Clinico-epidemiological and pathological profile of lung cancer: a hospital based observational study in Western part of Rajasthan, India

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer causing deaths in men and women world-wide, responsible for over 1 million deaths annually. Although, advances in surgical techniques and combined therapies lung cancer remains a disease with a poor prognosis. Aim of the study was to evaluate the clinico-epidemiological and pathological profile in diagnosed case of lung cancer patients, presenting in the K N Chest hospital.Methods: Initial evaluation after obtaining informed consent, demography, history, clinicoradiological findings of patients and relevant investigations was recorded. Histopathological reports reviewed.Results: Our study included 108 patients with confirmed cases of lung cancer.The mean age of the patients was 57.50 years. The male: female ratio was 5.8:1. Cough was the most common presenting symptom (77.78%) followed by chest pain (62.33%). Clubbing was most commonly associated with squamous cell carcinoma. Most common radiological presentation was consolidation (42.59%) followed by mass lesion (30.55%). Most common histopathological type of lung cancer found in this study was squamous cell carcinoma 47(43.52%) followed by adenocarcinoma 42 (38.89%). Small cell carcinoma was present in 15 (13.89%) and large cell carcinoma was present in 4 (3.70%) study group. The most common pathological cell type in silica dust exposed patient in this study was squamous cell carcinoma followed by adenocarcinoma with occupational history of > 10 years of silica dust exposure in stone mines.Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma still remains the commonest histological subtype followed by adenocarcinoma.

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Lung Cancer - Part I

10.2310/im.1184 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Crawford ◽

John Strickler

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common cancer, surpassed only by prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women. But lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 29% and 26% of all cancer-related deaths in men and women, respectively. The four major pathologic cell types of lung cancer are small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Because they have overlapping clinical behaviors and responses to treatment, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma are generally grouped together in the category of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review discusses both NSCLC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), including lung cancer in those who have never smoked, prevention of lung cancer, with sections on diagnosis, biomarkers, treatment, and supportive care. This review contains 7 figures, 10 tables, and 74 references. Keywords: lung cancer, mediastinoscopy, chemoradiotherapy, TNM staging system, pulmonary parenchyma, segmentectomy

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Lung Cancer - Part I

10.2310/fm.1184 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Crawford ◽

John Strickler

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

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Lung Cancer Part II

10.2310/im.1672 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Crawford

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common cancer, surpassed only by prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women. But lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 29% and 26% of all cancer-related deaths in men and women, respectively. The four major pathologic cell types of lung cancer are small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Because they have overlapping clinical behaviors and responses to treatment, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma are generally grouped together in the category of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review discusses treatment of both NSCLC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This review 2 figures, 19 tables, and 90 references. Keywords: lung cancer, mediastinoscopy, chemoradiotherapy, TNM staging system, pulmonary parenchyma, segmentectomy

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Lung Cancer Part II

10.2310/fm.1672 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Crawford

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common cancer, surpassed only by prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women. But lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 29% and 26% of all cancer-related deaths in men and women, respectively. The four major pathologic cell types of lung cancer are small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Because they have overlapping clinical behaviors and responses to treatment, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma are generally grouped together in the category of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review discusses treatment of both NSCLC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This review 2 figures, 19 tables, and 90 references. Keywords: lung cancer, mediastinoscopy, chemoradiotherapy, TNM staging system, pulmonary parenchyma, segmentectomy

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Epidemiologic trends in lung cancer over two decades in Northern Greece: an analysis of bronchoscopic data

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease ◽

10.4081/monaldi.2009.346 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Kontakiotis ◽

