Comparative study between Johnson’s formula and Dare’s formula of fetal weight estimation at term

Background: Prediction of fetal weight is one of the methods towards effective management of pregnancy and delivery. To assess and compare the accuracy of clinical and sonographic fetal weight estimation in predicting birth weight at term pregnancy, patients who were in latent or in active phase of labour. In the present study, an effort is made to compare two different clinical methods and USG and relate to the actual weight of the baby at birth.Methods: It is a prospective observational study of one hundred pregnant women satisfying the criteria, consenting for the study was recruited. Both USG and clinical methods will be done and compared with estimated the fetal weight. Weight of the baby at birth will be measured.Results: All the three methods had significant relationship with the baby weight. Percentage error was least with USG and the standard deviation of error was lower with Dare’s formula. The standard deviation was minimal for Dare`s formula EFW followed closely by USG.Conclusions: It can be concluded that Dare’s formula of clinical methods can be a potential option to be promoted in predicting the fetal weight in the absence of USG facilities. Training in this method is very important and can be an integral part in managing pregnancy during delivery in primary care setting.

Download Full-text

ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND VERSUS CLINICAL FETAL WEIGHT ESTIMATION AT TERM WITH ACTUAL BIRTH WEIGHT IN KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL

European Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.47672/ejhs.147 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Dr. Daniel K. Wanjaria ◽

Prof. Koigi Kamau

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Fetal Weight ◽

Ultra Sound ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

National Hospital ◽

Actual Weight ◽

Kenyatta National Hospital ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation ◽

Clinical Methods

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to correlate fetal weight estimation by ultrasound and clinical methods with actual birth weight in KNH.Methodology: This is a prospective comparative study. The design was suitable because it enabled comparison of the predictive value, sensitivity and specificity in estimating fetal weight which is known after birth. Study area was KNH Obstetric wards. The study population was all pregnant women admitted to obstetric wards for elective caesarean delivery and study period was February -March 2016. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. Categorical variables were presented as proportions in tables and graphs, bars or pie charts). Continuous variable were summarized as means or medians and presented in table form.Results: The findings show that the correlation between actual weight and Ultra Sound estimated weight was significant (r=0.65, p<0.000). The findings further showed that the proportion of Ultra Sound methods estimations within 10% of the actual birth weight was 44% of the overall weights. Clinical methods estimations within 10% of the actual birth weight were 47% of the overall weights. The mean difference between actual birth weights and ultra sound estimated weights were statistically insignificantThe findings revealed that the correlation between actual weight and clinical methods estimated weight was stronger (r=0.79, p<0.000) as compared to the correlation between actual weight and Ultra Sound estimated weight (r=0.65, p<0.000).Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The finding of this study may influence further studies and decision on estimation of fetal weight. If clinical estimation is equal or same as ultrasound estimation then it can be recommended that all mothers undergo this instead of ultrasound for estimation of fetal weight. The results may be shared with the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta National Hospital and the Ministry of Health and any policy change resulting from this can be rolled down to counties.

Download Full-text

Comparative study of various methods of fetal weight estimation at term pregnancy in a tertiary hospital in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20181363 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 1602

Author(s):

Parvathavarthini K. ◽

Santhanalakshmi C. ◽

Geetha Prasad

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Care Setting ◽

Primary Care Setting ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Fetal Weight ◽

Percentage Error ◽

Actual Weight ◽

Clinical Methods ◽

Pregnancy And Delivery

Background: Prediction of fetal weight is one of the methods towards effective management of pregnancy and delivery. Ultrasonography is the standard method to monitor the weight, but in the absence of such facility it becomes difficult particularly in the primary care setting. Clinical methods can be considered as an option and this requires selection of the valid method in deriving the fetal weight. In the present study, an effort is made to compare two different clinical methods and USG and relate to the actual weight of the baby at birth.Methods: One hundred pregnant women satisfying the criteria, consenting for the study were recruited. Both USG and clinical methods were done and estimated the fetal weight. Weight of the baby at birth was measured.Results: All the three methods had significant relationship with the baby weight. Results indicated that estimation of fetal weight by Dare’s formula could predict 69% of the cases correctly followed by Johnson’s method which could predict 61% of the cases correctly. USG predicted 67% of the cases correctly. Percentage error was least with USG and the standard deviation of error was lower with Dare’s formula.Conclusions: It can be concluded that Dare’s formula of clinical methods can be a potential option to be promoted in predicting the fetal weight in the absence of USG facilities. Training in this method is very important and can be an integral part in managing pregnancy during delivery in primary care setting.

