Nitrogen effects in sugar beet growing: a module for decision support

PIEteR, a field-specific production model for sugarbeet in the Netherlands, is described. The model was developed as a basis for decision support, for example in determining N fertilizer requirements. Root and sugar yields, sugar content, (K + Na) and alpha -amino-N contents, extractability index, operating receipts (a measure for financial returns) and residual nitrogen in leaves are modelled as function of N availability, defined as (N-fertilizer rate + Nmin, 0-60 cm (soil, February)), and included in PIEteR as a so-called 'N-module'. Analysis of experimental data showed that root and sugar yield were optimal at 240 and 200 kg N ha-1, respectively. Sugar content and extractability index decreased, and (K + Na) and alpha -amino-N contents and fresh leaf yield increased with increasing N-availability. The operating receipts were optimal with 180 kg ha-1, or with a nitrogen fertilizer rate of 130 kg ha-1, assuming an Nmin-amount in soil in February of 50 kg ha-1. The results of the analysis were the basis for the functions in the N-module. In an independent test on data of 100 fields, the prediction errors for root and sugar yields and financial results decreased by about 2% and the explained variances increased by about 15% by including the N-module.

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Effect of reduced nitrogen fertilizer rate on nitrogen uptake and yield of spinach (Amaranthus spp.)

International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology ◽

10.20546/ijcrbp.2020.710.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Faridah Manaf ◽

Roslan Ismail ◽

Arina Shairah Abdul Sukor

Keyword(s):

N Uptake ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

N Input ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate ◽

Amaranthus Spp ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

Reducing nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate have beneficial effect on N uptake by plants. Studies on reducing N rate in sweet potato and beetroot to improve their growth and yield are well documented but the effect of decreased N rate on N uptake by leafy vegetables are limited. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different N rate on N uptake of green spinach. Treatments evaluated were (i) soil alone, and (ii) different N fertilizer rate (12, 24, 36, 60, 90 and 120 kg N/ha). Treatments were applied at 14 days after seeding (DAS) at a uniform rate of 2 t/ha. Results revealed that moderate N input between 12 to 36 kg N/ha improved N uptake and yield of spinach compared with lower rate of N input (0 to 12 kg N/ha) but higher N level of 90 kg N/ha was most effective in improving N uptake and fresh yield. The effectiveness of N input at 90 kg N/ha corresponded to the optimum retention of soil N resulting in timely availability of N for uptake by spinach leading to higher yield. Although treatment with excess N (120 kg N/ha) improved N uptake, the decline in yield was because of soil nutrient imbalance that inhibited other nutrients required by plants for growth and development. The findings from the study suggest that reducing N fertilizer rate improves N uptake in leafy vegetables without reducing productivity depending on their specific N requirement.

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Corralling, planting density, and N fertilizer rate effect on soil properties, weed diversity, and maize yield

Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems ◽

10.1080/21683565.2018.1516264 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 243-260

Author(s):

Nurudeen Abdul Rahman ◽

Asamoah Larbi ◽

Andrews Opoku ◽

Francis Marthy Tetteh ◽

Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Rate Effect ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Planting Density ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Weed Diversity ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

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An integrative influence of saline water irrigation and fertilization on the structure of soil bacterial communities

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185962000012x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 157 (9-10) ◽

pp. 693-700

Author(s):

L. J. Chen ◽

C. S. Li ◽

Q. Feng ◽

Y. P. Wei ◽

Y. Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Saline Water ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Water Salinity ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Irrigation Amount ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Irrigation Water Salinity ◽

