scholarly journals Growing space in a 35-year-old Pinus taeda stand

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
Marina Gorgete Santos ◽  
Caio Silvestre Lima Sanson ◽  
João Paulo Sardo Madi ◽  
Alexandre Behling ◽  
Mário Dobner Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Probability Density Functions ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Height Data

Considering the economic importance of the Pinus species in Brazil, especially in the southern region, this study was carried out to fill some gaps and assist in the production processes of this species. The specific objective was to evaluate the influence of different growing space regimes in experimental plantations of Pinus taeda L., aged 35 years, without thinning, located in the state of Santa Catarina. Diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height data were collected, and the Gamma and Weibull (3P) probability density functions (PDF) were used to describe the structure of the diameter and height variables, respectively. Then multivariate analysis and discriminant functions were applied to identify the correlation of these variables. For qualitative variables, tree health was assessed in three classifications: 1 - Healthy, with no apparent damage; 2 - Initial stage of deterioration by pests and/or diseases; and 3 - Advanced stage of deterioration by pests and/or diseases. The trunk quality variable was also evaluated in three classifications: 1 - Trunk without apparent defects; 2 - Slightly crooked trunk, however cylindrical and devoid of considerable ramifications; and 3 - Trunk with strong tortuosity or bifurcation. The results showed that growing space directly affected the average diameter. Stands with greater space per tree maximized the variables when considering height and DBH together. Stands with less growing space, on the other hand, favored better trunk quality, and the dominant individuals in height had superior health and trunk quality compared to the others.

scholarly journals EFICIÊNCIA DE DUAS VARIAÇÕES ESTRUTURAIS DO MÉTODO DE AMOSTRAGEM DE ÁREA FIXA EM PLANTAÇÕES DE Pinus taeda

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
João Paulo Druszcz ◽  
Nelson Yoshihiro Nakajima ◽  
Sylvio Pellico Netto ◽  
Sebastião do Amaral Machado ◽  
Nelson Carlos Rosot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Variable Diameter ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Este estudo foi conduzido em três diferentes condições de plantações de Pinus taeda L., sem desbastes, com 10, 9 e 7 anos de idade, 2.000 árvores por hectare e diferentes inclinações no terreno, localizados no Estado do Paraná. O objetivo foi avaliar a eficiência do inventário florestal, utilizando-se a amostragem de área fixa com a estrutura de parcela circular (PC) e conglomerado em cruz (CC), através da análise do comportamento quanto às precisões e eficiências relativas nas estimativas das seguintes variáveis: diâmetro médio (cm), número de árvores por ha, área basal (m2/ha) e volume total (m3/ha). Para isso, utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com 40 unidades amostrais para a PC e 10 unidades para o CC, sendo este composto por 4 subunidades circulares. Concluiu-se que, para as variáveis diâmetro médio (cm), número de árvores (N/ha), área basal (m2/ha) e volume total (m3/ha), indica-se a utilização do método de área fixa com PC, tendo em vista a maior eficiência no levantamento dessas variáveis.Palavras-chave: Eficiência relativa; precisão; reflorestamento. AbstractStructural efficiency of two variations of method of sampling of fixed area in plantations of Pinus taeda. This study was carried out in three different stands of Pinus taeda L., unthinned and aged 10, 9 and 7 years. The stands have 2.000 trees per hectare and are located in Parana State. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of inventories using circular plot (PC) and cross cluster (CC) by analyses of behavior towards accuracies and relative efficiencies for estimation of the following variables: average diameter at breast height, number of trees, basal area and total volume per hectare. For this study, it was taken a sample of 40 units to the PC structure and 10 units for the CC structure, which is composed of four circular subunits, and it was used the randomized block design. It was concluded that for the variable diameter (cm), number of trees (ha), basal area (m2/ha) and total volume (m3/ha) it is indicated the use of PC, since its greater efficiency in the survey of these variables.Keywords: Relative efficiency; accuracy; reforestation.

Should Fall Irrigation be Applied at Nurseries Located on Sands?

