scholarly journals Effects of silodosin, darifenacin, and combination therapy for the treatment of ureteral stent related discomforts

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3031
Author(s):  
Aquinas Benedict ◽  
Vinothkumar Rajenthiran ◽  
Abhinaya Eswaramurthy
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain Scale ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Daily Group ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 1

Background: To evaluate the effect of silodosin, darifenacin and combination therapy of two agents in improving the lower urinary tract symptoms of patients with indwelling double-J ureteral stents.Methods: A total of 150 patients underwent placement of a double-J ureteral stent after retrograde ureteroscopy for urinary stone disease. All patients received polyurethane double-J ureteral stents (4 Fr and length 26 cm), which were removed at a mean of around 14 days postoperatively. A total of 40 patients were given no medication (group 1), 39 patients were given silodosin 4 mg once daily (group 2), 40 patients were given darifenacin 7.5 mg once daily (group 3), and 31 patients were given a combination of two agents postoperatively (group 4). International prostate symptom score (IPSS) and visual analogue pain scale (VAPS) questionnaires were completed by each patient at 1st day postoperatively and on the day of stent removal.Results: In the total group of patients, the mean age was 50.24±12.90 years. There was a significant difference in the IPSS total score between group 1 and groups 3 and 4.  Group 4 also differed significantly from group 1 in the irritative subscore. The obstructive subscore differed between groups 2 and 4 and group 1. There was a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 4 in the quality of life (QoL) score.Conclusions: Combination therapy with silodosin and darifenacin improved both irritative and obstructive symptoms more than in the other groups. Combination therapy should be strongly considered for patients who complain of stent-related symptoms.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Topical or Retrobulbar Anesthesia for 23-Gauge Posterior Vitrectomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Celiker ◽  
Levent Karabas ◽  
Ozlem Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽  
Topical Anesthesia ◽  
Anesthetic Technique ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain Scale ◽  
Retrobulbar Anesthesia ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
23 Gauge ◽  
Group 1

Background. To compare the efficacy and safety of topical anesthesia versus retrobulbar anesthesia in 23-gauge vitreoretinal surgery.Materials and Methods. A total of 63 patients scheduled for 23 G posterior vitrectomy without scleral buckling procedures were included in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either topical (Group 1,n=31) or retrobulbar anesthesia (Group 2,n=32). Postoperatively, patients were shown a visual analogue pain scale (VAPS) from 1 (no pain or discomfort) to 4 (severe pain or discomfort) to rate the levels of pain.Results. There was more discomfort in patients in Group 2 while anesthetic was administered (Group 1:  1.0±0, Group 2:2.3±0.7,P=0.0001). Between the two groups the level of pain during surgery (Group 1:1.4±0.5, Group 2:1.5±0.5;P=0.85) was noted. There was also no significant difference between two groups postoperatively (Group 1:1.2±0.4, Group 2:1.3±0.4;P=0.28). There were no complications in either group related to the anesthetic technique. No patient needed sedation or anesthesia supplement during the surgery or postoperative period.Conclusion. Topical anesthesia in posterior vitrectomy procedures is an effective and safe method that is alternative to retrobulbar anesthesia.

scholarly journals The Effect of Two Different Doses Protocol of Bupivacaine for Femoral Block on Postoperative Analgesia: A Retrospective Analysis of Single Center Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Selvi ◽  
Gökhan Yılıdız ◽  
Erbil Türksal ◽  
Rıdvan Özbek ◽  
Mustafa Caner Okkaoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Femoral Nerve Block ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain Scale ◽  
Visual Analogue Pain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