Soil Bacterial ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

AbstractAlthough numerous studies have investigated the individual effects of salinity, irrigation and fertilization on soil microbial communities, relatively less attention has been paid to their combined influences, especially using molecular techniques. Based on the field of orthogonal designed test and deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing technology, the effects of saline water irrigation amount, salinity level of irrigation water and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate on soil bacterial community structure were investigated. The results showed that the irrigation amount was the most dominant factor in determining the bacterial richness and diversity, followed by the irrigation water salinity and N fertilizer rate. The values of Chao1 estimator, abundance-based coverage estimator and Shannon indices decreased with an increase in irrigation amount while increased and then decreased with an increase in irrigation water salinity and N fertilizer rate. The highest soil bacterial richness and diversity were obtained under the least irrigation amount (25 mm), medium irrigation water salinity (4.75 dS/m) and medium N fertilizer rate (350 kg/ha). However, different bacterial phyla were found to respond distinctively to these three factors: irrigation amount significantly affected the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi; irrigation water salinity mostly affected the members of Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Acidobacteria; and N fertilizer rate mainly influenced the Bacteroidetes' abundance. The results presented here revealed that the assessment of soil microbial processes under combined irrigation and fertilization treatments needed to be more careful as more variable consequences would be established by comparing with the influences based on an individual factor, such as irrigation amount or N fertilizer rate.

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Optimum sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer rate for rice varieties under intermediate deepwater conditions (15–50 cm)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600068763 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 118 (2) ◽

pp. 179-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. R. Sharma ◽

M. D. Reddy

Keyword(s):

Sowing Date ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Excess Water ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate ◽

Crop Stand ◽

Intermediate Deepwater ◽

Better Than ◽

Dwarf Type

SUMMARYIn an intermediate deepwater situation (15–50 cm) at Cuttack, India, three improved high-yielding rice varieties, Utkalprabha (semi-tall), CR 292–8051 (intermediate tall) and Gayatri (semi-dwarf) were sown on 20 May, 30 May and 10 June in 1988 and 1989 with an application of either 0, 20 or 40 kg N/ha at sowing. Tall varieties performed better than the dwarf type but grain yield decreased with delay in sowing. The early-sown crops (20–30 May) germinated with pre-monsoon rains and were established well before water accumulated in the field from mid-June onwards. The late-sown crops (10 June), despite good initial germination, could not withstand immediate waterlogging. The tall variety, Utkalprabha, elongated faster with rising water level and escaped complete submergence; whereas the semi-dwarf Gayatri failed to withstand such extreme excess water stress. Application of N fertilizer up to 40 kg/ha proved beneficial to the crops sown by the end of May. However, with crops sown on 10 June, the application of N could not compensate for the loss in yield due to an inadequate initial crop stand. Therefore, early sowing of tall varieties by the end of May along with a basal application of N fertilizer is recommended for higher productivity of rice under excess water conditions.

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Fertilization Rate and Growth of `Hamlin' Orange Trees Related to Preplant Leaf Nitrogen Levels in the Nursery

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.613e ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 613e-614

Author(s):

Laura Guazzelli ◽

Frederick S. Davies ◽

James J. Ferguson

Keyword(s):

N Fertilizer ◽

Soil Nitrate ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Trunk Diameter ◽

Nitrate N ◽

N Concentration ◽

Leaf N Concentration ◽

N Fertilizer Rate ◽

Leaf N

Our objectives were to determine if leaf N concentration in citrus nursery trees affected subsequent growth responses to fertilization for the first 2 years after planting and how N fertilizer rate affected soil nitrate-N concentration. `Hamlin' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] trees on `Swingle' citrumelo rootstock [C. paradisi Macf. × P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.] were purchased from commercial nurseries and grown in the greenhouse at differing N rates. Three to five months later trees were separated into three groups (low, medium, high) based on leaf N concentration and planted in the field in Oct. 1992 (Expt. 1) or Apr. 1993 (Expt. 2). Trees were fertilized with granular material (8N–2.6P–6.6K) with N at 0 to 0.34 kg/tree yearly. Soil nitrate-N levels were also determined in Expt. 2. Preplant leaf N concentration in the nursery varied from 1.4% to 4.1% but had no effect on trunk diameter, height, shoot growth, and number or dry weight in year 1 (Expt. 1) or years 1 and 2 (Expt. 2) in the field. Similarly, N fertilizer rate had no effect on growth during year 1 in the field. However, trunk diameter increased with increasing N rate in year 2 and reached a maximum with N at 0.17 kg/tree yearly. Shoot number during the second growth flush in year 2 was much lower for nonfertilized vs. fertilized trees. Leaf N concentrations increased during the season for trees with initially low levels even for trees receiving low fertilizer rates. Soil nitrate-N levels were highest at the 0.34-kg rate, and lowest at the 0.11-kg rate. Nitrate-N levels decreased rapidly in the root zone within 2 to 3 weeks of fertilizing.

