scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Temperature and Rainfall Trend in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Khavse ◽  
N Deshmukh ◽  
N Manikandan ◽  
J Chaudhary ◽  
D Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Rainfall Trend ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Rainfall Trends ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Level Of Significance

The temperature and rainfall trends are analysed for meteorological data of Labandi station, Raipur district in Chhattisgarh, India over approximately last three decades stretching between years 1971 to 2013. The long–term change in temperature and rainfall has been assessed by linear trend analysis. The increasing trend in mean maximum temperature (MMAX) and total mean rainfall (TMRF) is confirmed by Mann-Kendall trend test. It is observed that in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh region, the December MMAX temperature has increased by 1.1008 0C and annual MMAX temperature has increased by 0.0256 0C whereas the highest decrease in TMRF occurs is observed in August @ 1.4385 mm per year (data base 1971-2013) and annual TMRF quantity has increased by 8.084 mm during the same period. Annual MMAX temperature has shown increasing trend which is statistically non- significant at 5% level of significance whereas annual TMRF has shown increasing trend which is statistically non- significant at 5% level of significance.

scholarly journals Seasonal Trend Analysis in Rainfall and Temperature for Udaipur District of Rajasthan

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-319
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Deoli ◽  
Saroj Rana
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Temperature Trend ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rainfall Trend ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Level Of Significance

The present study is mainly focused on to detection of changing trend in rainfall and temperature for Udaipur district situated in the Rajasthan state of India. The district situated in the western part of India which obtained less rainfall as compared with the average rainfall of India. In the present article, the approach has been tried to analysis to detect rainfall trend, maximum temperature trend and minimum temperature trend for the area. For this daily rainfall data of 39 years (1975 to 2013) add seasonally and the temperature has been calculated by averaging of daily temperature for a period of 39 years. For determining the trend the year has been shared out into four seasons like the winter season, pre-monsoon season, monsoon season and post-monsoon season. To obtained magnitude of trend San’s slope estimator test has been used and for significance in trend Mann-Kendall statistics test has been applied. The results obtained for the study show significantly decreasing rainfall trend for the season winter and season post-monsoon whereas pre-monsoon and monsoon show increasing rainfall trend. The maximum temperature of pre-monsoon and monsoon months shows a significantly increasing trend whereas, in minimum temperature, winter season and pre-monsoon season shows an increasing trend which is significant at 10% level of significance and post-monsoon shows a decreasing trend which is also significant at 10% level of significance.

scholarly journals By Slow Degrees: Two Centuries of Social Reproduction and Mobility in Britain

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lambert ◽  
Kenneth Prandy ◽  
Wendy Bottero
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Parental Background ◽  
Long Term Trends

This paper discusses long term trends in patterns of intergenerational social mobility in Britain. We argue that there is convincing empirical evidence of a small but steady linear trend towards increasing social mobility throughout the period 1800-2004. Our conclusions are based upon the construction and analysis of an extended micro-social dataset, which combines records from an historical genealogical study, with responses from 31 sample surveys conducted over the period 1963-2004. There has been much previous study of trends in social mobility, and little consensus on their nature. We argue that this dissension partly results from the very slow pace of change in mobility rates, which makes the time-frame of any comparison crucial, and raises important methodological questions about how long-term change in mobility is best measured. We highlight three methodological difficulties which arise when trying to draw conclusions over mobility trends - concerning the extent of controls for life course effects; the quality of data resources; and the measurement of stratification positions. After constructing a longitudinal dataset which attempts to confront these difficulties, our analyses provide robust evidence which challenges hitherto more popular, politicised claims of declining or unchanging mobility. By contrast, our findings suggest that Britain has moved, and continues to move, steadily towards increasing equality in the relationship between occupational attainment and parental background.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF TREND AND VARIABILITY OF SUMMER SEASON VISIBILITY AND TEMPERATURE IN SAHEL ZONE OF NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Balarabe ◽  
Bello Saadu
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Threat To Life

