Prospective study of skin adnexal tumours for a period of two years in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Skin adnexal tumours are rare tumours with complex histological patterns and variations and difficult to diagnose by histopathology only, so clinical history and presentation is necessary. The objective of the study was to correlate with age, sex, location, type of differentiation of adnexal tumours in our pathology department.Methods: The present study was a prospective study done in the department of pathology in Andhra medical college, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam. A total of 51 cases were included in this study from January 2015 to December 2016. Specimens were formalin fixed and after adequately processing the sections were stained routinely with hematoxylin and eosin stain and properly evaluated for histopathological examination.Results: Out of these 51 cases, 88.24% (45 cases) were benign, and 11.76% (6 cases) were malignant tumours. Hair follicle differentiation were most common (35.3%) followed by sebaceous gland differentiation (31.37%) and sweat gland differentiation (29.41%).Conclusions: Benign adnexal tumours were most common than malignant tumours. Skin adnexal tumours are clinically often misdiagnosed, so histopathological examination remains gold standard for their correct diagnosis.

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Histopathological Scenario of Testicular Lesions with Few Uncommon Entities – 3 Years Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/91 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 467-470

Author(s):

Padma Madana ◽

Vijayasree Mandava ◽

Neelima Govada ◽

Padmavathi Devi Chaganti ◽

Zafrul Haque Mohammed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Common Finding ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Cell Hyperplasia ◽

Equal Distribution ◽

Splenogonadal Fusion ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Neoplastic Lesions

BACKGROUND The incidence of testicular malignancy has been increasing in men, orchidectomy is necessary for the removal of neoplastic lesions or in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions resistant to treatment. We wanted to evaluate the various histopathological patterns of lesions in testis. METHODS A retrospective study of 86 orchidectomy specimens over a period of three years with age wise distribution from March 2017 to February 2020 was done in the Department of Pathology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur. Histopathological slides stained with haematoxylin and eosin were retrieved and reviewed. Immunohistochemistry was done in two cases. RESULTS Of the 86 cases, 78 (90.7 %) cases were non neoplastic and 8 (9.3 %) cases were neoplastic. Youngest age in non-neoplastic group was four days and in neoplastic group was 18 years. The oldest age was 82 years in the non-neoplastic lesions and 60 years in the neoplastic lesions. Non neoplastic lesions were common in the 3 rd decade. In malignant lesions, highest number of cases was seen in the 6 th decade and equal distribution was observed in 3rd and 5th decade. Unilateral involvement was common than bilateral involvement. Out of all non-neoplastic lesions, undescended testis 20 (25.64 %) cases was the common finding followed by non-specific epididymo orchitis 19 (24.36 %) cases, abscess 14 (17.95 %) cases, torsion infarction 13 (16.67 %) cases, Leydig cell hyperplasia 4 (5.13 %) cases, 3 (3.85 %) cases each of tuberculous epididymo orchitis and granulomatous epididymo orchitis. 1 (1.28 %) case each of rare entities like vanishing testis and splenogonadal fusion were also found. Among the neoplastic lesions, all 8 cases were malignant tumours. Out of these malignant tumours, mixed germ cell tumours were seen in 3 (37.5 %) cases followed by seminomas 2 (25 %) cases, post pubertal teratoma 1 (12.5 %) case, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) 1 (12.5 %) case and primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) 1 (12.5 %) case. CONCLUSIONS Histopathological examination on routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections primarily differentiate non neoplastic lesions from neoplastic group and benign tumours from malignant tumours as the treatment modality varies. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is useful in the diagnosis of poorly differentiated small round cell tumours. KEYWORDS Orchidectomy Specimens, Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Lesions

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Clinicopathological study of testicular tumors: an experience in a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir valley, Jammu and Kashmir, India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172480 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2741

Author(s):

Ambreen Beigh ◽

Sheikh Junaid ◽

Arshi Beg ◽

Summyia Farooq ◽

Lateef Ahmed Wani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Published Data ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Kashmir Valley ◽