Download Full-text

Clinical versus ultrasonographic fetal weight estimation and its correlation with actual birth weight

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190275 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 503

Author(s):

Ashwini Ingale ◽

Shweta Avinash Khade ◽

Sneha Shirodkar

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Mean Absolute Percentage Error ◽

Fetal Weight ◽

Percentage Error ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

Clinical Method ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation ◽

Absolute Percentage Error

Background: This is a prospective study was conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecology department, tertiary care Hospital, to compare the accuracy of clinical and ultrasonographic estimation of fetal weight at term with actual birth weight.Methods: The present study is a prospective comparative study of fetal weight estimation in Antenatal women with term gestation (37week to 42week of gestation) singleton pregnancy with vertex presentation, who had gestational age confirmed by dates and ultrasound scanning of< 22weeks admitted in tertiary care center from March 2016 to November 2016. Patients with Polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, Antepartum hemorrhage, Congenital anomalies of fetus, Obese (Body mass index >30 kilogram/meter2) are excluded from the study. Estimation of fetal weight is done by clinical method and ultrasonography. Birth weight after delivery was recorded in grams by electronic weighing machine and tabulated.Results: Clinical as well as ultrasonography estimates observed to be strongly correlate with actual birth weight. Both the methods had more sensitivity in birth weight range 2500-4000gm than <2500g and >4000g. The overall mean absolute percentage error of the clinical method (7.2±7.7) was smaller than that of the sonographic method (16.2±11.1). In low birth-weight (<2,500g) group, mean absolute percentage error was 9.0±11.3 with USG and same with clinical was 11.7±9.0. No statistically significant difference was observed.Conclusions: The present study concludes that clinical estimation of birth-weight is as accurate as routine ultrasonographic estimation.Clinical palpation should be considered as diagnostic tool for FWE and is equally reliable even when done by trained medical person. It is cheap and easy to teach. The need is to practically apply this method in obstetrics and guide the management decisions.

Download Full-text

Comparative Study of Various Methods of Fetal Weight Estimation in Term Pregnancy

Journal of SAFOG with DVD ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1213 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 22-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Partha Mukherjee ◽

Sebanti Goswami ◽

Anupama Kumari

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Fetal Weight ◽

Average Error ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

Term Pregnancy ◽

Weight Category ◽

Medical College ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation

ABSTRACT Objective The goal of this study was to evaluate the various methods of estimating fetal weight in term pregnancy and to determine their relative accuracy in predicting the same in different weight categories. Materials and methods The study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata from 1st July 2009 to 30th June 2010. It was a prospective cohort type of study covering 500 pregnant women at term. Parameters studied (a) average error (gm) in different birth weight categories, (b) standard deviation of prediction error in each birth weight category. Results Ultrasonography was found to have least standard deviation closely followed by the two clinical methods proposed by Johnson and Dare. The average positive predictive value of different methods in our study was 42.2, 70.9, 80.5 and 76% for Dawn's, Johnson's, Dare's formulas and USG respectively. Conclusion Easily measurable obstetric parameters with simple instruments requiring minimal manpower training are equally accurate as USG in predicting fetal weight. How to cite this article Kumari A, Goswami S, Mukherjee P. Comparative Study of Various Methods of Fetal Weight Estimation in Term Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(1):22-25.