The variation of climate in the past on different time scale in Nigeria has generated a lot of concern and is still posing a threat to life and properties. Meteorologist and climatologist in Nigeria are working hard to address this problem. This study assessed the recent trend and variability of summer season`s visibility and temperature for Sahel zone of Nigeria. The long-term (1988-2017) summer seasons meteorological data derived from National Oceanic Atmospheric Agency-National Climate Data Centre (NOAA-NCDC) were used. A significant decreasing trend in visibility and increasing trend in temperature were detected during the entire period of study. The overall averages were 14.71 ± 4.17 km and 24.54 ± 4.19  respectively. The trends were found more significance in the last ten years. The Decades` means are 19.38± 3.05, 13.76 ± 2.09, 10.98 ± 1.28 km  and 20.60 ± 4.72◦C, 25.78 ± 2.54 ◦C and 27.25 ± 0.79  ◦C for the first, second and third decades respectively. Standardize anomaly chart revealed that over the period of study, positive visibility anomaly correspond to negative temperature anomaly and vice visa. Their correlation at p< 0.05 significant level showed a negative relationship of 0.54 over the thirty years period. However, decade analysis showed a positive correlation of 0.47 and negative correlations of 0.61 and 0.74 for the first, second and third decades respectively. These suggest that summer season of the recent decades are dustier than the previous ones and that, summer season of the recent decades become hotter than the previous decades

scholarly journals Investigation of Climate Change Anomaly by Using Nonparametric Test for Navsari District of South Gujarat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-275
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rainfall Trend ◽  
Regression Slope ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Daily Sunshine

Navsari district of rainfall was shows highest increasing rainfall trend obtained September and negative January, July, October, November and December. The regression slope of the yearly time series is about 12.35 mm/36 years. Maximum temperature shows the highest increasing trend in month October, followed by December and August. The month highest decreasing trend was noticed that January, followed by February and July. The regression slope of the yearly time series is about 0.025°C/36 years. Minimum temperature highest values of the slope (0.109°C/36 year) with high value of regression Slope of determination (0.111°C), the annual Kendall’s tau statistic (0.492°C/36 year), the Kendall Score (310). All the month January to December shows increasing trend. The highest increasing trend found that November, followed by March and July, respectively. This finding shows that all the month shows increasing trend with the range between 0.308°C to 0.390°C. In case of RH-I the highest increasing trend shows September, followed by April and June. Similarly decreasing trend was found that January, followed by February and October, respectively. Relative humidity-II increasing trend was found only at the September month 0.084%, the increasing trend was detected in January to August and October to December, respectively. The strongest trend in the Bright sunshine hour’s decline of all month’s average daily sunshine hours was for the Navsari district. No significant trends were detected in all months and seasons for all weather elements. A similar trend was found in Sen’s slope and regression slope all the months for all the weather elements.

scholarly journals Modeling and Trend Analysis of Climatic Variables of Ranchi District, Jharkhand

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
PAWAN JEET ◽  
KN SINGH ◽  
RAJEEV RANJAN KUMAR ◽  
BISHAL GURANG ◽  
AK SINGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Annual Maximum ◽  
Rainfall Trend ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Increasing Trend

In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the temporal variation in monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall, and average annual maximum and minimum temperature for the period 1901-2015 over Ranchi district of Jharkhand, India. Long-term changes in rainfall, temperature was determined by Man-Kendall rank statistics and Sen’s slope, and forecasting of time series was determined by ARIMA model. The results revealed that there was significant decrease of average rainfall in the month of February and August while increase in month May and Pre-monsoon season. Average rainfall in the month of February, May, August and Pre-monsoon season showing insignificant increasing as well as decreasing rainfall trend. The average annual maximum and minimum temperature showing decreasing and increasing trend over Ranchi district during the period 1901 to 2015. This paper also describes five-year prediction of rainfall and temperature climatic variables.

