Designing maxillofacial prosthesis for bone reconstruction: an overview

A cranio-maxillofacial region contains several bones and serves to protect and support the area, from the brain to the masticatory system. In this paper the clinical and research aspects of craniomaxillofacial biomaterials have been highlighted to serve as a guide into the wide world of their reconstructions. After a quick look into the anatomy, the review focuses on the causes of large bone defects in this region, and how they influence the designing process of the implant. Since it is a large area to unfold, only the maxillary, the mandible and the temporomandibular joints are highlighted. Understanding the biomechanics of mandible and temporomandibular joints is quite important, as it strongly influences the choice of the biomaterial. Thus, the latest techniques implemented to understand the biomechanics of the mandible are also highlighted. Via the finite element analysis, a simulation can help to identify the forces and the movements of the mandible and to predict the possible outcome of the implantation influencing the choice of the biomaterial.

Custom-made Ocular Prosthesis for Rehabilitation of Missing Parts of the Face: A Case Report

Background. Eyes are an important component of the face and vital organs of vision. Eye loss can be caused by congenital defects, trauma, or tumor. Loss of an eye produces physical abnormalities that pose a psychological burden on the patient, as well as visual function damage. An ocular prosthesis is an artificial maxillofacial prosthesis to replace the lost eye. Case summary. A 54-year-old man consults at the Prosthodontics Specialist Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital for an eye prosthesis. The patient did not have the right eyeball since birth. Soft tissue around the eye is normal, including the palpebral muscles. Case management. An impression was made using a custom tray and alginate in the defect area, followed by filling the impression with gypsum type 3 to get a working model, from which a wax model is made and adjusted to the patient. After that, sclera and ocular acrylic prostheses are made on the basis of an adjusted wax model. The prosthesis is then polished and colored according to the contralateral eye. Then the prosthesis is delivered to the patient. Conclusion. The hollow custom-made eye prosthesis can be considered in the treatment of anophthalmia. It is able to improve the patient's psychological and emotional status.

Impact of mandibular resection guidance prostheses on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) - A prospective study

This prospective study was aimed to measure the impact of mandibular resection guidance prostheses on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQol). A total of 35 patients with mandibulectomy defects were included. All the patients were rehabilitated with mandibular resection guidance prostheses respectively. These patients were subjected for assessment of OHRQol. The assessment was done by using OHIP-Edent-19 and a novel scale—maxillofacial prosthesis performance scale (MFPPS). The assessment was done on all the patients at two weeks and three months of prosthesis function. The scores of OHIP-Edent, and MFPPS for mandibular resection guidance prostheses after two weeks were 33.20and 18.74 respectively. The scores of OHIP-Edent and MFPPS for mandibular resection guidance prostheses prostheses at three months were 27.71and 15.20 respectively. These findings show significant improvements of prosthesis in terms of functional, physical, psychological and social parameters after long-term follow-up (3 months).

Fabricating A Maxillofacial Prosthesis with A Novel Suspension Technique for A Person with Exenteration: A Case Report

Introduction: Making a prosthesis is challenging for people who have lost an eye and parts of their cheekbones and nasal tissues. Suspending the prosthesis is a significant problem because of the open nasal cavity and the vast lesion area on the face. Case Presentation: This case report describes a new suspension technique used for a maxillofacial prosthesis on a person who had an exenterated left eye and parts of his maxillary and frontal sinuses had been removed due to infection. Since the sinus and nasal cavities were exposed, we could not use the conventional methods (anatomical, mechanical, chemical, and surgical) for suspending the prosthesis. Therefore, a new prosthetic suspension technique was used to solve this problem. Conclusion: In this clinical report, we used an optimal and effective method to make a prosthesis that can be used in similar cases of eye loss and extensive loss of the face. This new method does not need adhesives and minimizes the donning and doffing time of the prosthesis.

Impressions in extra-oral maxillofacial prosthesis- An overview

The disfigurement caused by loss of any part of the body is often a psychologically damaging experience for the patient. To gain improved fit and intimate tissue adaptation of the prosthesis, an accurate impression and fitting technique is necessary. This article reviews various impression techniques that can be used in clinical practice as and when need arises.

Custom made ocular prosthesis: A case report

Physical defects that compromise appearance or function, which prevent an individual from leading a normal life, usually prompt the individual to seek treatment that will reinstate acceptable normalcy. The loss of an eye impairs the patient’s visual function, yet also results in a noticeable deformity. Prosthesis should be provided as soon as possible to raise the spirits and ease the mind of the afflicted. An ocular prosthesis is a maxillofacial prosthesis that artificially replaces an eye missing as a result of trauma, surgery, or congenital absence. A custom ocular prosthesis has advantage of close adaptation to the tissue bed, provides maximum comfort and restores full physiological function to the accessory organs of the eye.

RETENTION IN MAXILLOFACIAL PROSTHESIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Defects in the maxillofacial region can be congenital or acquired, and may negatively affect their physical and psychological health, hence such defects requires rehabilitation to improve the quality of life. Maxillofacial prosthesis helps in substituting these missing body part. The mode of retention are always challenging. Apart from the various modes of retention available, a thorough treatment planning can give a better quality of maxillofacial prostheses. The type of retentive to be given depends on several factors such as the shape and size of the defect, the systemic conditions and the age of the patient. Using ideal retentive aids along with the aesthetic, functional and economic factors helps in achieving successful outcome.