Testicular Tumors ◽

Rare Type ◽

Jammu And Kashmir

Background: Testicular and paratesticular neoplasia are rare type of tumors affecting adolescents and young adults in India, as observed by paucity of published data. This study was undertaken to analyze the patterns of testicular tumors at a tertiary level hospital in Kashmir valley, Jammu and Kashmir, India highlighting the patient’s demography, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation and pathological finding.Methods: This 5-year (retrospective and prospective) study was performed in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India from January 2012 to December 2016. For the retrospective study, all cases of testicular tumors, their histopathological reports and required clinical details were searched from records maintained in the Department of Pathology, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. For the prospective study, the orchiedectomy specimens received in our department were subjected to routine histopathological processing followed by a detailed gross and microscopic examination. Tumour typing and subtyping was done according to WHO classification (2004).Results: A total of 37 cases of testicular and paratesticular neoplasia were included in present study with a mean age of 35.1 years. Out of these 37 cases, 31 (83.78%) were malignant and 6 cases (16.22%) were benign. Right testis was affected in 70.3% of cases. The most common clinical presentation was scrotal swelling. Germ cell tumor was the most common type accounting for 89.2% of tumors followed by lymphomas (8.1%).Conclusions:It is concluded that despite new techniques in imaging and tumor marker assay, the diagnosis of testicular tumors is dependent upon histopathological examination. The present study fairly provides an insight into the clinical presentations, prevalence and patterns of testicular tumors.

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Enigma in the diagnosis of congenital neck masses: a prospective study

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20195708 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Rajesh Radhakrishna Havaldar ◽

Anju Singh ◽

Priti S. Hajare ◽

Shama A. Bellad ◽

R. S. Mudhol

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Bronchogenic Cyst ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Neck Mass ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Duct Cyst ◽

Neck Masses ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Head and neck swellings are common in routine otorhinolaryngologic practice. This study was done to assess the incidence and varied presentation of different congenital neck swellings.Methods: Hospital based prospective study done in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at a tertiary care hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 28 patients with slow, progressive neck swellings were selected after excluding thyroid swellings and acute inflammatory neck swellings. All patients had no other complaints. After a thorough clinical examination and investigations like ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration cytology and radiological examination, surgery was done, and specimens obtained were sent for histopathological examination. Patients were followed up to 1 year. Results: 28 patients with congenital neck mass were studied. 15 were thyroglossal cysts, 7 were branchial anomalies, 5 were dermoid cysts and 1 was bronchogenic cyst. The most frequent congenital neck mass was thyroglossal duct cyst and fistula (53.57%) followed by, in descending order, cysts and fistulas of the branchial apparatus (25%), dermoid cysts (17.85%) and bronchogenic cyst (3.5%) respectively.Conclusions: The overall presentation in terms of age group, location, incidence and clinical features of congenital neck swellings is an enigma to the treating surgeon as well as the pathologist. The prevalence varies largely among centres. A knowledge of the varied differential diagnosis of slow progressive masses in the neck should be kept in mind while planning the surgical procedure for total removal of the lesion to avoid recurrence.

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Efficacy of morphological indexing of ovarian tumor: preoperative determination of risk of malignancy

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173463 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3458

Author(s):

Jagan Aishwarya ◽

Ramasamy Sasikala ◽

Syed Dilshath

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Female Genital Tract ◽

Wall Structure ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Morphological Index ◽

Risk Of Malignancy

Background: Ovarian cancers ranks fifth in cancer death worldwide and in India it ranks third among the female genital tract malignancies. Objective of present study was to assess prospectively the efficacy of morphological indexing (MI) as a method to predict malignancy in sonographically confirmed ovarian tumors.Methods: A prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu from September 2011 to August 2012. The risk of malignancy is preoperatively assessed in 136 patients with ovarian tumour using a morphological index based on tumour volume and wall structure. Each tumour was assigned a score of 0 to 10 based on increasing volume and morphologic complexity. The efficacy of the index was assessed by histopathological examination of the tumour.Results: The benign tumours had a mean MI score of 4.3 and malignant tumours had a mean of 8.3 which was statistically significant. Of the 54 tumours with MI <5, only 2 (3.7%) were malignant where else out of the remaining 82 tumours with MI >5, 54 (51.2%) were malignant. With MI >5 as a predictor of malignancy the present study had a Sensitivity-95.5%, Specificity-56.5%, Positive predictive value-51.2%, Negative predictive value-94%, and Accuracy-68%.Conclusions: Morphological index is a simple, valuable and inexpensive diagnostic tool to rule out malignancy in pre operative evaluations of ovarian tumors.

