Reasons of time shifting of animals’ seasonal events in the Central Forest Biosphere Reserve

The paper considers dynamics of phenological phenomena of animals in the south taiga Central Forest biosphere reserve. As initial data we used materials of meteorological and phenological observations made under the program of maintaining the nature chronicle on the basis of the meteorological post Forest reserve in the Roshydromet network. Of the 46 meteorological series only ten (22%) show significant long-term changes over the period 19902019: an increase in the average annual air temperature, temperature in May, August, September and November; a decrease of total precipitation in September and an increase in December; a positive displacement of occurrence dates of maximum temperature less than 0C and the final formation of ice on the pond, a negative shift of the phenological summer beginning dates. The authors prove that there has been a shift of time when winter comes or an increase in the duration of the frost-free period on the reserve territory over a 30-year period. For the spring phenodates of the considered animal species, there is a negative long-term linear trend in the variability of phenological phenomena towards an earlier start of events. Such signs as the first meeting of the small tortoiseshell, the first bites of the biting mosquito, the first appearance of the grass frog and the viviparous lizard are recommended to be used as indicators of the climate change. The shift of insect and amphibian phenodates is associated with a shortening of the cold season in the reserve climate system. A significant change of lizards phenological phenomenon time is caused by abiotic as well as by biotic (forage) factors.

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Statistical Analysis of Temperature and Rainfall Trend in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.10.1.38 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 305-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R Khavse ◽

N Deshmukh ◽

N Manikandan ◽

J Chaudhary ◽

D Kaushik

Keyword(s):

Linear Trend ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Trend Test ◽

Rainfall Trend ◽

Term Change ◽

Rainfall Trends ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Level Of Significance

The temperature and rainfall trends are analysed for meteorological data of Labandi station, Raipur district in Chhattisgarh, India over approximately last three decades stretching between years 1971 to 2013. The long–term change in temperature and rainfall has been assessed by linear trend analysis. The increasing trend in mean maximum temperature (MMAX) and total mean rainfall (TMRF) is confirmed by Mann-Kendall trend test. It is observed that in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh region, the December MMAX temperature has increased by 1.1008 0C and annual MMAX temperature has increased by 0.0256 0C whereas the highest decrease in TMRF occurs is observed in August @ 1.4385 mm per year (data base 1971-2013) and annual TMRF quantity has increased by 8.084 mm during the same period. Annual MMAX temperature has shown increasing trend which is statistically non- significant at 5% level of significance whereas annual TMRF has shown increasing trend which is statistically non- significant at 5% level of significance.

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Reduction in hypoglycemia with the predictive low-glucose management system: a long-term randomized controlled trial in adolescents with T1DM

Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/ey.15.10.6 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abraham MB ◽

Nicholas JA ◽

Smith GJ ◽

Fairchild JM ◽

King BR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Management System ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

System A ◽

Low Glucose ◽

Glucose Management

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293 Enhancing Your Recovery: A Mobile Application for Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab134.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

S Hodge ◽

K Pattabathula ◽

J Jenkins ◽

M Ogg

Keyword(s):

Vascular Surgery ◽

Mobile Application ◽

Outpatient Appointment ◽

Healthcare Settings ◽

System A ◽

University Of Technology ◽

Operative Complications ◽

Remote Consultations ◽

Healthcare Assessment

Abstract Aim: With increasing demands on the healthcare system, a central (and currently essential) push for remote consultations, and an increasing number of co morbidities in the surgical population, the aim was to create an application that placed the focus on pre-hospital optimisation, education and autonomy – addressing these sector trends to enhance outcomes for patients and ease the burden on healthcare settings. Method After obtaining baseline data, I worked alongside students from the Queensland University of Technology to produce an application suitable for both iOS and android platforms. Results The application has four facets which mirror a patient’s journey from their initial outpatient appointment through to recovery. The application is easy to use, free to download and readily accessible. On opening the application, the user can select their planned operation and navigate along a personalised decision tree. Conclusions The application has been designed to educate and empower a patient to become an active participant in their care, leading to long-term changes in healthcare. Assessment is ongoing but early indications suggest that this will be a valuable tool in optimising outcomes for patients undergoing vascular surgery – leading to fewer post-operative complications and earlier restoration of functional status.

