scholarly journals Impact of adenoidectomy on middle ear function in children between 5-12 years of age with chronic adenoiditis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1611
Author(s):  
G. Agaman ◽  
Jayita D. Poduval
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Adenoid Hypertrophy ◽  
Chronic Adenoiditis

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis media with effusion (OME) is an inflammatory disorder of the middle ear that is characterised by the presence of endotympanic fluid without any sign or symptom of acute ear infection, which may lead to hearing loss or long-term sequelae and have a negative impact on speech development and behaviour. Aim of the study was to determine the influence of adenoidectomy on middle ear function in children with chronic adenoiditis and to correlate degree of adenoid hypertrophy with middle ear function.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional study comprised 50 cases, who were 5-12 years of either sex presenting to ear, nose and throat outpatient department (ENT OPD) with grade 3, 4 adenoid hypertrophy. After detailed history and clinical examination, investigations such as pure tone audiogram, impedance audiometry, X-ray nasopharynx and diagnostic nasal endoscopy were carried out to confirm the diagnosis. All patients were posted for adenoidectomy by curettage. They were followed up at 1st, 3rd and 6th month for pure tone audiometry and impedance was done at 6th month of surgery.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study, maximum number (82%) of cases belonged to more than 7 years age group. On otoscopy, dull, amber coloured tympanic membranes ™ was the most common finding in 78% of cases. 66% had adenoid hypertrophy grade three and 34% had adenoid hypertrophy grade four. Mean audiometry findings at preoperative, and one month and 3 months post-op intervals are 24.2, 13.28 and 12.2, and the p value is less than 0.0001, which is statistically significant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It may be concluded, that adenoidectomy completely eliminates the effusion in the middle ear cavity and exhibits significant postoperative hearing improvement.</p>

scholarly journals Hearing assessment and status of tympanic membrane pre and post-operated tympanoplasty in cases of CSOM.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2581-2585
Author(s):  
Tahir Hussain x Tahir Hussain Khan ◽  
Humaira Tahir ◽  
Imran Ali ◽  
Sohail Abdul Malik
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
P Value ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Hearing Improvement ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Hearing Assessment

Objectives: To compare assessment of hearing by PTA and status of tympanic membrane by oto-endoscope, pre-operative and post-operative tympanoplasty. Study Design: Retrospective/ Comparative study. Setting: Two different hospitals in Karachi. 1-Social Security Landhi Hospital Karachi. 2- Al-Tibri medical College & Hospital, Old Thana, Malir, Karachi. Period: July 2017 to June 2018. Material & Methods: 76 patients were included for this study with both genders who had dry tympanic membrane perforations. Age ranges between 18 to 40 years. Made two groups A (pre-operative and B (post-operative). In group-A, examined tympanic membrane perforations. 45 patients had small size (25%) perforations, 15 medium size (50%) and 16 subtotal (75%). Hearing assessment done by Pure tone Audiometry (PTA). After 1. 2 and 3 months post-tympanoplasty, examined grafted tympanic membrane and compared pre-operated status of tympanic membrane with post-operated status of tympanic membrane. PTA done after 3 months and compared it with pre-operated PTA. Results: Examination of tympanic membrane before tympanoplasty performed, perforations noted in all patients with different sizes in their tympanic membrane. PTA (pure tone audiometry) advised before tympanoplasty to all patients. Weber test performed on 1st post-operated day, it was lateralized towards operated ear which indicate the safety of inner ear. Post-operated 1, 2 and 3 months examined tympanic membrane with oto-endoscope. Intact grafted tympanic membrane seen in 70 patients after 1 months. After 2 months 72 patients had intact grafted tympanic membrane and after 3 months 73 patients out of 76 patients had intact grafted tympanic membrane. PTA also advised after 3 months of tympanoplasty and compared it with pre-operated pure tone audiometry (PTA). Air conduction (AC) decreased 15.39dB after tympanoplasty. AB-gap reduction 13.95dB seen in 73 patients which showed hearing improvement. P value is < 0.001 significant. Conclusion: Tympanoplasty is a good and safe procedure for hearing improvement by reduction of AB-gap as well as provide protection of middle ear mucosa from infections due to closure of perforations of tympanic membranes.

