scholarly journals Morbidity and mortality pattern of very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight neonates in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Wani Shahid Hussain ◽  
Muzafar Jan ◽  
Rahat Abbas ◽  
Zarkah Nabi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Elbw Neonates

Background: Although the mortality and morbidity rates for Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) and Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) neonates have improved over last few decades, they still remain highly vulnerable groups. This study determines the neonatal morbidity and mortality within first four weeks of life in VLBW and ELBW neonates.Methods: It was a hospital based prospective study conducted in the department of paediatrics at GB Pant hospital, an associated hospital of Government Medical College Srinagar. All included neonates were evaluated in neonatology section and were followed up to 4 weeks of life. Standard protocols were used for management of these neonates.Results: A total of 116 neonates were included in the study. Among the 116 neonates 82 (70.69%) were VLBW and 34 (29.31%) were ELBW. 28 (34.14%) VLBW and 18 (52.94%) ELBW neonates died. Among the morbidities Respiratory Distress Syndrome was found in 35.37% of VLBW and 70.59% of ELBW neonates, out of which 12.20% VLBW and 20.58% ELBW neonates developed Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Perinatal asphyxia was found in 20.73% of VLBW and 29.41% of ELBW neonates and Pathological apnea occurred in 28.04% VLBW and 85.29% ELBW neonates. 40.24% VLBW and 73.53% ELBW neonates developed clinically significant jaundice requiring treatment. Clinical sepsis was found in 43.90% VLBW and 67.65% ELBW neonates while as culture proven sepsis was found in 26.83% VLBW and 41.18% ELBW neonates. Intra ventricular haemorrhage was found in 15.85% VLBW and 52.94% ELBW neonates. Necrotizing enterocolitis developed in 18.29% VLBW and 35.29% ELBW neonates. Retinopathy of prematurity was found in 21.95% VLBW and 26.47% ELBW neonates. Patent ductus arteriosus was found in 14.63% VLBW and 32.35% ELBW neonates.Conclusions: Present study has shown Respiratory distress syndrome, perinatal asphyxia and sepsis as the predominant causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality and these are preventable with a proper health care system and policy directed to the primary prevention.

Passage of the First Stool in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1007
Author(s):  
Meenakshi K. Jhaveri ◽  
Savitri P. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Times of first stool passage were studied in 171 infants who weighed less than 1,500 g at birth. Delayed passage (greater than 48 hours) was noted in 20.4% of this group. Significant differences were noted between the delayed and nondelayed groups for gestational age, presence of severe respiratory distress syndrome, and the time of the first enteral feeding. In very low birth weight infants, delay in the passage of the first stool is a common occurrence. This delay is probably due to physiologic immaturity of the motor mechanisms of the gut, lack of triggering effect of enteral feeds on gut hormones, and the presence of severe respiratory distress syndrome, which may singly or in concert adversely affect gastrointestinal motility.

Radiological Studies in Very Low Birth Weight and Extremely Low Birth Weight Neonates: ‘ALARA’ Revisited

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-411
Author(s):  
Surjit Damon Jeetoo ◽  
Johan Smith ◽  
Richard Denys Pitcher
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
South African ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Elbw Neonates

Abstract Background Very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates are particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of ionizing radiation. There are limited data on radiographic practice among this population in resource-limited environments. Aim To estimate cumulative effective dose (ED) from diagnostic imaging in VLBW (1000–1500 g) and ELBW (<1000 g) neonates in a resource-limited setting. Method A retrospective analysis of all diagnostic imaging examinations performed on ELBW and VLBW neonates born in a large South African public-sector tertiary-level hospital from January through June 2015. Data were stratified by birth weight and imaging examination. The ED was estimated according to the method of Puch-Kapst. Non-parametric t-tests compared the number of radiographs and ED in VLBW and ELBW neonates, at 5% significance. Results Three hundred and ninety-three neonates with median birth weight 1130 (IQR: 930–1340) g were included; 265 (67%) were VLBW and 128 (33%) ELBW; 48 (12%) died at a median of 7 (IQR: 2–17) days. A median of 2 (IQR: 1–5) radiographs were performed per neonate, with median ED 28.8 (IQR: 14.4–90.8) μSv. The median radiographic exposures for VLBW and ELBW neonates were 1 (IQR: 1–4) and 4 (IQR: 2–9), respectively, (p < 0.0001) with median ED 14.4 (IQR: 14.4–70.4) μSv and 71.2 (IQR: 28.8–169.3) μSv, respectively, (p < 0.0001). Radiographic exposure for VLBW neonates was lower than previously documented for this population. Conclusion Neonatal radiographic practice in resource-limited settings has the potential to contribute to the discourse on international best practice.

scholarly journals Trends in Neonatal Mortality at a Tertiary Level Teaching Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Srijana Basnet ◽  
Laxman Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Live Births

Introduction: Neonatal services at Tribhuvan University Teaching hospital (TUTH) was essentially up to level II till year 2008 and upgraded to level III care in later years. A 4 years retrospective study was carried out at TUTH, Kathmandu, Nepal to determine any change in the trend of neonatal mortality after the improvement in its services. Materials and Methods: Labor room record book, neonatal record book, perinatal audit data and neonatal record charts were used to collect the data. Results: During the study period, there were total of 15063 live births. The neonatal mortality ranges from 9.46 to 14.88 per 1000 live births per year. There was no significant fall in trend of neonatal mortality (x2 for linear trend=1.40, p=0.23). There was also no significant fall in trend in perinatal mortality rates over this period (x2 for linear trend=1.92, p=0.16).The number of neonates referred to other hospitals has been significantly reduced by 61%.(x2 for linear trend=33.18, p<0.001). Majority of the neonatal deaths (72%) occurred within first 7 days of life and more than a third (39%) died within the first 24 hours of life. Respiratory distress syndrome, perinatal asphyxia and neonatal sepsis were three major causes of death. Deaths due to respiratory distress and perinatal asphyxia has not changed significantly over the years (p=0.4 and 0.25 respectively). Incidence of low birth weight ranges from 10.8 – 16.1% of total live births. 63% of neonatal mortality occurred in low birth weight babies. This trend has not changed in over the years (x2=1.03, p=0.31). Conclusion: With the improvement in the services, though neonatal mortality remained unchanged, referral rates and mortality due to respiratory distress syndrome of prematurity has decreased. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i3.8957   J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. 2013;33(3):213-217

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