Download Full-text

Accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation in a tertiary care hospital in Bharatpur, Nepal

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v12i4.16374 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 174-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V Natraj Prasad ◽

Pratik Poudel ◽

Pramod Kumar Chhetry

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Mean Absolute Percentage Error ◽

Fetal Weight ◽

Percentage Error ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation ◽

Absolute Percentage Error ◽

Estimated Fetal Weight

Background & Objectives: Among the various methods used in the estimation of intrauterine fetal weight, sonographic fetal weight estimation is the one and has become an important component of antenatal care. The study was conducted with objective to assess the accuracy and reliability of ultrasound estimation of fetal weight in women with a singleton term pregnancy. Materials & Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 120 women with singleton term pregnancies. Ultrasound estimated fetal weight was calculated by measuring the biparietal diameter and abdominal circumference. The estimated fetal weight was compared to the actual birth weight post delivery. The correlation between estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and the accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation was measured using mean error, mean absolute error, mean percentage error, mean absolute percentage error and proportion of estimates within 10% of actual birth weight. Results were tested at error level set at p ≤ 0.05.Results: Mean estimated and actual birth weights were 2863.5 ± 441.9 g and 2822.5 ± 407.7 g respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight (r= 0.71, p <0.001). The mean percentage error and mean absolute percentage error of ultrasound fetal weight estimations were 1.9 ± 11.4% and 8.8 ± 7.5% respectively. Conclusion: Sonographically estimated fetal weight had strong positive correlation with actual birth weight and thus sonography can be used in the estimation of fetal weight for the better perinatal outcome.

Download Full-text

Macrosomia – a new formula for optimized fetal weight estimation

Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde ◽

10.1055/s-0028-1089271 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 68 (S 01) ◽

Author(s):

NC Hart ◽

J Siemer ◽

B Meurer ◽

TW Goecke ◽

RL Schild

Keyword(s):

Fetal Weight ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation ◽

New Formula

Download Full-text

Does the formula suggested by Intergrowth-21st project yield the best accuracy in fetal weight estimation?

10.1055/s-0037-1607875 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

D Balsyte ◽

T Burkhardt ◽

R Zimmermann ◽

J Kurmanavicius

Keyword(s):

Fetal Weight ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation

Download Full-text

Discrepancy Analysis between Clinical Versus Ultrasound Estimated Fetal Weight and Actual Birth Weight at 3rd Trimester

Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College ◽

10.3329/jssmc.v11i1.43176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

Naznin Rashid Shewly ◽

Menoka Ferdous ◽

Hasina Begum ◽

Shahadat Hossain Khan ◽

Sheema Rani Debee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Fetal Weight ◽

