scholarly journals Long term effect of nutrition on thyroid disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Mohammed Salah Hussein ◽  
Lama Samir Asiri ◽  
Sadeem Wadia Asali ◽  
Abdulaziz Mohsin Alawlaqi ◽  
Gadeer Sameer Sibah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Feedback Mechanisms ◽  
Nutritional Elements ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Long Term Effect

Many forms of thyroid diseases have been classified under autoimmune thyroid disease. These include hyperthyroidism or commonly known as Grave’s disease, and hypothyroidism commonly identified as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Many nutritional elements have been linked to the function of the thyroid gland as any disturbance in these elements can lead to the development of relevant thyroid diseases. The most important elements include iodine, iron, selenium, zinc, and soy. In this current manuscript, we aimed to discuss the effect of these nutritional elements on the development of thyroid diseases by reviewing relevant studies in the literature. Although it is widely known that iodine is an essential component for the synthesis and release of these hormones, exaggerated intake of iodine can also lead to the development of hypothyroidism by negative feedback mechanisms. Besides, it can also trigger abnormal autoimmune reactions which can lead to the development of AITD. Selenium is another important factor and evidence shows that it has been associated with Grave’s thyroiditis, however, further evidence is needed as recommended by previous investigations. Clinicians should also take care of iron, zinc, and soy levels during management to obtain a better prognosis.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and thyroid diseases: a bidirectional impact

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas H Duntas ◽  
Jacqueline Jonklaas
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Autoimmune Hypothyroidism ◽  
Spanish Influenza ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has become the most lethal and rapidly-moving pandemic since the Spanish influenza of 1918-1920, is associated with thyroid diseases. Methods References were identified through searches of PubMed and MEDLINE for articles published from Jan 1, 2019 to February 19, 2021 by use of the MeSH terms “hypothyroidism”, “hyperthyroidism”, “thyroiditis”, “thyroid cancer”, “thyroid disease”, in combination with the terms “coronavirus” and “COVID-19”. Articles resulting from these searches and references cited in those articles were reviewed. Results Though pre-existing autoimmune thyroid disease appears unlikely to render patients more vulnerable to COVID-19, some reports have documented relapse of Graves’ disease (GD) or newly diagnosed GD about 1 month following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Investigations are ongoing to investigate molecular pathways permitting the virus to trigger GD or cause subacute thyroiditis (SAT). While COVID-19 is associated with non-thyroidal illness, it is not clear whether it also increases the risk of developing autoimmune hypothyroidism. The possibility that thyroid dysfunction may also increase susceptibility for COVID-19 infection deserves further investigation. Recent data illustrate the importance of thyroid hormone in protecting the lungs from injury, including that associated with COVID-19. Conclusions The interaction between the thyroid gland and COVID-19 is complex and bidirectional. COVID-19 infection is associated with triggering of GD and SAT, and possibly hypothyroidism. Until more is understood regarding the impact of coronavirus on the thyroid gland, it seems advisable to monitor patients with COVID-19 for new thyroid disease or progression of pre-existing thyroid disease.

Ultrasonography of the thyroid gland in pregnancies complicated by autoimmune thyroid disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Zimmermann ◽  
Teuvo Takala ◽  
Lauri Pöyhönen ◽  
Reijo Punnonen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

A LONG-TERM FOLLOW UP OF PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASE

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. KHANGURE ◽  
P. R. DINGLE ◽  
J. STEPHENSON ◽  
T. BIRD ◽  
R. HALL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

A case of watery diarrhoea syndrome due to an adrenal phaeochromocytoma secreting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide with coincidental autoimmune thyroid disease

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Fisher ◽  
G. J. A. MacPhee ◽  
D. L. Davies ◽  
S. G. McPherson ◽  
I. L. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Biochemical Testing ◽  
Well Differentiated

Abstract. A 40 year old woman presented with a 10 year history of watery diarrhoea and an acute quadriparesis. On clinical examination there was severe muscle weakness and a nodule was palpable in the thyroid gland. Biochemical testing revealed a hypokalaemia at 1.6 mmol/l. Plasma levels of VIP were raised at 202 pmol/l. CT scanning demonstrated a mass in the area of the left adrenal gland, and isotope scanning of the thyroid gland showed a 'cold' nodule. The plasma catecholamines and calcitonin were elevated. The patient also presented with psychiatric symptoms, and the relevance of these to her condition has been discussed. At operation a left adrenal tumour was removed. Post-operatively the patient's symptoms disappeared and the plasma hormone levels returned to normal values. Histological examination of the tumour revealed a well differentiated phaeochromocytoma which contained VIP and calcitonin. The thyroid nodule was excised and showed histological features of autoimmune thyroid disease. It is suggested that in all cases of the WDHA syndrome where the tumour is in an extra-pancreatic site patients should be screened for phaeochromocytoma.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation Is Associated with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 4587-4592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Völzke ◽  
André Werner ◽  
Henri Wallaschofski ◽  
Nele Friedrich ◽  
Daniel M. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