N. Manolakoglou ◽

F. Zoglopitis ◽

D. Iakovidis ◽

L. Sacas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Northern Greece ◽

Female Ratio

Background and Aim. The relative frequency of histological subtypes of lung cancer in Europe has changed dramatically during the 20th century. The aim of this study was to explore the changing epidemiology of lung cancer in Northern Greece over the last two decades. Methods. From the extensive database of the Bronchoscopy Unit of the G. Papanicolaou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, we identified all patients with a histologic and/or cytologic report positive for lung cancer over two consecutive decades. Results. Between 1/1/1986 and 31/12/2005 we identified 9981 patients with specimens positive for lung cancer. A significant increase in mean patient age was observed during the second decade (64.8±9.4 vs. 62.1±8.9, p=0.001). Men developed lung cancer ten times more often than women. The predominant histological type was squamous cell cancer in males (4203 cases, 45.7%) and adenocarcinoma (418 cases, 52.6%) in females. The number of lung cancer cases was significantly higher during the second decade compared to the first decade (5766 cases [57.8%] vs. 4215 cases [42.2%], respectively, p<0.001). There was a significant decrease in the percentage of squamous cell carcinoma in males in the second decade (2317 cases [44.1%] vs. 1886 cases [48.0%], p<0.001), and an increase in adenocarcinoma (1021 cases [19.4%] vs. 609 [11.6%], p<0.001). In females, the relative incidence of adenocarcinoma was decreased and that of squamous cell carcinoma was increased, but not significantly. There was no obvious change in the incidence of small cell lung cancer. Neoplastic lesions were most often located in the upper lobes. Conclusion. The number of lung cancer cases has increased in the last decade. Squamous lung cancer appears to be decreasing in men and increasing in women. Adenocarcinoma appears to be increasing in men and decreasing in women. There appears to be no change in small cell lung cancer. During the second decade there has been a significant decrease in the male: female ratio.

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Pulmonary Large Cell Carcinoma Lacking Squamous Differentiation Is Clinicopathologically Indistinguishable From Solid-Subtype Adenocarcinoma

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2013-0179-oa ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 138 (5) ◽

pp. 626-635 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

David H. Hwang ◽

David P. Szeto ◽

Anthony S. Perry ◽

Jacqueline L. Bruce ◽

Lynette M. Sholl

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Lung Tumor ◽

Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

World Health ◽

Thyroid Transcription Factor 1

Context Pulmonary large cell carcinoma (LCC) includes tumors not readily diagnosed as adenocarcinoma (ADC) or squamous cell carcinoma on morphologic grounds, without regard to immunophenotype, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). This ambiguous designation may cause confusion over selection of mutation testing and directed therapies. Several groups have proposed the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) to recategorize LCC as ADC or squamous cell carcinoma; however, it remains unclear if strictly defined LCCs are a clinicopathologically distinct lung tumor subset. Objective —To compare the pathologic, molecular, and clinical features of 2 morphologically similar tumors: solid-subtype ADC and LCC. Design Tumors were included on the basis of solid growth pattern; tumors with squamous or neuroendocrine differentiation were excluded. Solid ADC (n = 42) and LCC (n = 57) were diagnosed by using WHO criteria (5 intracellular mucin droplets in ≥2 high-power fields for solid ADC) and tested for KRAS, EGFR, and ALK alterations. Results —Both solid ADC and LCC groups were dominated by tumors with “undifferentiated”-type morphology and both had a high frequency of thyroid transcription factor 1 expression. KRAS was mutated in 38% of solid ADCs versus 43% of LCCs (P = .62). One ALK-rearranged and 1 EGFR-mutated tumor were detected in the solid ADC and LCC groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in clinical features or outcomes; the prevalence of smoking in both groups was greater than 95%. Conclusions Other than a paucity of intracellular mucin, LCC lacking squamous or neuroendocrine differentiation is indistinguishable from solid-subtype ADC. We propose the reclassification of these tumors as mucin-poor solid adenocarcinomas.