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A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE DIAGNOSTIC EFFICACY OF LABORATORY RISK INDICATOR FOR NECROTIZING FASCIITIS (LRINEC) SCORING SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH SOFT TISSUE INFECTION

10.36106/gjra/5206015 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 37-39

Author(s):

K. Vani ◽

Gattupalli Bhaswanth Kumar Reddy ◽

B. Jayakiran ◽

J. Ramanaiah ◽

B. Balaji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽

Soft Tissue Infection ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Tissue Infection ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Care Hospital ◽

A Prospective Study

Background Necrotizing fasciitis which is commonly known as “Flesh-Eating Disease” is an uncommon soft-tissue infection. It is characterized by widespread fascial necrosis with relative sparing of overlying skin and underlying muscle. Mostly it is associated with severe systemic toxicity and a fulminant course. It is usually rapidly fatal unless promptly recognized and aggressively treated with appropriate antimicrobials and surgical debridement at the earliest. Methods Our study was a prospective study conducted on 140 patients over a period of 2 years from June 2018 to June 2020 in a tertiary care hospital, GGH, Kadapa. All patients were selected randomly and evaluated by taking proper history, thorough clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations and histopathological examination of the debrided tissue and the outcomes were analysed to know the efficacy of LRINEC Scoring in diagonising necrotizing fasciitis. Results Most common age group was 41-50 years. Males were commonly affected, accounting to 74% i.e., 111 patients and the remaining 39 patients were females (39%). Fever, inflammation of the involved area were the most common presentations. Majority were diabetic and hypertensive accounting to 55.3% and 52.7% respectively. All patients presented with symptoms with swelling, redness, pain and induration. Eighty-one percent had elevated CRP. Total WBC count was raised in 78.7% of the cases. Fifty-six percent of the cases had haemoglobin less than 11g/dl. Hyponatremia was observed in 81.3% of the patients. Majority (52.7%) had normal sr. creatinine i.e., < or =1.4. RBS was elevated in 54.7% of the cases. In our study 87.3% of the patients had a LRINEC score >6. Histology was positive for necrotising fasciitis in 92% of the cases, among them majority had polymicrobial organisms on culture. Conclusion In patients with severe soft tissue infections, LRINEC scoring based on laboratory parameters is an easy and reliable diagnostic tool to diagnose Necrotizing fasciitis accurately.

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Clinico-etiopathological and management profile of laryngeal tumours in a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20173086 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 913

Author(s):

Pooja Pal ◽

Arvinder Singh Sood ◽

Lavneesh Manchanda ◽

Bikramjit Singh

Keyword(s):

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Clinical History ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Carcinoma Larynx ◽

Stage Iv Disease ◽

Laryngeal Tumours

Background: Laryngeal tumours may be neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Our study aimed to analyze the incidence, clinico-etiopathological and management profile of laryngeal tumours. Methods: This prospective study was performed on 90 cases of laryngeal tumours in the Department of Otolaryngology in a tertiary care hospital from Jan 2015 to June 2016. A detailed clinical history was taken, head & neck examination done, and supplemented with necessary imaging when required. The data thus obtained was recorded and statistically analyzed. Results: The ratio of benign to malignant tumours was 1:4. Of the benign tumours, 59% were vocal nodules. They were most common in the third decade (23.5%) and presented with hoarseness. Most patients were housewives (29%) and were associated with vocal abuse. All cases were managed surgically. Ninety seven percent of malignant tumours were squamous cell carcinoma, and seen in the seventh decade (37%). Forty one percent were labourers, and smoking, alcohol and laryngopharyngeal reflux were the predominant risk factors. The supraglottis was the commonest site involved, and dysphagia was the predominant presenting symptom. Majority of patients (42.5%) presented with stage IV disease. Malignant tumours were treated with radiotherapy (55%), chemoradiation (44%) and surgery (1%). Conclusions: Vocal nodule is the commonest benign tumour of the larynx and presents with hoarseness. The supraglottis is the main subsite to be involved in laryngeal cancer, and presents with dysphagia. Most patients present with stage IV disease. Laryngopharyngeal reflux is an important risk factor for carcinoma larynx.

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