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-274
Author(s):  
David B. South ◽  
Hans M. Williams ◽  
Alan Webb
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract In 1985, fall irrigation on an Alpin sand reduced seedling stress and increased production of plantable loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings by 6% (40,000/ac). Applying about 0.5 in. of water/week (for 10 weeks) increased average height by 1 cm, average diameter by 0.4 mm, and average dry weight by 20%. At a cost of $17/ac, the additional irrigations increased crop value by $l,000/ac. Although ceasing fall irrigation has been recommended for nurseries located on sands, biological and economic data are needed to demonstrate that gains from stressing seedlings will offset the potential decrease in production of plantable seedlings. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):273-274.

Identification of representative sampling heights for specific gravity and moisture content in plantation-grown loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finto Antony ◽  
Laurence R. Schimleck ◽  
Richard F. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Sampling Height ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Whole Tree

Conventionally, increment cores collected at breast height (1.4 m) have been used to measure wood properties of standing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees. This height has been used because of the ease of sampling and cost involved in extracting the cores. In this study, the efficacy of a breast-height core to represent whole-tree specific gravity (SG) and moisture content (MC) was examined. The sampling height that best represents whole-tree SG and MC was identified using the correlation between volume-weighted whole-tree SG and MC with SG and MC measurements collected at different heights within a tree. We found a high correlation between observed whole-disk SG and MC with volume-weighted whole-tree SG and MC at most sampling heights. The strength of the correlation followed a skewed parabolic curve form for both wood properties. The strongest correlations were observed between 4.6 and 6.1 m, with marginally lower correlations at the base of the tree, and the weakest correlations were observed towards the tip of the tree. In addition, it was found that the number of stands and trees that need to be sampled to achieve a certain accuracy in overall mean whole-tree SG and MC was greater if breast height was used as a sampling height compared with the most representative sampling heights identified (4.6 m for SG and 6.1 m for MC).

Response Following Aerial Applications of Glyphosate for Release of Loblolly Pine in the Virginia Piedmont

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Zutter ◽  
Patrick J. Minogue ◽  
Dean H. Gjerstad
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Relative Composition ◽  
Virginia Piedmont ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Four growing seasons after aerial applications of glyphosate at 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 lb ai/ac in a three-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation in late summer, diameter at breast height (dbh) and total height of pines were greater on treated compared to untreated areas. Pines on treated plots averaged 2.5 in. dbh and 15.2 ft in height while pines on untreated plots averaged 1.9 in. dbh and 13.5 ft in height. Height growth curves of treated pines through four growing seasons following treatment. In general, reduction in hardwood density and pine response each increased with increasing glyphosate rate. Relative composition of red maple in the stand increased two years after treatment for all rates of glyphosate, but did not change in the plots without treatment. South. J. Appl. For. 12(1):54-58.

scholarly journals Calibrating a Segmented Taper Equation with Two Diameter Measurements

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang V. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Laser Technology ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Tree Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Taper Equation ◽  
Taper Equations

Abstract Recent advances in laser technology help make possible accurate and affordable measurements of upper-stem diameters. These measurements can be used to calibrate results from a taper equation to improve the accuracy of diameter predictions along the tree bole. Felled-tree data from a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation were used to evaluate two methods for calibrating outputs from a segmented taper equation with parameters either obtained from the data in this study or originally published by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5-2124">Max and Burkhart (1976</xref>, Segmented polynomial regression applied to taper equations, For. Sci. 22:283–289). For outside-bark diameters, although a simple calibration for dbh gave desirable results, a better calibration involving both dbh and an upper-stem diameter provided significant improvements in predicting tree taper. Results varied depending on where the diameter was measured, with optimum gains obtained when the upper-stem diameter was measured at the midpoint between breast height and the tree tip. For inside-bark diameters, the calibration for inside-bark dbh actually produced inferior predictions, whereas the calibration based on both dbh and an upper-stem diameter offered only modest improvements over the unadjusted predictions.

scholarly journals EFECTOS DE LA DENSIDAD DE PLANTACIÓN Y LA ALTURA DE PODA SOBRE LA PRODUCCION DE Pinus taeda L. A LOS 5 AÑOS DE EDAD