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Compositional Variation of Eudialyte-Group Minerals from the Lovozero and Ilímaussaq Complexes and on the Origin of Peralkaline Systems

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11060548 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 548

Author(s):

Lia N. Kogarko ◽

Troels F. D. Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Linear Trend ◽

Major And Trace Elements ◽

High Tech ◽

Compositional Variation ◽

Elemental Distribution ◽

Magma Chambers ◽

Eudialyte Group ◽

System A ◽

Distribution Of Elements ◽

World Class

The Lovozero complex, Kola peninsula, Russia and the Ilímaussaq complex in Southwest Greenland are the largest known layered peralkaline intrusive complexes. Both host world-class deposits rich in REE and other high-tech elements. Both complexes expose spectacular layering with horizons rich in eudialyte group minerals (EGM). We present a detailed study of the composition and cryptic variations in cumulus EGM from Lovozero and a comparison with EGM from Ilímaussaq to further our understanding of peralkaline magma chambers processes. The geochemical signatures of Lovozero and Ilímaussaq EGM are distinct. In Lovozero EGMs are clearly enriched in Na + K, Mn, Ti, Sr and poorer Fe compared to EGM from Ilímaussaq, whereas the contents of ΣREE + Y and Cl are comparable. Ilímaussaq EGMs are depleted in Sr and Eu, which points to plagioclase fractionation and an olivine basaltic parent. The absence of negative Sr and Eu anomalies suggest a melanephelinitic parent for Lovozero. In Lovozero the cumulus EGMs shows decrease in Fe/Mn, Ti, Nb, Sr, Ba and all HREE up the magmatic layering, while REE + Y and Cl contents increase. In Lovozero EGM spectra show only a weak enrichment in LREE relative to HREE. The data demonstrates a systematic stratigraphic variation in major and trace elements compositions of liquidus EGM in the Eudialyte Complex, the latest and uppermost part of Lovozero. The distribution of elements follows a broadly linear trend. Despite intersample variations, the absence of abrupt changes in the trends suggests continuous crystallization and accumulation in the magma chamber. The crystallization was controlled by elemental distribution between EGM and coexisting melt during gravitational accumulation of crystals and/or mushes in a closed system. A different pattern is noted in the Ilimaussaq Complex. The elemental trends have variable steepness up the magmatic succession especially in the uppermost zones of the Complex. The differences between the two complexes are suggested to be related dynamics of the crystallization and accumulation processes in the magma chambers, such as arrival of new liquidus phases and redistributions by mush melts.

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Long-term scenario pathways to assess the potential of best available technologies and cost reduction of avoided carbon emissions in an existing 100% renewable regional power system: A case study of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), Pakistan

Energy ◽

10.1016/j.energy.2021.119855 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 221 ◽

pp. 119855

Author(s):

Arif Hussain ◽

Usama Perwez ◽

Kafait Ullah ◽

Chul-Hwan Kim ◽

Nosheen Asghar

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Cost Reduction ◽

Regional Power ◽

Best Available Technologies ◽

System A ◽

Gilgit Baltistan

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By Slow Degrees: Two Centuries of Social Reproduction and Mobility in Britain

Sociological Research Online ◽

10.5153/sro.1493 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 37-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Paul Lambert ◽

Kenneth Prandy ◽

Wendy Bottero

Keyword(s):

Social Mobility ◽

Social Reproduction ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Time Frame ◽

Quality Of Data ◽

Term Change ◽

Parental Background ◽

Long Term Trends

This paper discusses long term trends in patterns of intergenerational social mobility in Britain. We argue that there is convincing empirical evidence of a small but steady linear trend towards increasing social mobility throughout the period 1800-2004. Our conclusions are based upon the construction and analysis of an extended micro-social dataset, which combines records from an historical genealogical study, with responses from 31 sample surveys conducted over the period 1963-2004. There has been much previous study of trends in social mobility, and little consensus on their nature. We argue that this dissension partly results from the very slow pace of change in mobility rates, which makes the time-frame of any comparison crucial, and raises important methodological questions about how long-term change in mobility is best measured. We highlight three methodological difficulties which arise when trying to draw conclusions over mobility trends - concerning the extent of controls for life course effects; the quality of data resources; and the measurement of stratification positions. After constructing a longitudinal dataset which attempts to confront these difficulties, our analyses provide robust evidence which challenges hitherto more popular, politicised claims of declining or unchanging mobility. By contrast, our findings suggest that Britain has moved, and continues to move, steadily towards increasing equality in the relationship between occupational attainment and parental background.

