scholarly journals Vitamin D and neurospecific proteins in children with inflammatory demyelinating diseases of central nervous system

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Marina A. Bukhalko ◽  
Elena Yu. Skripchenko ◽  
Lidiya A. Alekseeva ◽  
Nataliya V. Skripchenko ◽  
Nina E. Monakhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Neurospecific Proteins ◽  
Autoimmune Pathology ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The relevance of studying the provision of vitamin D in children with inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) is due to a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency conditions in children population, which, according to current literature data, leads to the imbalance of the immune system and a predisposition to a severe disease course, chronization of the process, development of autoimmune pathology. The study of the concentration of neurospecific proteins (NSP) in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been recently used to analyze the degree and nature of nervous tissue damage in case of various CNS diseases. The study included investigation of blood serum and CSF samples obtained from 107 children (34 – with encephalitis, 28 – with disseminated encephalomyelitis (DEM), 20 – with multiple sclerosis (MS), 25 – control group). Determination of vitamin D levels (25(OH)D) was performed by the method of electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, concentrations of myelin basic protein, neuron-specific enolase, S100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein – by ELISA method. A decrease in the concentration of vitamin D under 30 ng/ml was found in 95% of children with inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, while the severity of the deficiency of 25(OH)D was associated with the severity of the disease course. In the early stages of the disease in all groups, a significant increase in the level of the main myelin protein was found, while an increase in the concentration of other NSP was observed less frequently and was associated with a severe and complicated course of the disease. Correlations of different intensity and direction between NSP and 25(OH)D were found, which indicates their importance in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of CNS.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Viktoriia R. Cheredanova ◽  
◽  
Ivan A. Chabin ◽  
Raisa Ts. Bembeeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Young People ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system and is a major cause of disability in able-bodied young people. Recently, the question of the effect of vitamin D on the risk of occurrence and clinical course of MS has been widely discussed. The review presents pathogenesis of this disease and estimated mechanisms of the effect of cholecalciferol on it, current data on the effect of vitamin D levels on the risk of MS, the course and outcome of this disease.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis and Evaluation of Vitamin D Effect

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zahra Eslamifar ◽  
Behnaz Deihim ◽  
Reza Ghaffaripour
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases. The symptoms vary depending on damage location. Some of the symptoms include cognitive disorders, anxiety and depression, visual impairment, respiratory, speech and swallowing disorders, muscle spasm and fatigue. Due to the lack of a definitive treatment method, various therapeutic approaches are proposed to control the disease. Drugs are classified into attack control drugs, complication control drugs and disease-modifying drugs. Vitamin D is a hormone-like steroidal compound with immune modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a variety of inflammatory, neurologic and autoimmune diseases. Many studies on patients as well as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis studies have shown that the administration of vitamin D reduces inflammation in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. As argued, vitamin D level was significantly lower in MS compared to healthy subjects as controls.  Also, a higher level of vitamin D is reported in relapsing-remitting MS patients compared to patients with progressive MS. It is observed that higher serum levels of vitamin D can reduce the severity of symptoms, progress, and also delays the relapses. Few studies considered vitamin D to be ineffective in stopping or inhibition the disease. Despite the controversies concerning the role of vitamin D in MS progress, there is a lot of interest in further research in this regard with the hope of reaching a common ground. Therefore, frequent reviews of past and recent studies are essential to achieve the same results.

scholarly journals Vitamin D as a Neuroactive Substance: Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Kiraly ◽  
Michael A. Kiraly ◽  
Rick D. Hawe ◽  
Naila Makhani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Physiological Importance ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Research Bias ◽  
Neuroactive Substance ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The objectives of this paper were (1) to review recent research on the actions of vitamin D as a steroid derivative with neuroactive properties and (2) to highlight clinical relevance and need for more research. Our methods included review of research from current journals, Medline, and Cochrane Reviews; theoretical discussion. Scientific research has had a justifiably strong emphasis on how vitamin D affects calcium metabolism and bone. This appears to have eclipsed its fundamental actions on several other important systems, including the central nervous system. Vitamin D as a neuroactive compound, a prohormone, is highly active in regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and peroxidation in a variety of structures, including the brain. Vitamin D insufficiency is not rare. Historically, focus has been on bone metabolism, which appears to have causedresearch biasandevidence bias, distorting physiological importance. The central nervous system is increasingly recognized as a target organ for vitamin D via its wide-ranging hormonal effects, including the induction of proteins such as nerve growth factor. We need more research on this important neuroactive substance because it may play a role as a relatively safe and inexpensive pharmaceutical in the prevention and treatment of a number of common neuropsychiatric conditions.

NMO Spectrum Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. E36-E47
Author(s):  
Steffen Pfeuffer ◽  
Christine Strippel ◽  
Heinz Wiendl
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Aqp4 Antibody

AbstractNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) represent a rare subset of chronic-inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. Despite heterogeneities in disease activity, there is a higher degree of disability accumulation in NMOSD patients compared to MS patients. According to the revised diagnostic criteria, a recommendation was made to abandon the term NMO and to summarize these conditions as NMOSD. Clinical presentation of NMOSD patients in most cases is optic neuritis and transverse myelitis but nevertheless, NMOSD can affect most parts of the central nervous system (e. g. brainstem and hypothalamus). Originally characterized as AQP4-antibody-dependent disease, it has recently been discussed whether conditions with presence of antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) belong to the family of NMOSD. Due to the severity of the disease with often devastating relapses, systematic therapy is necessary. Usually, immunosuppressants or monoclonal antibodies with anti-inflammatory properties are used. Recently, four substances entered clinical testing for treatment of NMOSD.

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