FLORESTA ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Costas ◽  
Patricio Mac Donagh ◽  
Elizabeth Weber ◽  
Pedro Irschick ◽  
José Palavecino
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
High Density ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

En un ensayo con 3 niveles de densidad y 11 niveles de altura de poda, se evaluaron los efectos de la densidad, la altura de poda y la interacción entre ambas sobre la producción de la masa de Pinus taeda L. a los 5 años de edad. Las variables sobre las cuales se analizó la producción fueron el volumen por unidad de superficie, el área basal, el volumen individual, el diámetro a la altura de pecho y la altura.Se observaron mayores volumen por unidad de superficie y área basal y menores volúmenes individuales y los diámetros a la altura de pecho en los tratamientos con mayor densidad. Para todas las variables respuestas, excepto la altura, se observó que en general a mayor altura de poda se produjeron valores medios menores y viceversa.La interacción entre densidad y altura de poda no fue significativa para ninguna de las variables respuestas. STAND DENSITY AND PRUNE HEIGTH EFFECTS OVER FIVE YEAR OLD YIELD PLANTATION OF Pinus taeda L. Abstract The effects of the stand density and prune height, and the interaction between them, have been evaluated over the yield of five years old Pinus taeda plantation. There were three density levels and eleven prune heights. There were analyzed volume per hectare, basal area, tree volume, diameter at breast height (dbh) and height. It were found higher volume and basal area per hectare, and lower tree volume and dbh for the high density treatments. Except tree height, all the others variables showed lower average values with the increasing of the prune height. The interaction between stand density and prune height was not significant for all analyzed variables.

The effect of spacing rectangularity on stem quality in loblolly pine plantations

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L Amateis ◽  
Philip J Radtke ◽  
Gerald D Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Branch Size ◽  
Tree Stem

The effect of spacing rectangularity on tree stem quality was evaluated using data collected from a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) spacing trial measured at age 19. In this trial, bole condition, branch size, and stem asymmetry were examined on plots with an initial planting density of 2240 trees/ha planted at slight (3:4) and greater (1:3) rectangular spacings to determine suitability for sawtimber production. Results indicated that rectangularity had no significant effect on survival or the number of potential sawtimber trees by age 19. While the 1:3 spacing treatment had a significantly larger maximum branch size than the 3:4 spacing treatment, it could not be attributed to the within-row or between-row direction. Additional measurements on stem diameter at breast height within and between rows failed to show stem asymmetry in the 1:3 spacing treatment. Consequently, rectangular spacings up to 1:3 should not have much impact on overall stem quality.

Ten-year growth comparison between rooted cuttings and seedlings of loblolly pine

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
H E Stelzer ◽  
G S Foster ◽  
V Shaw ◽  
J B McRae
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Taper ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Rooted cuttings and seedlings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were established in a central Alabama field trial. Five, full-sib families, with an average number of six clones per family, were evaluated. Mean cutting/seedling height ratios revealed that despite initial differences in size, relative growth rates of both propagule types stabilized and were equal by age 7 years. Through age 10 years, results show virtually no difference in height, diameter at breast height, volume, or stem taper between the rooted cuttings and seedlings.

scholarly journals A Consensus Map for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.). I. Construction and Integration of Individual Linkage Maps From Two Outbred Three-Generation Pedigrees

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell M Sewell ◽  
Bradley K Sherman ◽  
David B Neale
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mapping Function ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Data ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Consensus Map ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract A consensus map for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was constructed from the integration of linkage data from two unrelated three-generation outbred pedigrees. The progeny segregation data from restriction fragment length polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA, and isozyme genetic markers from each pedigree were recoded to reflect the two independent populations of parental meioses, and genetic maps were constructed to represent each parent. The rate of meiotic recombination was significantly greater for males than females, as was the average estimate of genome length for males {1983.7 cM [Kosambi mapping function (K)]} and females [1339.5 cM(K)]. The integration of individual maps allows for the synthesis of genetic information from independent sources onto a single consensus map and facilitates the consolidation of linkage groups to represent the chromosomes (n = 12) of loblolly pine. The resulting consensus map consists of 357 unique molecular markers and covers ∼1300 cM(K).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document