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Outcome of treatment with 2nd and 3rd generation platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC): A single institute experience

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.18169 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 18169-18169

Author(s):

K. Khodadad ◽

M. R. Malekzadegan ◽

N. Hashemi ◽

A. Azadi ◽

A. H. Abdollah Shamshirsaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Advanced Nsclc ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Study Groups ◽

Female Ratio ◽

2Nd Generation ◽

Platinum Based Chemotherapy

18169 Background: The cornerstone of treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC is chemotherapy. During past years 3rd generation cytotoxic drugs have replaced 2nd generation drugs in combination with platinum. Although some trials suggest that newer agents are less toxic and with better response rates compared to older ones, but overall survival outcomes are similar. Methods: Between 1999- 2005, 275 patients with advanced NSCLC (unresectable IIIA, IIIB and IV) have been treated in our center with either frontline 2nd (204 pts.) or 3rd (71 pts.) generation, platinum-based regimens. Retrospectively we analyzed the outcome of treatment (i.e. response rate and overall survival) in these patients according to the generation of chemotherapy regimen. Results: Male/female ratio was 3.6/1 and mean age 58.9. Pathology subtypes includes: adenocarcinoma (49.8%), squamous cell carcinoma (28%), undiff. NSCLC (21.8%) and large cell carcinoma (0.4%). The RR was higher with 3rd generation protocols compared to 2nd generations (47.9% vs 26.5%, P = 0.001) but the median OS in both groups was statistically non-significant (12.07 vs 10.57 m). Analyzing RR and OS in different pathology subtypes shows that in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell ca. the RR is higher with 3rd generation compared to 2nd generation (40.5% vs 20%, P=0.01 & 72.8% vs 27.3%, P=0.005 respectively), but the OS between these two generations was not statistically significant in both pathology subtypes. In undiff. NSCLC the outcome between 2nd and 3rd generation is non-significant in terms of OS and RR. The distribution of different stages in both study groups was statistically similar. Conclusions: Based on this study the 3rd generation protocols in the treatment of advanced NSCLC is superior to 2nd generation protocols in term of RR, although the median OS is statistically non-significant. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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A Case of Synchronous Triple Primary Lung Cancers Composed of Adenocarcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Large Cell Carcinoma in the Right Lung.

Haigan ◽

10.2482/haigan.36.147 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 147-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuichiro Takeda ◽

Masahiro Seike ◽

Shigeto Kawachi ◽

Tatsurou Watanabe ◽

Shouji Kudoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

The Right

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Combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1985.3.11.1478 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

pp. 1478-1485 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

D Osoba ◽

J J Rusthoven ◽

K A Turnbull ◽

W K Evans ◽

F A Shepherd

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Performance Status ◽

Large Cell Carcinoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Small Cell ◽

Entire Group ◽

Small Cell Lung

Fifty-three patients with recurrent and advanced stage (III and IV) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with a combination of bleomycin, etoposide (VP-16-213), and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (BEP). Forty-eight patients were appraisable for response. The response rates were 44% for the entire group, 57% in 30 patients with combined squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma, and 22% in 18 patients with adenocarcinoma (40%, 50%, and 19%, respectively, if patients not appraisable for response are included as nonresponders). The median survival time of patients with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma was slightly longer than that of patients with adenocarcinoma (23 weeks v 19 weeks). Patients with responsive disease survived significantly longer (median, 34 weeks) than did patients with unresponsive disease (median, 16 weeks) (P = .001). In the entire group, the median survival time of patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 was better (23 weeks) than of those with a status of 2 or 3 (15 weeks), but this difference was not seen in the subgroup with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma (24 weeks v 23 weeks, respectively). Thus, the performance status was not of prognostic value in the histologic subgroups experiencing the best response rate. There were two treatment-related deaths, but otherwise the toxicity of BEP was acceptable. Only four of the 119 treatment cycles were followed by fever even though there was significant neutropenia (0.5 X 10(9)/L) after 20 of 97 treatment cycles. The majority of patients receiving BEP experienced relief of cough, hemoptysis, pain, and fatigue associated with their disease. There was a good correlation between objective responses and palliation of symptoms. Thus, BEP offers good palliation, particularly for patients with squamous-cell and large-cell lung cancer.

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