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Evaluation of Poultry Litter and Organic Fertilizer Rate and Source for Production of Organic Short-day Onions

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.20.2.304 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 304-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

George E. Boyhan ◽

Ray J. Hicks ◽

Reid L. Torrance ◽

Cliff M. Riner ◽

C. Randell Hill

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Linear Effect ◽

Short Day ◽

Application Rates ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

In a 3-year study of poultry litter applications on short-day onion (Allium cepa) production, where rates ranged from 0 to 10 tons/acre, there was an increasing linear effect on total onion yield. Jumbo (≥3 inches diameter) onion yield did not differ with increasing poultry application rates, while medium (≥2 and <3 inches diameter) yields decreased with increasing applications of poultry litter. In addition, organic-compliant fertilizers, 4N–0.9P–2.5K at 150 to 250 lb/acre nitrogen (N), as well as 13N–0P–0K at 150 lb/acre N and in combination with 9N–0P–7.5K totaling 150 lb/acre N were evaluated. Comparison of these commercial organic-compliant fertilizers indicated that there were no differences in total or jumbo yields, while medium yields generally decreased with increased N fertilizer rate.

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Variety and N-Fertilizer Rate Influence the Growth, Yield and Yield Parameters of Baby Corn (Zea mays L.)

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v6n3p118 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md. Asaduzzaman ◽

Mrityunjoy Biswas ◽

Md. Nazrul Islam ◽

Mohammad Mokhlesur Rahman ◽

Rafeza Begum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Growth Yield ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Yield Parameters ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

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Cultivar and N Fertilizer Rate Affect Yield and N use Efficiency in Irrigated Durum Wheat

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2013.03.0159 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 1175-1183 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Zhejun Liang ◽

Kevin F. Bronson ◽

Kelly R. Thorp ◽

Jarai Mon ◽

Mohammad Badaruddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

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No-tillage culture and nitrogen fertilizer management for burley tobacco production

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859616000733 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 155 (4) ◽

pp. 599-612 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. ZOU ◽

R. C. PEARCE ◽

J. H. GROVE ◽

M. S. COYNE

Keyword(s):

N Uptake ◽

N Fertilization ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

No Tillage ◽

Fertilizer Management ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Burley Tobacco ◽

Tobacco Production ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

SUMMARYFew studies have investigated nitrogen (N) fertilizer management in no-tillage (NT) tobacco (Nicotiana tobacumL.) production systems, even though N fertilization is known to influence tobacco cured leaf yield and quality. The present study evaluated how tillage practice and N fertilizer rate affected burley tobacco agronomic performance, plant available nitrogen (PAN) supply, and leaf chemical constituents. In 2012 and 2013, three N fertilizer rates (0, 140 and 280 kg N/ha) were introduced as split-plots within a long-term NT and conventional tillage (CT) (mouldboard plough) comparison study. Results (2007–2013) showed that the effect of tillage on tobacco yield depended on seasonal weather; NT tobacco appeared to have lower yield than CT tobacco in seasons with <450 mm growing season rainfall, but similar yields when rainfall was >500 mm. In 2012 (432 mm rainfall; 84% of the long-term seasonal mean), leaf SPAD reading, leaf nitrate concentration, total nitrogen concentration at the topping day (i.e. removal of flowers/buds at the tops of the plants) and cured leaf nicotine and alkaloid content suggested that N deficiency was more pronounced in NT than CT at the lowest N fertilizer rate. The PAN supply, as measured by a modifiedin situresin core method, was similar in 2012 between NT and CT, suggesting that plant factors may have had a role in N uptake efficiency. This scenario did not repeat in 2013 (706 mm rainfall; 137% of the long-term seasonal mean). Even though N fertilization rates were identical for both tillage practices in 2012 and 2013, PAN was lower, on average, in 2012. Because N uptake is largely the result of mass flow, the impact of reduced root density in NT tobacco would be expected to be more pronounced in a season such as 2012, when water was limited. Banding N close to the tobacco root system and/or side-dressing some portion of N may be recommended strategies to improve N use efficiency in NT burley tobacco production.

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