scholarly journals Ectopic thyroid tissue presenting as an external auditory canal mass

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Nishikanta Verma ◽  
Samuel Devanesan Abishegam ◽  
Abdul Razak Bin Haji Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

<p class="abstract">An ectopic thyroid is a rare occurrence with a majority of ectopic thyroid tissue located in the lingual region or in the midline. The abnormal sites represent developmental defects in migration from the floor of the primitive foregut at the foramen caecum of the tongue to the final pre-tracheal position of the gland. A few cases of ectopic thyroid tissue have also been reported from sites seemingly unrelated to the normal development of the thyroid gland.  We report a case of ectopic thyroid in the external ear canal, which presented as a small reddish mass in the external ear canal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such reported case in literature and adds to the body of knowledge in such cases. Although such a finding is exceedingly rare, the authors recommend routine histopathology in all cases of polyps in the external canal and standard investigation for the status of the residual thyroid gland via isotope scans, ultrasonography or thyroid function tests.</p>

scholarly journals Ectopic thyroid tissue: anatomical, clinical, and surgical implications of a rare entity

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Noussios ◽  
Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽  
Dimitrios G Goulis ◽  
Dimitrios Lappas ◽  
Konstantinos Natsis
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Radioiodine Ablation

Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare entity resulting from developmental defects at early stages of thyroid gland embryogenesis, during its passage from the floor of the primitive foregut to its final pre-tracheal position. It is frequently found around the course of the thyroglossal duct or laterally in the neck, as well as in distant places such as the mediastinum and the subdiaphragmatic organs. Although most cases are asymptomatic, symptoms related to tumor size and its relationship with surrounding tissues may also appear. Any disease affecting the thyroid gland may also involve the ectopic thyroid, including malignancy. The clinician must distinguish between ectopic thyroid and metastatic deposits emerging from an orthotopic gland, as well as other benign or malignant masses. Thyroid scintigraphy plays the most important role in diagnosing ectopy, but ultrasonography contributes as well. In cases of symptomatic disease, surgery is the treatment of choice, followed by radioiodine ablation and levothyroxine suppression therapy in more refractory cases. This review provides current understanding about the wide clinical spectrum of this rare condition, also referring to optimal diagnostic approach, differential diagnosis, and management strategies.

scholarly journals Ectopic Papillary Carcinoma in the Midline Neck Accompanied by a Benign Thyroid Gland

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Lauran Evans ◽  
SeHoon Park ◽  
Christie Elliott ◽  
Courtney Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Duct Cyst ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Ectopic thyroid tissue can deposit anywhere in the body. There are several cases reporting papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) arising from ectopic tissues; however, these cases largely presented with primary PTC within the native thyroid gland as well. Alternatively, some cases report of PTC found solely in an ectopic thyroglossal duct cyst, but reports of isolated malignancy in other types of ectopic thyroid tissue with normal native tissue are sparse throughout the literature. Here, we present an unusual case of PTC in the midline anterior neck that does not appear to be consistent with a thyroglossal duct cyst, accompanied by a completely benign native thyroid gland, of which only few cases have been reported.

scholarly journals Developing anterior mediastinum mass after orthotopic thyroidectomy: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Meira Soares Camelo ◽  
José Maria Barros
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Scan ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Adjacent Structures

