The Right

Background. Eyes are an important component of the face and vital organs of vision. Eye loss can be caused by congenital defects, trauma, or tumor. Loss of an eye produces physical abnormalities that pose a psychological burden on the patient, as well as visual function damage. An ocular prosthesis is an artificial maxillofacial prosthesis to replace the lost eye. Case summary. A 54-year-old man consults at the Prosthodontics Specialist Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital for an eye prosthesis. The patient did not have the right eyeball since birth. Soft tissue around the eye is normal, including the palpebral muscles. Case management. An impression was made using a custom tray and alginate in the defect area, followed by filling the impression with gypsum type 3 to get a working model, from which a wax model is made and adjusted to the patient. After that, sclera and ocular acrylic prostheses are made on the basis of an adjusted wax model. The prosthesis is then polished and colored according to the contralateral eye. Then the prosthesis is delivered to the patient. Conclusion. The hollow custom-made eye prosthesis can be considered in the treatment of anophthalmia. It is able to improve the patient's psychological and emotional status.

scholarly journals Orbital Prosthesis: A Novel Treatment Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
CK Anulekha Avinash ◽  
Ramesh Nadiger ◽  
Sathyabodh S Guttal
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disturbance ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Ocular Prosthesis ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Facial Defects ◽  
Orbital Prosthesis ◽  
Custom Ocular Prosthesis

ABSTRACT The disfigurement associated with loss of eye can cause significant physical and emotional disturbance. Rehabilitation of facial defects is a complex task, requiring an individualized design of the technique for each patient and also a technique sensitive procedure, visual assessment alone may not be accurate. We report a case of 23-year-old male patient with rhabdomyosarcoma of the eye, which was treated with chemotherapy and surgical enucleation, and was rehabilitated with silicon orbital prosthesis by constructing a custom ocular prosthesis to achieve ideal fit and esthetics. How to cite this article Avinash CKA, Nadiger R, Guttal SS, Lekha K. Orbital Prosthesis: A Novel Treatment Approach. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1):19-23.

Preparation of Backthinned Ceramic Specimens

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
A. T. Fisher ◽  
P. Angelini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Surface Microstructure ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Depth Profiles ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Ion Implanted

Analytical electron microscopy (AEM) of the near surface microstructure of ion implanted ceramics can provide much information about these materials. Backthinning of specimens results in relatively large thin areas for analysis of precipitates, voids, dislocations, depth profiles of implanted species and other features. One of the most critical stages in the backthinning process is the ion milling procedure. Material sputtered during ion milling can redeposit on the back surface thereby contaminating the specimen with impurities such as Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Si, etc. These impurities may originate from the specimen, specimen platform and clamping plates, vacuum system, and other components. The contamination may take the form of discrete particles or continuous films [Fig. 1] and compromises many of the compositional and microstructural analyses. A method is being developed to protect the implanted surface by coating it with NaCl prior to backthinning. Impurities which deposit on the continuous NaCl film during ion milling are removed by immersing the specimen in water and floating the contaminants from the specimen as the salt dissolves.

Ultrastructure of superficial neuromasts in the mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdi

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
W.R. Jones ◽  
S. Coombs ◽  
J. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Line System ◽  
Dense Cores ◽  
Sensory Hair Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vesicles ◽  
Cottus Bairdi ◽  
Mottled Sculpin ◽  
Upper Third

The lateral line system of the mottled sculpin, like that of most bony fish, has both canal (CNM) and superficial (SNM) sensory end organs, neuromasts, which are distributed on the head and trunk in discrete, readily identifiable groupings (Fig. 1). CNM and SNM differ grossly in location and in overall size and shape. The former are located in subdermal canals and are larger and asymmetric in shape, The latter are located directly on the surface of the skin and are much smaller and more symmetrical It has been suggested that the two may differ at a more fundamental level in such functionally related parameters as extent of myelination of innervating fibers and the absence of efferent innervation in SNM. The present study addresses the validity of these last two features as distinguishing criteria by examining the structure of those SNM populations indicated in Fig. 1 at both the light and electron microscopic levels.All of the populations of SNM examined conform in general to previously published descriptions, consisting of a neuroepithelium composed of sensory hair cells, support cells and mantle cells, Several significant differences from these accounts have, however, emerged. Firstly, the structural composition of the innervating fibers is heterogeneous with respect to the extent of myelination. All SNM groups, with the possible exception of the TRrs and CFLs, possess both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers within the neuroepithelium proper (Fig. 2), just as do CNM. The extent of myelina- tion is quite variable, with some fibers sheath terminating just before crossing the neuroepithelial basal lamina, some just after and a few retaining their myelination all the way to the base of the hair cells in the upper third of the neuroepithelium. Secondly, all SNMs possess fibers that may, on the basis of ultrastructural criteria, be identified as efferent. Such fibers contained numerous cytoplasmic vesicles, both clear and with dense cores. In regions where such fibers closely apposed hair cells, subsynaptic cisternae were observed in the hair cell (Fig. 3).

Handbook of Mental Examination Methods.

1913 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 250-250
Author(s):  
F. M., Jr. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Examination Methods
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