INTRODUCTION: In our study, we aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy, side effect profile and its effect on opioid consumption of the femoral nerve block applied with different concentrations of local anesthetic agents (%0.5 bupivacaine and %0.25 bupivacaine) in the same volume (20 mL) after total knee replacement (TKR) operation. METHODS: The files of patients who underwent unilateral TKR surgery under spinal anesthesia between August 2018 and June 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 163 patients were included in the study, 81 patients in group 1 who received %0.25 bupivacaine, and 82 patients in group 2 who received %0.50 bupivacaine for femoral block. The highest visual analogue pain scale (VAS) scores in the postoperative 24 hours, the amount of tramadol requested and consumed with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) devices, and whether there was a significant difference in terms of side effects (nausea, vomiting, motor and sensory deficit) were analyzed. RESULTS: The highest VAS score in group 1 was 2.95 ± 1.31, in group 2 it was 2.84 ± 1.06, and there was no significant difference between them. The mean consumption of tramadol was 197.04 ± 92.03 mg in group 1 and 208.05 ± 85.06 mg in group 2. There was no difference between the demand and consumption of tramadol and side effects. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: 20 mL %0.25 bupivacaine for the femoral block provided the equivalent analgesic efficacy to the same volume of %0.50 bupivacaine. We think that the use of % 0.25 bupivacaine is a more reliable option to reduce systemic side effects, motor block risk and complications.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Effects of Surface Texture and Etching Time on Roughness and Bond Strength to Ground Enamel

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Figueiredo Reis ◽  
Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar ◽  
Marcelo Giannini ◽  
Patricia Nóbrega Rodrigues Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Ground Enamel ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 10 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to assess the influence of surface texture and etching technique on surface roughness (Ra) and bond strength (BS) to enamel and to determine if a correlation exists between them. Methods and Materials Fifty enamel blocks were either roughened with 600-grit SiC paper or polished with diamond pastes. After establishing ten test groups (n=5), the initial Ra measurements, rough (R) and smooth (S) enamel surfaces were etched according to the following protocols: Group 1(R)/Group 2(S)- 35% phosphoric acid gel (H3PO4) for 15 seconds; Group 3(R)/Group 4(S)- 35% H3PO4 for 60 seconds; Group 5(R)/Group 6(S)- Clearfil SE Bond primer for 20 seconds; Group 7(R)/Group 8(S)- self-etching primer (SEP) for 60 seconds; Group 9(R)/ Group 10(S)- 35% H3PO4 for 15 seconds + SEP for 20 seconds. After treatments, a new Ra measurement was performed and enamel surfaces were bonded with either Single Bond (Group 1 to Group 4) or Clearfil SE Bond (Group 5 to Group 10). Afterwards, specimens were prepared for the microtensile test. Ra values were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the BS values were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (5%). Correlation between BS and Ra values was assessed using the Pearson's test. Results The application of SEP produced the lowest Ra values. No significant difference was detected between the BS values of polished and rough surfaces. No correlation was observed between Ra and BS values. Even though etching enamel with the SEP resulted in a surface with less roughness, similar BS values were observed for both self-etching and etch-and-rinse techniques. Conclusion Within the limits of this study increasing the etching time or combining both etching techniques failed to improve the BS using SEP or etch-and-rinse systems. Clinical Significance Based on the findings of this study, there is no clinical justification for increasing the etching time or for combining the use of a SEP following the use of a 35% H3PO4 etchant to achieve a greater BS to ground enamel. Citation Reis AF, Aguiar FHB, Pereira PNR, Giannini M. Effects of Surface Texture and Etching Time on Roughness and Bond Strength to Ground Enamel. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:017-025.