Abstract Background Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare embryological aberration described by the occurrence of thyroid tissue at a site other than in its normal pretracheal location. Depending on the time of the disruption during embryogenesis, ectopic thyroid may occur at several positions from the base of the tongue to the thyroglossal duct. Ectopic mediastinal thyroid tissue is normally asymptomatic, but particularly after orthotopic thyroidectomy, it might turn out to be symptomatic. Symptoms are normally due to compression of adjacent structures. Case presentation We present a case of a 66-year-old male submitted to a total thyroidectomy 3 years ago, due to multinodular goiter (pathological results revealed nodular hyperplasia and no evidence of malignancy), under thyroid replacement therapy. Over the last year, he developed hoarseness, choking sensation in the chest, and shortness of breath. Thyroid markers were unremarkable. He was submitted to neck and thoracic computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide thyroid scan. Imaging results identified an anterior mediastinum solid lesion. A radionuclide thyroid scan confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient refused surgery. Conclusions Ectopic thyroid tissue can occur either as the only detectable thyroid gland tissue or in addition to a normotopic thyroid gland. After a total thyroidectomy, thyroid-stimulating hormone can promote a compensatory volume growth of previously asymptomatic ectopic tissue. This can be particularly diagnosis challenging since ectopic tissue can arise as an ambiguous space-occupying lesion.

scholarly journals Submandibular ectopic thyroid gland: an uncommon presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inès Riahi ◽  
Rim Fradi ◽  
Ibtissem Ben Nacef ◽  
Ahlem Blel
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Submandibular Region ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Uncommon Presentation

Abstract Background Ectopic thyroid is a developmental anomaly of the thyroid gland of embryological origin. Instead of having a pretracheal situation, thyroid tissue is elsewhere, most commonly in the median cervical line along the course of the thyroglossal duct. Lingual thyroid is the most common presentation. Ectopic thyroid tissue in the submandibular region has been rarely reported. Case presentation We report herein a case of a 65-year-old man admitted to our department with a complaint of a painless swelling in the left submandibular region. Conclusions Thyroid gland ectopia should be considered among the differential diagnoses of submandibular swelling. Ectopic thyroid tissue can present with the same pathology affecting the normal thyroid gland such as malignancy and hyperthyroidism.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma in a lateral neck cyst: primary of ectopic thyroid tissue versus cystic metastasis

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (7) ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Xu ◽  
K Kwan ◽  
K Fung
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Cystic Degeneration ◽  
Lateral Neck ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

AbstractObjective:To review the diagnosis of primary papillary carcinoma of ectopic thyroid tissue within branchial cleft cysts, and to discuss the diagnostic challenge of differentiating this condition from metastatic disease when an occult microcarcinoma is found in the thyroid gland.Methods:These comprise a case report and a literature review. We present the case of a 75-year-old woman with papillary thyroid carcinoma within the wall of a recurrent, 15 cm, lateral neck cyst.Results:Histological examination of the patient's thyroid gland found a 0.5 mm papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.Conclusion:Our differential diagnosis was primary papillary carcinoma arising from ectopic thyroid tissue, or metastatic cystic degeneration of a lateral lymph node. We make an argument for the former.

scholarly journals Thyroid Tissue Connected to Normally Located Thyroid Gland: Ectopic or Exophytic?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Keles ◽  
Sule Ozkara ◽  
Turgut Karlidag ◽  
İbrahim Hanifi Ozercan
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Fine Needle Biopsy ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Fibrous Band ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
The Right

Ectopic thyroid tissue is seen rarely. It is often seen in cervical midline, and rarely in other areas such as submandibular area. Diagnosis is made histopathologically by fine needle biopsy after the elimination of malignancy. In the treatment of ectopic thyroid tissue, surgical excision is mostly applied. According to our knowledge, there is no exophytic thyroid tissue reported in the literature. In this paper, a 32-year-old woman who presented with a swelling under the right jaw and found a thyroid tissue attached to the normally located thyroid gland with a fibrous band in the neck was discussed.