Application of Mann-Kendall trend test and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in hydroclimatological change detection – A Case Study of Urmia Lake watershed, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshanak Tootoonchi ◽  
Vahid Nourani ◽  
Soghra Andaryani ◽  
Faranak Tootoonchi
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Urmia Lake ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
West Azerbaijan ◽  
East Azerbaijan

&lt;p&gt;Urmia Lake watershed, which is located at the northwest of Iran has gone through crucial hydroclimatological changes that resulted in Urmia Lake Desiccation. Long term average temperature and precipitation trends, precipitation pattern transition and changes in precipitation-snow timing are some of the hydroclimatological changes that have occurred in this watershed. Aforementioned changes are provoked by anthropogenic activities such as land cover changes, booming urbanization, unauthorized exploitations of Urmia Lake and inefficient crop management, followed by natural factors that could be caused by climate change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study we aim to address contributing hydroclimatological factors and vegetation changes that resulted in Urmia Lake desiccation. In order to examine the vegetation changes in this watershed, we analyzed remote sensing data. In this regard, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)-based models for two sub-basins in East Azerbaijan province and West Azerbaijan -located at two sides of Urmia Lake watershed- are developed by an ensemble of satellite data from 1990 to 2019. Data of Landsat 5 TM satellite from 1990 to 2013 and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite from 2013 to 2019, are collected and analyzed to consider vegetation changes. Hydrological data for precipitation, temperature and Urmia Lake water level elevation are also considered for analyzing hydroclimatic impacts. The adequacy of NDVI-based models and long term hydrological time series are checked by Mann-Kendall trend test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The evaluation of NDVI-based models shows an increasing trend in vegetation. In comparison, the studied sub-basin in West Azerbaijan province has a higher level of increasing trend than the sub-basin in East Azerbaijan province. The evaluation of precipitation time series shows a decreasing trend and temperature data exhibit an increasing trend. The trend pattern changes validates the hypothesis that increasing trend of vegetation in Urmia Lake watershed is in proportion to the escalating agricultural activities. Furthermore, the escalation of land use is higher in West Azerbaijan province where there exists more agricultural activities.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Urbanization Effect on the Diurnal Temperature Range: Different Roles under Solar Dimming and Brightening*

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 1022-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Hong Ye ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Yongzhu Xiong ◽  
Cuiping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Urbanization Effect ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Based on the 1960–2009 meteorological data from 559 stations across China, the urbanization effect on the diurnal temperature range (DTR) was evaluated in this study. Different roles of urbanization were specially detected under solar dimming and solar brightening. During the solar dimming time, both urban and rural stations showed decreasing trends in maximum temperature (Tmax) because of decreased radiation, suggesting that the dimming effects are not only evident in urban areas but also in rural areas. However, minimum temperature (Tmin) increased more substantially in urban areas than in rural areas during the dimming period, resulting in a greater decrease in the DTR in the urban areas. When the radiation reversed from dimming to brightening, the change in the DTR became different. The Tmax increased faster in rural areas, suggesting that the brightening could be much stronger in rural areas than in urban areas. Similar trends of Tmin between urban and rural areas appeared during the brightening period. The urban DTR continued to show a decreasing trend because of the urbanization effect, while the rural DTR presented an increasing trend. The remarkable DTR difference in the urban and rural areas showed a significant urbanization effect in the solar brightening time.