scholarly journals Steady-State Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir-Based Regimens in HIV-Infected Pediatric Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 4290-4294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. King ◽  
Ram Yogev ◽  
Patrick Jean-Philippe ◽  
Bobbie Graham ◽  
Andrew Wiznia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Daily Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACTHIV-infected children are treated with tenofovir in combination with other, potentially interacting, antiretroviral agents. We report the pharmacokinetic parameters of tenofovir in combination with efavirenz, darunavir-ritonavir, or atazanavir-ritonavir in HIV-infected children. HIV-infected patients 8 to 18 years of age receiving a tenofovir (300 mg)-based regimen containing efavirenz (300 or 600 mg) once daily (group 1), darunavir (300 or 600 mg)-ritonavir (100 mg) twice daily (group 2), or atazanavir (150 to 400 mg)-ritonavir (100 mg) once daily (group 3) were enrolled. Plasma samples were collected over a 24-h time interval. The 90% confidence intervals (90% CI) of the geometric means for the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the minimum concentration of drug in serum (Cmin) of each antiretroviral were computed and checked for overlap with intervals bracketing published values obtained in adult or pediatric studies demonstrating safety and/or efficacy. Group 1 efavirenz plasma concentrations were observed to be higher in patients receiving fixed-dose combination tablets compared with subjects receiving the individual formulation. In group 2, tenofovir and darunavir exposure was observed to be lower than expected. In group 3, tenofovir and atazanavir administered concomitantly produced exposures similar to those published for adult patients. The 90% CI of AUC andCminfor tenofovir overlapped the target range for all combinations. Informal comparisons of treatment groups did not indicate any advantage to any combination with respect to tenofovir exposure. Further study of exposures achieved with antiretrovirals administered in combination is warranted.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Finishing and Polishing Methods for Color Stability of the E-Max Dental Ceramics: In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1508-1513
Author(s):  
Ibraheem F Alshiddi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In order to assess the influence of finishing and polishing on the surface brightness and color stability of the ceramic veneer, fifty specimens were fabricated with 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness using IPS E-Max Ceramic. After glazing, 10 specimens were untouched as control group, and the other 40 specimens were abraded using 125µm diamond bur to create surface roughness. Forty specimens were divided into four groups (n=10), in group 1: specimens were finished using diamond point, in group 2 specimens’ surface was polished with a polishing kit, Group 3: Each specimen surface was polished with the polishing kit as in protocol 2 and was polished a polishing past and group 4 Each specimen was glazed by heating at 621℃ for 3 minutes followed by a temperature increase of 83℃/min up to 918℃ for 30 seconds. Color measurement was performed using spectrophotometer. Color stability data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (α=0.05). For Ra values, paired-samples t-tests were used to analyze the data and compare groups. The change in L and E showed a significant difference among the study groups; (group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4) with respect to three variables L, a and b. A significant difference was noted when compared each group with the control; however, only group 2 showed a significant difference from group 4; the remaining groups demonstrated similar findings for all three variables. The study displayed a significant impact of the finishing and polishing technique on the surface brightness and color stability of ceramic restoration. However, it was evident that combination of two or three polishing techniques which includes polish kit and glaze enhances the surface finish and adds color stability by alternating the yellow – blue axis (increase in b) and red- green axis (decrease in a).

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Daily Dosing Versus Alternate Day Dosing of Rosuvastatin for Dyslipidemic Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
K. Malhotra ◽  
S. Aslam ◽  
P. D. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Daily Group ◽  
Hypolipidemic Drug ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lipid Parameters

<strong>Background:</strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common contributor of morbidity and mortality in underdeveloped and developing countries and places a huge burden on the society in terms of health care resources and loss of productivity. Statins are the most popular hypolipidemic drug used to treat hyperlipidemia which is generally administered daily.<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The study was conducted to compare the percent change of LDL-C, TC, TG and HDL and compare the safety of Rosuvastatin in patients of dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups: once daily group and Alternate day group of rosuvastatin 10mg for six weeks. The lipid profile was compared from the baseline and at end of six weeks.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Baseline characters of both the groups were well balanced. LDL-C was reduced by 23.8 % in once-daily group and 26.05 % in alternate-day group, respectively. Changes were also recorded for the other lipid parameters (TC, TG, HDL). Such changes were found to be of no significant difference when compared between the two groups (p&gt;0.05 NS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Alternate day therapy is as effective as the once -daily dosing with rosuvastatin in Indian population in improving the lipid parameters in dyslipidemic patients.</p>

scholarly journals Çekirdeklik Kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.) Artıkları Silajının Besin Değerlerinin Belirlenmesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Pirinç ◽  
Abdullah Özbilgin ◽  
Oğuzhan Kahraman ◽  
Esad Sami Polat
Keyword(s):  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Nutrient Analyses ◽  
Group 1

