scholarly journals The Relationship Between Family Caregivers’ Anticipatory Grief and Severity of Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Gavin ◽  
Mu Shan ◽  
Nicole Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Anticipatory Grief ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Relationship

Background/Objective: Anticipatory grief is the process of experiencing normal bereavement before the physical death of a significant person. To date, anticipatory grief has been related to higher levels of caregiver depression, anxiety, subjective burden, and poorer problem solving. Additionally, higher levels anticipatory grief are observed in caregivers of those with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) compared to caregivers of other conditions. The primary objective of this analysis is to determine the relationship between caregiver anticipatory grief and dementia severity, as measured by the Anticipatory Grief Scale (AGS) and Dementia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS), respectively. Methods: Multiple regression analyses were performed on data for ADRD caregivers (n=56) enrolled in the IU Telephone Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Caregivers (TACTICs) trial; an RCT testing an ACT intervention for ADRD caregiver anxiety. Inclusion criteria included identifying as the primary caregiver of an ADRD patient and clinically significant anxiety (GAD7 score >10). Results: The average age of caregivers was 61.9 years, 41.1% were spouses, 83.9% were white and 14.3% were black. Mean anticipatory grief scores were notably higher (84.6) compared to the previously reported means across the literature. Multiple regression models showed a caregivers’ anticipatory grief is not significantly associated with the patients’ dementia severity as measured by the Dementia Severity Rating Scale (t=0.87). Results also revealed that higher levels of caregiver burden, as measured by the Zarit Burden Index, are significantly associated with more anticipatory grief (t=< 0.1). Conclusion and Potential Impact: Understanding these relationships contributes to better understanding ADRD caregivers, identifying “high-risk” caregivers, and informing future interventions and care.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Family Caregivers’ Anticipatory Grief and Severity of Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 963-964
Author(s):  
Nicole Gavin ◽  
Mu Shan ◽  
Shelly Johns ◽  
Katherine Judge ◽  
Nicole Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Anticipatory Grief ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Severity Of Dementia ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Anticipatory grief is the process of experiencing normal bereavement before the physical death of a significant person. To date, anticipatory grief has been related to higher levels of caregiver depression, anxiety, subjective burden, and poorer problem solving. Additionally, higher levels anticipatory grief are observed in caregivers of those with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) compared to caregivers of those with mild cognitive impairment, implying a relationship between disease severity and caregiver anticipatory grief. Analyses were performed on data for ADRD caregivers (n=56) enrolled in the IU Telephone Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Caregiver (TACTICs) trial; an RCT evaluating an ACT intervention for ADRD caregivers with anxiety. Inclusion criteria included identifying as the primary caregiver of an ADRD patient, and clinically significant anxiety (GAD7 score &gt;10). The average age of caregivers was 61.9 years, 41.1% were spouses, 83.9% were white and 14.3% were black. Mean anticipatory grief scores were notably higher (84.6) compared to the previously reported means across the literature (74.9). Using multiple regression models, we determined a caregivers’ anticipatory grief, as measured by the anticipatory grief scale, is not significantly associated with the patients’ dementia severity, as measured by the Dementia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS) (p=0.66), Results revealed that higher levels of caregiver burden, as measured by the Zarit Burden Index, are significantly associated with more anticipatory grief (p&lt; 0.01). Understanding these relationships contributes to a better understanding of ADRD caregivers, identifying “high-risk” caregivers, and informing future interventions and care.

scholarly journals Correlating Dementia Severity Rating Scale and Schonberg Index Mortality Risk Scores to Aid Caregiver Medical Decision-Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myranda Grismore ◽  
Nicole Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Medical Decision Making ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
The Relationship

Background/Hypothesis:  The 16 million unpaid caregivers serving individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) are more likely to participate in medical decision-making than caregivers of older adults with other chronic conditions. Their decisions may reflect the patient’s severity of cognitive impairment and life expectancy. Analysis of the relationship between these two factors is needed to improve the prognostic information provided to caregivers. ADRD severity can be measured using the Dementia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS), a validated, informant-based multiple-choice questionnaire that assesses functional and cognitive abilities. Life expectancy can be estimated using the Schonberg Index (SI), a validated, predictive mortality index. We hypothesize that DSRS and SI scores will be correlated.    Methods:  A retrospective analysis of data from 230 dyads enrolled in the Decisions about Cancer Screening in Alzheimer’s Disease (DECAD) study was performed. The DECAD study is an ongoing randomized controlled trial enrolling dyads of older women with ADRD and their caregivers to test the benefits of a mammography decision aid. In the study, caregivers completed the DSRS and SI questions. DSRS and SI scores were compared using linear regression analysis. Additionally, 20 DECAD interviews were qualitatively evaluated to explore themes of medical decision-making among ADRD caregivers.    Results:  DSRS scores and SI scores were weakly correlated, yielding an R2 value of 0.1. Interviews revealed that caregivers most frequently considered physician advice, comorbidity status, and patient preferences in decision-making. 67% of moderate ADRD caregivers and 36% of mild ADRD caregivers cited cognitive impairment severity as an influential factor.    Conclusions/Implications:  Further analysis controlling for time since diagnosis will better establish the relationship between DSRS and SI scores. The resulting increase in accuracy of ADRD prognostic information will aid physicians and caregivers in medical decision-making. Furthermore, understanding what influences caregiver decisions will allow for the provision of improved guidance from physicians. 