Exostoses of the External Auditory Canal

1979 ◽  
Vol 88 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. DiBartolomeo
Keyword(s):  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
The North ◽  
Prolonged Contact

Exostosis of the external ear canal is a disease unique to man. It has been identified in prehistoric man, affecting the aborigines of the North American continent. Aural exostoses are typically firm, sessile, multinodular bony masses which arise from the tympanic ring of the bony portion of the external auditory canal. These growths develop subsequent to prolonged irritation of the canal. The large, primitive jaw of prehistoric man placed great mechanical stress on the tympanic ring. Chronic aural suppuration seen in the preantibiotic era was soon followed by exostoses. Today, prolonged contact of the external ear canal with cold sea water is the most prevalent cause (aquatic theory). As a result the disease is now essentially limited to coastal regions. In this way we have seen exostoses appear in different stages of the evolution of man as a result of mechanical, chemical and now thermal irritation. The author is an otolaryngologist in a coastal region. In examining 11,000 patients during a ten-year period, 70 cases of symptomatic exostoses of the external auditory canal were identified. The incidence of exostoses was found to be 6.36 per 1,000 patients examined for otolaryngologic disease. It is a predominantly male disease. The development of these “irritation nodules” is painless until the tenth year of aquatic exposure to irritation, when symptoms of obstruction occur. The hearing loss associated with exostoses is usually a conductive type, secondary to occlusion of the canal by impacted cerumen or acute external otitis. The results of studying the thermal characteristics of the body of water used for such aquatic activities is presented.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal ectopic thyroid tissue with normally located thyroid gland and primary hyperparathyroidism: a case report

Gland Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1532-1541
Author(s):  
Emir Muzurović ◽  
Brigita Smolović ◽  
Mirjana Miladinović ◽  
Damir Muhović ◽  
Branko Čampar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Aggressive Ectopic Thyroid Cancer in a Patient With Graves Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A878-A879
Author(s):  
Ejaz Mahmood ◽  
Catherine Anastasopoulou ◽  
Nissa Blocher
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Abstract Background: Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare entity with a prevalence of 1 per 300,000 persons. Malignancy in ectopic thyroid tissue is reported in &lt;1% of these cases.[1] We report a case of aggressive papillary carcinoma in ectopic thyroid gland in a patient with Graves’ disease. Case: A 65-year old woman was incidentally found to have a 3.1 cm mass with coarse calcifications in the superior mediastinum on CT scan of chest. Ultrasound confirmed the presence of hypoechoic mass which was separate from thyroid. Additionally, a 0.5cm TI-Rad 4 left thyroid lobe nodule was found. FNA of the mediastinal mass was suspicious for follicular thyroid neoplasm. Thyramir testing was positive for BRAF V600E and TERT c-124C&gt;T mutations. Thyroid function tests showed frank hyperthyroidism and elevated thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins. Thyroid uptake and scan showed diffuse uptake of 67% at 24 hours. The patient underwent simultaneous excision of mediastinal mass and total thyroidectomy. The pathology of mediastinal mass showed papillary thyroid cancer with tall and sclerosis features with one involved lymph node. The pathology of thyroid gland did not show any malignancy. She was treated with 100 mCi I-131. Post treatment Whole Body Nuclear Scan after treatment revealed metastatic disease in left lower lung area. Discussion: Ectopic thyroid gland is usually found anywhere between forman caecum and mediastinum. It is rare to find ectopic thyroid tissue in the presence of eutopic thyroid gland which can create a diagnostic dilemma. Only a very few case reports of thyroid cancer arising from ectopic thyroid tissue have been reported. Our case is unique as the eutopic thyroid gland had Graves’ disease with no malignancy but the ectopic thyroid tissue developed aggressive papillary thyroid cancer. There are no specific guidelines for the management of carcinoma in ectopic thyroid glands, possibly due to the rarity of the condition. Our case has a clear metastasis to the lungs. However, it is important to differentiate ectopic thyroid tissue with carcinoma from thyroid cancer metastasis which can be difficult at times. Without specific guidelines for the management of cancer in ectopic thyroids, an individualised approach can be taken using the same therapeutic principals used in the management of eutopic thyroid cancer. Additionally, a finding of a normal thyroid gland or a benign condition in the thyroid gland should not exclude the diagnosis of malignancy in ectopic thyroid tissues. 1) Vázquez, Oscar R., et al. “Ectopic papillary thyroid cancer with distant metastasis.” Case reports in endocrinology 2018 (2018).

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