In this study, nutritional values of silages made from seed pumpkin residues were investigated. Pumpkin residues collected from Konya region were put into silo in vacuum sacks with various additives. As additives, straw, inoculant containing lactic acid bacteria or a mixture of both in certain proportions were used. After the silos were opened, their pH was determined and then samples were taken to determine the essential fatty acid compositions and nutrient analyses were done. Natural pumpkin (Group 1), natural pumpkin + inoculant (100ppm) (Group 2), withered pumpkin + 15% straw (Group 3), withered pumpkin + 15% straw + inoculant (100ppm) (Group 4) such that the fourth group is formed. Dry matter values of pumpkin groups are Group 1 7.89%, Group 2 6.62%, Group 3 12.22% and Group 4 12.25% respectively. Their pH is 3.78 in Group 1, 3.71 in Group 2, 3.86 in Group 3 and 3.82 in Group 4. The crude protein ratio in the experimental groups was determined in the highest Group 2 (14.97%) and the lowest in Group 3 (10.56%). NDF rate was determined in the highest group 4 (49.74%) and the lowest in Group 2 (28.51%). In addition, the highest ADF rate was determined in Group 4 (37.91%) and the lowest in Group 2 (24.90%). There was a statistically significant difference between the research groups in terms of ethanol content. Acetic acid and propionic acid content was found statistically significant between groups. As a result, when the pumpkin residues are silaged, it can be used as feed material in animal feeding. In addition, it can be said that pumpkin residues can be evaluated in different areas in the high amount of Ethanol content resulting from silage production.

scholarly journals Effects of eliminating tension by means of epineural stitches: a comparative electrophysiological and histomorphometrical study using different suture techniques in an animal model

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (2b) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bustamante ◽  
M Socolovsky ◽  
R S Martins ◽  
J Emmerich ◽  
M G Pennini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
Nerve Suture ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Human Nerve ◽  
Group 1

Epineural stitches are a means to avoid tension in a nerve suture. We evaluate this technique, relative to interposed grafts and simple neurorraphy, in a rat model. METHOD: Twenty rats were allocated to four groups. For Group 1, sectioning of the sciatic nerve was performed, a segment 4 mm long discarded, and epineural suture with distal anchoring stitches were placed resulting in slight tension neurorraphy. For Group 2, a simple neurorraphy was performed. For Group 3, a 4 mm long graft was employed and Group 4 served as control. Ninety days after, reoperation, latency of motor action potentials recording and axonal counts were performed. Inter-group comparison was done by means of ANOVA and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: The mean motor latency for the simple suture (2.27±0.77 ms) was lower than for the other two surgical groups, but lower than among controls (1.69±0.56 ms). Similar values were founding in both group 1 (2.66±0.71 ms) and group 3 (2.64±0.6 ms). When fibers diameters were compared a significant difference was identified between groups 2 and 3 (p=0.048). CONCLUSION: Good results can be obtained when suturing a nerve employ with epineural anchoring stitches. However, more studies are needed before extrapolating results to human nerve sutures.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF TRACHEAL DIVERTICULUM AND CHRONIC OSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE ON CHEST ANTHROPOMETRY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine ARGALI DENIZ ◽  
Hilal ER ULUBABA ◽  
M. Furkan ARPACI ◽  
Fatih CAVUS ◽  
Gokhan DEMIRTAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Tracheal Diverticulum ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: In this study, the effect of tracheal diverticula (TD) on chest anthropometry and its relation with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was evaluated. Method: Between January 2019 and March 2020, 995 patients who underwent chest CT were retrospectively analyzed and TD was detected in 31 cases. Group 1 is only TD, Group 2 is TD + COPD, Group 3 is only COPD, Group 4 is defined as control group. We measured the localization, size, the distance to carina and vocal cord of TDs. In all groups chest diameters at T4 and T9 levels were measured as transverse and vertical plans. Results: TDs detected mostly at the T2 and T3 levels. In Group 1 and Group 2, there was a statistically significant difference the distance to TD of vocal chords. A statistically significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 3 only in the vertical diameter at the T4 and T9 levels. Conclusion: We observed that COPD effect TD location and also TD had opposite effect on anteroposteriorly increasing chest parameters in COPD. Precence of TD is essential on COPD patients about thorax anthropometry. Keywords: Tracheal diverticulum; antropometry; radiology; COPD; chest diameter

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