scholarly journals Current and Emerging Therapies in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Hema Vankayala ◽  
Ulka Vaishampayan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
New Targets ◽  
The Past ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
Emerging Therapies ◽  
The Face

The face of metastatic prostate cancer (PC) has been remarkably reshaped with the current advances in its management. Kudos to the cuttingedge research that has pinpointed new targets and agents. The main stumbling block in this disease is progression on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the development of castrate resistance. Despite this phenomenon, the majority of patients with PC continue to rely on androgen receptors (ARs) for disease growth and progression. Several of these newer agents directly or indirectly target ARs. Many drugs have earned US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in the past decade by showing survival benefit, which is the gold standard endpoint in all the pivotal PC trials. An array of new targets and agents are being explored currently. The future of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) appears exciting with the expanding armamentarium; however, the challenges of affordability and sequencing of the agents remain.

Sex Hormones and Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Auchus ◽  
Nima Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prostate Cancer Research ◽  
Prostate Cancers ◽  
Androgen Independent ◽  
Transition Studies

The prostate is an androgen-dependent organ that develops only in male mammals. Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Metastatic prostate cancer initially retains its androgen dependence, and androgen-deprivation therapy often leads to disease control; however, the cancer inevitably progresses despite treatment as castration-resistant prostate cancer, the lethal form of the disease. Although it was assumed that the cancer became androgen independent during this transition, studies over the last two decades have shown that these tumors evade treatment via mechanisms that augment acquisition of androgens from circulating precursors, increase sensitivity to androgens and androgen precursors, bypass the androgen receptor, or a combination of these mechanisms. This review summarizes the history of prostate cancer research leading to the contemporary view of androgen dependence for prostate cancers and the current treatment approaches based on this modern paradigm.

scholarly journals Predictors for progression of metastatic prostate cancer to castration-resistant prostate cancer in Indians

2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (7) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Anil Mandhani ◽  
SanjoyKumar Sureka ◽  
Ruchir Maheshwari ◽  
Shalini Agnihotri ◽  
Nilay Mitash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant

Expression pattern of androgen receptors, AR-V7 and AR-567es, in circulating tumor cells and paired plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (22) ◽  
pp. 6671-6680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areti Strati ◽  
Martha Zavridou ◽  
Evangelos Bournakis ◽  
Sophia Mastoraki ◽  
Evi Lianidou
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor Signaling ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Signaling Inhibitors ◽  
Androgen Receptor Splice Variant

Androgen-receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) is a highly promising liquid biopsy predictive biomarker showing primary or acquired resistance to novel androgen receptor signaling inhibitors in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

scholarly journals The Current Landscape of Treatment in Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117955491983392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelle El-Amm ◽  
Jeanny B Aragon-Ching
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Early Data ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
Variable Potential

Non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) is a heterogeneous disease with variable potential in developing into overt metastases. It is an area of increased unmet need in advanced prostate cancer and for which there had been no great treatments until recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of 2 novel anti-androgens apalutamide and enzalutamide, which were both approved given benefit in metastasis-free survival. Early data on the use of darolutamide, another novel anti-androgen, are also explored. This review discusses the pivotal trials that led to the approval of apalutamide and enzalutamide in the nmCRPC setting and discusses the key promises and challenges with the use of these agents.

Use of epirubicin, carboplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (ECarboF) as a second-line treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 173-173
Author(s):  
U. B. McGovern ◽  
S. J. Harland
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
First Line ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Docetaxel Chemotherapy ◽  
Line Chemotherapy

173 Background: ECarboF chemotherapy is an active first line chemotherapy treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. We have now investigated its efficacy and toxicity in patients who have progressed during or after docetaxel chemotherapy. Methods: 37 patients with metastatic prostate cancer who had received ECarboF chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed from a five year period (2005-2010). All patients had previously received first-line docetaxel chemotherapy and had either progressed following treatment (n=17) or were docetaxel refractory (n=20). Patients received epirubicin 50mg/m2 iv d1, carboplatin (AUC 5) d1, fluorouracil 440mg/m2 d1, d15 and folinic acid 20mg/m2 d1, d15 on a q4w cycle. 20% dose reductions were made for the first cycle in patients with poorer performance status. PSA was measured before each cycle of treatment and all patients were assessed for toxicity. Results: Patients had a median age of 70 years (range 48-77), median baseline PSA of 226.5 ng/mL (range 9.6-1,580) and the median number of ECarboF chemotherapy cycles received was 6 (range 1-10). 65% (n=24) of patients were ECOG 0-1, the remaining 35% (n=13) were ECOG 2-3. 16% (n=6) patients had a ≥ 30% decline in PSA and 16% (n=6) patients had a ≥ 50% decline in PSA. 35% (n=13) of patients experienced grade 3/4 toxicity, most commonly anaemia (13.5%), neutropenia (13.5%) and thrombocytopenia (8.1%) with one treatment related death (neutropenic sepsis) during the five year period analysed. Median time to PSA progression was 5.1 months. Conclusions: ECarboF has activity with acceptable toxicity post docetaxel in the treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Although PSA response rates are modest, the time to progression is comparable to that of more toxic regimens. ECarboF should be considered as an active second-line chemotherapy regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Androgen receptors in early and castration resistant prostate cancer: friend or foe?

HORMONES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Pelekanou ◽  
George Notas ◽  
Efstathios Stathopoulos ◽  
Elias Castanas ◽  
Marilena Kampa
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant

scholarly journals Monitoring Patients with Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive and Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Consensus Document

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1908
Author(s):  
Alberto Lapini ◽  
Orazio Caffo ◽  
Giovanni Pappagallo ◽  
Roberto Iacovelli ◽  
Rolando Maria D’Angelillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Monitoring Protocols

Background: The availability of a number of agents that are efficacious in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) has led to them being used sequentially, and this has prolonged patient survival. However, in order to maximize their efficacy, clinicians need to be able to obtain a reliable picture of disease evolution by means of monitoring procedures. Methods: As the intensive monitoring protocols used in pivotal trials cannot be adopted in everyday clinical practice and there is no agreement among the available guidelines, a multidisciplinary panel of Italian experts met to develop recommendations for monitoring mPC patients using a modified Delphi method. Results: The consensus project considered methods of clinically, radiographically, and biochemically monitoring patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer undergoing chemotherapy and/or hormonal treatment. The panelists also considered the methods and timing of monitoring castration levels, bone health, and the metabolic syndrome during androgen deprivation therapy. Conclusions: The recommendations, which were drawn up by experts following a formal and validated consensus procedure, will help clinicians face the everyday challenges of monitoring metastatic prostate cancer patients.

scholarly journals ASC-J9 Suppresses Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth through Degradation of Full-length and Splice Variant Androgen Receptors

Neoplasia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-IN12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Yamashita ◽  
Kuo-Pao Lai ◽  
Kun-Lung Chuang ◽  
Defeng Xu ◽  
Hiroshi Miyamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Splice Variant ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant
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