scholarly journals Updates on Immune Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimota Nambam ◽  
◽  
Michael J Haller ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Immune Therapies ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
New Onset

Multiple clinical trials investigating the efficacy and safety of immunotherapeutic interventions in new onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) have failed to yield long term clinical benefit. Lack of efficacy has frequently been attributed to an incomplete understanding of the pathways involved in T1D and the use of single immunotherapeutic agents. Recent mechanistic studies have improved our knowledge of the complex etiopathogenesis of T1D. This in turn has provided the framework for new and ongoing clinical trials in new onset T1D patients and at-risk subjects. Focus has also shifted towards the potential benefits of synergistic combinatorial approaches, both in terms of efficacy and the potential for reduced side effects. These efforts seek to develop intervention strategies that will preserve β-cell function, and ultimately prevent and reverse clinical disease.

β-cell function in new-onset type 1 diabetes and immunomodulation with a heat-shock protein peptide (DiaPep277): a randomised, double-blind, phase II trial

The Lancet ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 358 (9295) ◽  
pp. 1749-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itamar Raz ◽  
Dana Elias ◽  
Ann Avron ◽  
Merana Tamir ◽  
Muriel Metzger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Phase Ii Trial ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
New Onset

scholarly journals Case Report: Markedly Long-Term Preservation of Pancreatic β‐Cell Function in a Subject With Elderly Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Showing High-Titer Autoimmune Antibodies for Over 4 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Shigemoto ◽  
Takatoshi Anno ◽  
Fumiko Kawasaki ◽  
Kohei Kaku ◽  
Hideaki Kaneto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Destruction ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Long Term Preservation

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is mainly triggered by autoimmune β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Regarding the speed of β-cell destruction, there are large variations depending on age. In some adult cases, sufficient β-cell function is sometimes retained for a relatively long period and eventually they become dependent on insulin for survival. It is known that even in subjects with T1DM showing high titers of such antibodies, insulin secretory capacity is preserved under several conditions such as “honeymoon” period and slowly progressive T1DM (SPIDDM). Herein, we reported the acute onset T1DM subject with long-term preservation of β-cell function, although his anti-GAD antibody and anti-IA-2 antibody titers were very high for more than 4 years. This case is very important in that his β-cell function was preserved with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alone. This means that there are large variations in the speed of β-cell destruction in the onset of T1DM.

scholarly journals Residual β cell function in long-term type 1 diabetes associates with reduced incidence of hypoglycemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose A. Gubitosi-Klug ◽  
Barbara H. Braffett ◽  
Susan Hitt ◽  
Valerie Arends ◽  
Diane Uschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Term Type

scholarly journals Low-Dose Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) Preserves β-Cell Function and Improves HbA1cin New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1917-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Haller ◽  
Desmond A. Schatz ◽  
Jay S. Skyler ◽  
Jeffrey P. Krischer ◽  
Brian N. Bundy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Onset Type ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
New Onset

scholarly journals Immunotherapy Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of Distinct Stages of Type 1 Diabetes: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novella Rapini ◽  
Riccardo Schiaffini ◽  
Alessandra Fierabracci
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Autoimmune Attack ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Microvascular And Macrovascular Complications

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by destruction of pancreatic β cells, culminating in absolute insulin deficiency. The goals of Type 1 diabetes care, established by the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), are to achieve good glycemic control, to prevent hyperglycaemia (which is associated with long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications) and to avoid recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia (which may have adverse effects on cognitive function). However, despite continuing optimization of insulin therapy regimes, the actual hormonal substitutive administration acts only to treat the symptoms without an effect on disease pathology and etiopathogenesis. In recent decades, a great deal of interest has been focused on prevention approaches in high-risk individuals, based on the hypothesis that a therapeutic intervention, if applied at the early stage of disease, might contribute to maintaining endogenous β cell function by preserving the residual β cell reservoir from autoimmune attack. This manuscript provides an overview of the most important immunotherapeutic interventions established so far for Type 1 diabetes treatment at different stages of disease that have reached an advanced stage of assessment.

scholarly journals 100 years post insulin: immunotherapy as the next frontier in Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A Pearson ◽  
Eoin F McKinney ◽  
Lucy S K Walker
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterised by T cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas. Similar to other autoimmune diseases, the incidence of T1D is increasing globally. The discovery of insulin 100 years ago dramatically changed the outlook for people with T1D, preventing this from being a fatal condition. As we celebrate the centenary of this milestone, therapeutic options for T1D are once more at a turning point. Years of effort directed at developing immunotherapies are finally starting to pay off, with signs of progress in new onset and even preventative settings. Here we review a selection of immunotherapies that have shown promise in preserving β cell function and highlight future considerations for immunotherapy in the T1D setting.

The severity of clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes in children does not significantly influence the pattern of residual β-cell function and long-term metabolic control

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Salardi ◽  
Stefano Zucchini ◽  
Alessandro Cicognani ◽  
Elena Corbelli ◽  
Roberta Santoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function
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