Long-term yield variability and detection of site-specific climate-smart nutrient management practices for rice–wheat systems: an empirical approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. SUBASH ◽  
B. GANGWAR ◽  
S. SINGH ◽  
A. K. KOSHAL ◽  
V. KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Increasing Trend

SUMMARYIdentification of climate-smart nutrient management practices will overcome the ill effects of extreme climate variability on agricultural production under projected climate change scenarios. The rice–wheat cropping system is the major system used in India: using long-term yield data from Integrated Nutrient Management experiments on this system, the present study analysed trends in weather parameters and grain yield under different nutrient management practices. Twelve treatments with different combinations of inorganic (chemical fertilizer) and organic (farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM) and crop residue) sources of nutrients were compared with farmers’ conventional practices. A significant increasing trend was noticed for rainfall during the rice season at Kalyani and Navsari, of the order of 137·7 and 154·2 mm/decade, respectively. The highest increase in maximum temperature was seen at Palampur (1·62 °C/decade) followed by Ludhiana (1·14 °C/decade). At all the sites except Ludhiana and Kanpur, the yield of the rice–wheat system showed an increasing trend ranging from 0·08 t/ha/year in Jabalpur to 0·011 t/ha/year in Navsari, under the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer application. A significant decreasing trend of 0·055 t/ha was found in Ludhiana. For most of the sites, a combination of half the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer and either FYM or GM to provide the remainder of the N required was sufficient to maintain productivity. The top three climate-resilient integrated nutrient management practices were identified for all the study sites. Thus, the present study highlights the adaptive capacity of different integrated nutrient management practices to rainfall and temperature extremes under rice–wheat cropping system in distinctive agro-ecological zones of India.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Climate Change and Adaptation of Climate Smart Technology by the Tea Smallholders: A Case Study of Ratnapura District in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
N. W. M. G. S. Navaratne ◽  
W. A. D. P. Wanigasundera ◽  
P. C. B. Alahakoon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum Temperature ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Climate change impacts such as rainfall variability, rise in ambient temperature, extreme dry spells and excessive wet periods cause low productivity and quality of tea. Ratnapura District in Sri Lanka, having the largest number of tea smallholders, is highly vulnerable to natural disasters and other negative impacts of climate change. This study was conducted to assess the status of climate change using long term meteorological data, to determine the perception of tea smallholders on short term changes in the climate and to assess the level of adaptation of climate-smart technologies by tea smallholders. Four Divisional Secretariat Divisions were selected for the study. Using multistage sampling, a hundred farmers were selected for the social survey. Meteorological data for 42 years was collected from the Department of Agriculture Sri Lanka. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis. Results showed that there was a significant (p<.05) increasing trend in daily maximum temperature. A slightly increasing trend in consecutive wet days was also observed. The perception of the majority of smallholders about changes in daytime temperature, number of wet days and rainfall distribution was in line with actual changes. Further, the overall level of adaptation to climate-smart technologies was at a moderate level. Shade management practices were at a higher level while moisture conservation practices were at a lower level. It was pivotal to make people aware of the severity of the impacts of climate change on their livelihoods and introduce climate-smart technologies to manage the consequences of extreme weather events.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Variations of Temperature in the Punjab Province, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Sohail Abbas ◽  
Safdar Ali Shirazi ◽  
Nausheen Mazhar ◽  
Kashif Mahmood ◽  
Ashfak Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Slope Estimator ◽  
Level Of Significance

Identifying the temperature change at a regional level is one of the essential parameters to determine the intensity of climate change. The current investigation provides an examination of changing trends of temperature in the Punjab province from 1970 to 2019. Sen's slope estimator method is applied to monthly data of mean temperature (Tmean), maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) to calculate the rate of temperature change. Statistical methods were used to find out the level of significance in terms of negative or positive trends to examine the variability among various weather observatories. Moreover, predicted values have also been observed for a detailed analysis of temperature variability and trends. Significant and pronounced changes in the mean temperature (T mean) are distinguished all over the Punjab regions with an increasing trend from North to South Punjab. In the case of maximum temperature (Tmax), a faster rate of rising in temperature is observed over the Southern and Western regions of Punjab. In contrast, the minimum temperature (Tmin) shows an increasing trend in Central Punjab. The findings provide detailed insight to policymakers for the planning of mitigating efforts and adaptation strategies in response to climate change.

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