P Value ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation ◽

Obstetric Management ◽

Estimated Fetal Weight

Background: In obstetric management fetal weight estimation is an important consideration when planning the mode of delivery in our day to day practice. In Bangladesh low birth weight is a major public health problem & incidence is 38% - 58%. Neonatal mortality and morbidity also yet high. So accurate antenatal estimation of fetal weight is a good way to detect macrosomia or small for date baby. Thus to improve the pregnancy outcome and neonatal outcome decreasing various chance of neonatal mortality and morbidity antenatal fetal weight prediction is an invaluable parameter in some situation where to identify the at risk pregnancy for low birth weight become necessary. Reliable method for prenatal estimation of fetal weight two modalities have got popularity - Clinical estimation and another one is ultrasonic estimation. This study was designed to determine the accuracy of clinical versus ultrasound estimated fetal weight detecting the discrepancy with actual birth weight at third trimester. So that we can verify more reliable and accurate method. Objectives: To find out more accurate and reliable modality of fetal weight estimation in antenatal period during obstetric management planning. To compare clinical versus ultrasound estimated fetal weight & to determine discrepancy of both variable with actual birth weight. Method: This prospective, cross sectional analytical study was carried out in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2006 to December 2006. By purposive sampling 100 pregnant women fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in my study in third trimester (29wks-40wks). In clinical weight estimation procedure SFH (Symphysio Fundal Height) was measured in centimeter. On pervaginal finding whether vertex below or above the ischial spine was determined. By Johnson’s formula fetal weight in grams was estimated. Then by ultrasound scan different biometric measurements were taken and finally by Hadlock’s formula fetal weight was estimated. Eventually actual birth weight was taken after birth by Globe Brand weighing machine. Accuracy of both modalities were compared and which one was more reliable predictor was determined by statistical analysis. Results: After data collection were analyzed by computer based software (SPSS). There was gradual and positive relationship between symphysiofundal height and estimated birth weight. Discrepancy between clinical and actual birth weight at third trimester was statistically significant – Paired Student’s ‘t’ test was done where p value was <0.001. Whereas discrepancy between sonographically estimated fetal weight with actual birth weight was not statistically significant (by paired ‘t’ test where p value was >0.05). That implies discrepancy between ultrasound estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight was significantly less than that of clinically estimated fetal weight. 14% clinically and 46% sonographically estimated fetal weight were observed within £ 5% of actual birth weight. 31% clinical and 42% sonographically estimates observed within 6% to 10% of actual birth weight and 55% clinical and 12% sonographically estimate were >10% of actual birth weight. That is about 88% sonographical versus 45% clinical estimates were within 10% of actual birth weight. Conclusion: There is no doubt about importance of fetal weight in many obstetric situations. Clinical decisions at times depends on fetal weight. Whether to use oxytocin, to use forceps or vacuum for delivery or extend of trial or ended by Caesarian section immediately or no scope of trial to be largely depend on fetal size and weight. So more accurate modality for antenatal fetal weight estimation has paramount importance. In my study sonographically estimated weight have more accuracy than that of clinical estimate in predicting actual birth weight. Sonographically estimated fetal weight is more reliable, accurate and reproducible rather than other modality. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 32-38

Download Full-text

Differences in Biometric Fetal Weight Estimation Accuracy and Doppler Examination Results in Uncomplicated Term Singleton Pregnancies between Vertex and Breech Presentation

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10153252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 3252

Author(s):

Lukas Jennewein ◽

Simon Theissen ◽

Hemma Roswitha Pfeifenberger ◽

Nadja Zander ◽

Kyra Fischer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Middle Cerebral Artery ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Umbilical Artery ◽

Breech Presentation ◽

Fetal Weight ◽

Estimation Accuracy ◽

Weight Estimation ◽

Fetal Weight Estimation ◽

Presentation Group ◽

Chi2 Test

Doppler examination of the umbilical artery and the fetal middle cerebral artery is evaluated predominantly in pregnancies with fetuses in cephalic presentation and never has been elucidated in breech presentation. Evidence on the accuracy of fetal weight estimation in dependence of the fetal presentation is controversial. Nevertheless, clinical decisions including recommendations for a cesarean section or labor induction based on these examinations are applied to pregnancies with fetuses in breech presentation. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the fetal presentation on fetal weight estimation accuracy, umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery resistance indices (RI) in a prospective case control study. Ultrasound examinations in 305 uncomplicated term pregnancies (153 vertex presentations, 152 breech) were investigated. Non-parametric variables were compared using Pearson’s chi2 test and Wilcoxon chi2 test, depending on variable scaling. Fetal weight estimation accuracy was not significantly different between vertex presentation group (VP) (6.97%) and breech presentation group (BP) (7.96%, p = 0.099). Fetal head circumference measurements were significantly larger in BP (350 mm vs. 341 mm in VB, p > 0.0001) while abdominal circumferences were significantly smaller (VP: 338 mm, BP: 331 mm, p = 0.0039) and weight estimation was not significantly different. Umbilical artery RIs were not significantly different between VP (54.5) and BP (55.3, p = 0.354). Fetal middle cerebral artery RIs also showed no significant differences (VP: 71.2, BP: 70.7, p = 0.335). Our study shows that fetal Doppler (RI) and weight estimation ultrasound originally calibrated in cephalic pregnancies are applicable to pregnancies with fetuses in breech presentation.

Download Full-text