Context: The thyroid gland is a potential target organ for radiation-related damage. Objective: The aim of the analysis was to investigate the association between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Design: Our design was the cross-sectional Study of Health in Pomerania. Setting: The setting was the general community. Subjects: Analyses were performed in a population-based sample of 4299 subjects. Among them, 160 persons reported a history of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation. Main Outcome Measure: AITD was defined as the combined presence of hypoechogenicity in thyroid ultrasound and antithyroxiperoxidase antibodies greater than 200 IU/ml. Results: Females with occupational exposure to ionizing radiation had more often AITD than nonexposed females (10.0 vs. 3.4%; P < 0.05). This association persisted after adjustment for relevant confounders (odds ratio, 3.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–10.31; P < 0.05). In males, there were too few subjects who fulfilled the criteria of AITD, but the association between the exposure to radiation and hypoechogenicity of the thyroid gland barely missed statistical significance (odds ratio, 2.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.92–5.26; P = 0.08). In both females and males, subjects who reported a length of exposure of more than 5 yr exhibited the highest risk of the endpoints. Conclusions: We conclude that occupational exposure to ionizing radiation is related to the risk of AITD. The usage of thyroid protection shields by radiation workers is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Psoriasis Vulgaris after COVID-19 in a Male Teenager

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nadia K. Qureshi ◽  
Sanjay K. Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

COVID-19 is implicated in triggering autoimmune, dermatologic, and thyroid diseases. We present a first known case of development of Graves’ disease and psoriasis vulgaris in a previously healthy male teenager without any family history, diagnosed after COVID-19 infection. Evaluation of “long COVID syndrome” should include thorough history and thyroid evaluation.

scholarly journals The Role of Medical Staff in Shaping the Nutrition Habits in Patients with Autoimmunization Thyroid Diseases in Poland.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Czubek ◽  
Piotr Romaniuk ◽  
Klaudia Alcer ◽  
Mirjana Varjacic
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

Abstract Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases are the most common diseases in humans. Their pathogenesis is complex. Patients are searching for ways of coping with them condition, including diet modifications. The aim of this study was to assess the role of medical personnel in shaping eating habits in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease based on experiences declared by patients. Methods: There were 208 people that took part in the study, of which 205 were qualified for final analysis. The results showed that patients most often choose online sources, while medical personnel rank second as the source of information on dietary recommendations.Results: People with thyroid disease are statistically more likely to use dietitian advice than people without thyroid disease. The highest percentage of respondents decided to modify their nutrition due to their own initiative. In addition, patients with autoimmune thyroid disease are statistically more likely to consider changing their diet to improve their well-being. The connection between the source of advice and modification of eating behaviour was also noted.Conclusion: Thanks to the joint effort of medical staff, patients can receive reliable knowledge about their disease, treatment and nutrition adapted to their needs.Trial registration: approved by the Bioethics Committee of Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (opinion no.: PCN/0022/KB1/80/2).

scholarly journals The Spectrum of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in the Short to Medium Term Following Interferon-αTherapy for Chronic Hepatitis C

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huy A. Tran ◽  
Glenn E. M. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Interferon Therapy ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

Autoimmune thyroid diseases are common manifestations of hepatitis C infection, exacerbated by interferon-based treatment. However, the occurrence and pattern of thyroid disease in the short/medium term following the completion of IFN-based therapy is relatively unknown and there are very few previous reports regarding the specific spectrum of autoimmune thyroid disease that may follow such therapy. We hereby report 3 cases which demonstrate the range of thyroid diseases that may occur following interferon therapy. The hypothesis advanced is that in the pathogenesis of these conditions there must be both triggering and sustaining mechanisms as thyroid diseases occur well outside the immediate effect window of pegylated interferon. This paper suggests the need to continue thyroid surveillance in IFN-treated HCV patients following the completion of therapy, perhaps for the first 6 months.

Long-term Pathologic Changes of α1-Acid Glycoprotein (orosomucoid) Glycoforms in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Autoimmunity ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zimmermann-Belsing ◽  
U. Feldt-Rasmussen ◽  
G. From ◽  
H. Perrild ◽  
T.C. Bøg-Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein

scholarly journals Autoimmune thyroid disease and associated autoimmunity

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Djurica ◽  
Bozo Trbojevic ◽  
Dragoslav Milosevic ◽  
Natasa Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Endocrine Orbitopathy ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Autoimmune Attack ◽  
Organ Specific

Autoimmune diseases are manifested in a broad spectrum. Classic examples of organ-specific autoimmune disease include Addison?s disease, insulin-dependent type-1 Diabetes mellitus, Grave?s disease (MGB), and Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). The initial report of this autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) dates back to Hakira Hashimoto (1912). In HT, as an organ-specific autoimmune disease, massive infiltration of lymphoid cells and parenchyma destruction are a consistent feature. The infiltration appears to be immune-mediated, primarily lymphocytic (T helper, T suppressor cells), NK cells and B cells. The pathological characteristics of AITD include development of the goitre (atrophic form is not so frequent), impaired thyroid gland function (from hyperthyroidism to subclinical and manifested hypothyroidism) and the formation of antithyroidal antibodies against thyroglobulin (AbTg) and the microsomal antigen (Ab TPO). There is a very good correlation between the antibodies against TPO and the histological findings. Morbus Graves Basedow is characterized by autoimmune hyperthyroidism with goitre, and infiltrative orbitopathy. Autoantibodies against the TSH-receptor molecule on the plasma membrane of the thyroid gland follicles cause a nonphysiological activation and an increase of the cellular function. Besides this hyperthyroidal condition, an autoimmune attack against the retrobulbar tissue leading to endocrine orbitopathy, can be noted in about 40% of patients suffering from MGB.

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