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Dementia Severity & Caregiver Preferences for Decision Making Role Regarding Mammography

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 992-992
Author(s):  
Molly Frank ◽  
Seho Park ◽  
Kathleen Lane ◽  
Alexia Torke ◽  
Mara Schonberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Diagnose Breast Cancer ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) and breast cancer increases with age. Despite being one of the most effective ways to diagnose breast cancer early, mammography in ADRD patients comes with an increased risk of treatment complications and false-positive results. Family caregivers are often involved in the decision-making process, and this study evaluates the relationship between dementia severity and caregiver preferences when making decisions about mammography with the patient alone, and with the patient and doctor. We included 181 caregivers from the Decisions about Cancer screening in Alzheimer’s Disease trial, which uses the Dementia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS) to assess dementia severity and a modified Control Preferences Scale (CPS) to assess each caregiver’s preferred decision-making approach. Multinomial logistic regression models evaluated the relationship between DSRS and CPS categories (active, passive, and collaborative), while controlling for the caregivers’ age, sex, race, education, and relationship to patient. Model 1 examined the caregivers’ preferred role with the patient, and it found a significant association between increased dementia severity and preference for a collaborative approach (p&lt;0.001) or passive approach (p&lt;0.05) compared to an active approach. Model 2 did not find a significant association between dementia severity and the caregivers’ preferred role when making decisions with the patient and doctor; however, those with increased age and education were more likely to prefer an active role. The association between dementia severity, caregiver characteristics, and decision-making preferences supports the need for approaches to support ADRD caregivers with medical decision making.

scholarly journals Rate of Decline in Alzheimer Disease Measured by a Dementia Severity Rating Scale

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon X. Xie ◽  
Douglas C. Ewbank ◽  
Jesse Chittams ◽  
Jason H.T. Karlawish ◽  
Steven E. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
Rate Of Decline

scholarly journals The Dementia Severity Rating Scale Predicts Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes Scores

2014 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Moelter ◽  
Megan A. Glenn ◽  
Sharon X. Xie ◽  
Jesse Chittams ◽  
Christopher M. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Dementia Severity

Studying the relationship between tobacco use and depression between Egyptian patients

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Saad Mohamed ◽  
Mahmoud Mamdouh ElHabiby ◽  
Hussien Ahmed Elkholy ◽  
Ahmed DyaaEldeen Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Although much attention has been drawn to trends in smoking and smoking related diseases in the general population, increasing evidence suggests that patients with mental illness are at a high risk for tobacco use and nicotine addiction. Cigarette smokers usually state the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of smoking, but evidence reports that cigarette smoking may promote negative effect, so that the causal direction of this association still mysterious. It was reported that there is a cause effect relationship between cigarette smoking and depression as multiple studies mentioned that tobacco use increases the risk of symptoms of depression. The relationship between smoking and depression was attributed to genetic predisposition, low level of dopamine, low self-esteem, and coping styles. Aim of the Work The current study aimed to study the pattern of tobacco use among patients with depression, to study the degree of motivation to quit in patients with depression, and to assess severity of suicidal behavior among patients with depression using tobacco. Patients and Methods This is a case control study conducted in patients with the diagnosis of depression attending the outpatient clinic or inpatient of the institute of psychiatry Ain Shams University Hospitals during the academic year 2018-2019. The sample size was consisted of 100 patients and the patients were selected randomly. The relationship between tobacco use and depression between Egyptian patients was assessed using Socioeconomic status scale (SES), Hamilton Rating scale for Depression (HRSD), FagerströmTest for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale-11 (LWDS-11), Reason for quitting scale (RFQ), Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), and ICD-10 symptom checklist for mental disorders. Results The present study showed a statistical significant association between the following scales; Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS), Difference score of Reason for quitting scale (RFQ) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS), and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS). Conclusion Compared to non-depressive persons, the results showed that depressive groups were less desired for quitting smoking.

Performance of the Dementia Severity Rating Scale

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Clark ◽  
Douglas C. Ewbank
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Dementia Severity
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