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Typing ofSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis isolates from 51 outbreaks in Germany between 1974 and 2009 by a novel phage-typing scheme

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026881300037x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 142 (1) ◽

pp. 75-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

T. MILLER ◽

P. G. BRAUN ◽

K. FEHLHABER ◽

R. PRAGER ◽

Y. PFEIFER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

High Stability ◽

Animal Species ◽

Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Phage Typing ◽

Typing Method ◽

Typing Scheme ◽

Strain Collection ◽

Community Outbreaks

SUMMARYWe developed a new phage-typing method and evaluated its application in combination withXbaI macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as a useful tool for the long-term epidemiology ofSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis. In this study, we investigated 1008S.Infantis isolates recovered from humans, various animal species and food products from 1973 to 2009. The typing scheme is based on 17 typing phages, defining 61 different patterns within the strain collection. The experiments showed that phage typing is a reliable method for differentiation of outbreaks and sporadic clinical cases as well as for elucidation of chains of transmission. The combined analysis of phage typing and PFGE revealed the existence of epidemic clones with a high stability over time like PT29/XB27 which was identified in nosocomial salmonellosis, community outbreaks as well as in broiler chickens from 2002 to 2009.

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Goat and Sheep Grazing in Shrub-Infested Semi-arid Woodlands of New South Wales.

The Rangeland Journal ◽

10.1071/rj9860140 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 140 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

BH Downing

Keyword(s):

Animal Species ◽

New South ◽

Economic Implications ◽

Dietary Preferences ◽

South Wales ◽

Continuous Grazing ◽

Local Observation ◽

Grazing Systems ◽

Western Division

Examination of data on dietary preferences of sheep, goats and cattle suggests that different grazing systems are desirable for each of the three major woodland types (belah-rosewood, mulga, poplar box) examined. Competition for herbs, frequently palatable to all animal species, indicates that goats and sheep are unsuitable for joint use either in heavily wooded country or where annual herbaceous production is less than 200 kg-ha. Supplementary feeding, fire and judicious stocking are proposed as a strategy for inducing goats to eat a proportion of unpalatable shrubs. The literature provides little helpful information on how rangelands in the Western Division should be managed. No reports are given on comparisons of grazing systems, such as rotational grazing, rotational resting, and continuous grazing. No guidance is given on grazing after burning of the rangeland. Recommendations are generally against the use of goats for control of woody plants, whereas local observation shows this to be an apparently effective practice. The recommendations are mostly based on experimental procedures which, although suitable for detecting animal dietary preferences in the short term, are less appropriate for investigation of the effects of grazing on range condition in the long term. Some suggestions are made towards a different approach for: investigating the effects of grazing by sheep and goats on rangeland condition, and the economic implications of this in terms of animal production.

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Is the water permit system a panacea or a bed of inefficiency? The case of South Africa

Water Policy ◽

10.2166/wp.2013.021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 570-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Devi Datt Tewari ◽

Saidou Baba Oumar

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Water Markets ◽

Water Management System ◽

Administrative Costs ◽

System A ◽

Access To Water ◽

License System ◽

Institutional Efficiency

Although South Africa has adopted a very modern permit/license system to control access to water as a resource, the attainment of the lofty objectives (efficiency, equity and sustainability) of the National Water Act of 1998 depends on two critical factors: (1) the institutional efficiency of the water management system; and (2) the development of water markets and their efficient functioning. This study lists a number of concerns that the Act is not geared to resolve efficiently or in a timely manner. These concerns include the high administrative costs of implementation, poor incentives for long-term investments, bureaucratic inefficiency, practical problems in water pricing and adaptability to climate change threat. There is a need to re-think the ways and means with which to make water distribution more efficient in the country. One possible solution would be to develop water markets in the country.

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