scholarly journals The correlation between the dialogic parental guidance and the intensity of gadget utilization with the development of speaking and linguistic aspect of children at Tadika Puri early childhood education in 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2512
Author(s):  
Gusti Ayu Martha Winingsih
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
P Value ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Parental Guidance ◽  
Linguistic Aspect

Background :Since child development potentially subjects to disorder or deviation, early screening using the Pre-Screening Developmental Questionnaire must be conducted. The research result of Mardina (2016) shows that 8.2% toddlers experience suspect during their speech development. The introduction to gadget which happens too early and the absence of time limit could bring negative impact. Dialogic guidance from parents is highly needed to minimize the negative impact(s) of gadget utilization. This research aims to find the correlation between the dialogic parental guidance and the intensity of gadget utilization with the development of speech and linguistic on early childhood.  Methods :The research design was analytical reseach with cross-sectional arrangement and quantitative approach. It was conducted at Tadika Puri Kindergarten. The size of sample was 35 people with purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were questionnaire and pre-screening developmental questionnaire (PDQ). The data analysis technique used was chi square and logistic regression test. Results :Based on the research results, the majority of 25 respondents (71.4%) received good parental guidance, almost half or 10 respondents (28.6 %) had high-intensity of gadget utilization, while the other half i.e. 11 respondents.  (31.4%) experienced late development in speech and linguistic aspect. P value (0.02) < 0.05, there is correlation between dialogic parental guidance with speech development. P value (0.03) < 0.05 meant that there is correlation between the intensity and the linguistic development. Regression test, p value: = 0.018 < 0.05 , OR =4,307 which meant that intensity has special correlation and has opportunity which is 4 times bigger than dialogic parental guidance.Conclusion :There is correlation between dialogic guidance and the intensity of gadget utilization on the development of speech and linguistic.  

scholarly journals A Correlative Study Between Size of Tympanic Membrane Perforation, Pure Tone Audiometry and Intraoperative Findings in Tympanoplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Santosh U P ◽  
Sridurga J ◽  
Aravind D R
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
Membrane Perforation ◽  
Operative Findings

Introduction             Chronic otitis media (COM) is a most common and prevalent disease of the middle ear. COM has been defined as a longstanding inflammatory condition of middle ear and mastoid, associated with perforation of the tympanic membrane. Tympanoplasties are common surgeries performed for chronic otitis media in inactive mucosal type. Any otological surgery may involve a menace/ hazard of hearing loss post operatively.             In this study, an attempt was made to correlate, size of tympanic membrane perforation, pure tone audiometry and intra-operative findings in tympanoplasties, results were analysed and conclusion drawn. Materials and Methods Forty patients attending ENT OPD with chronic otitis media (COM), inactive mucosal type, with conductive hearing loss undergoing tympanoplasties who were willing to participate in the study were selected.  Ear was examined pre-operatively to assess the size of perforation and then, pure tone audiometry (PTA) was done to assess the type of hearing loss and its severity. During tympanoplasty, middle ear was inspected for ossicular status and any other pathology was noted. Later, the size of tympanic membrane perforation, pure tone audiometry and intra operative findings were correlated with each other and analysed. Result  In small and medium sized perforation, PTA and intraoperative findings correlated with each other. Whereas, in large and subtotal perforation, there was no correlation. Conclusion             In small and medium sized perforation, middle ear inspection may not be necessary. Whereas, in large and subtotal perforation it is necessary. 

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF HEARING THRESHOLDS IN PROFESSIONAL DRIVERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
R. Shanthimalar ◽  
R. Bhuvaneswari ◽  
V. Sumathi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
P Value ◽  
Professional Drivers ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Noise has become a very important stress factor in the environment. Drivers are the most commonly affected persons due to trafc noise. The majority of drivers remain unaware about noise induced hearing loss as this is an insidious process, leading to temporary or permanent hearing impairment, but preventable. Pure Tone audiometric test is used to determine the degree of hearing loss in noise exposed individuals. Aim & Objective: To nd the hearing threshold levels for high and mid frequency sounds for both ears in Professional drivers. To evaluate the preponderance of hearing loss between right and left ear using hearing thresholds. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in 100 Professional male drivers aged between 30-40 years who are working in Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation, Madurai. Pure tone audiometry was used to measure the high and mid frequency hearing threshold levels in both ears. Results: The mean (SD) hearing threshold for high and mid frequency sounds was signicantly higher in left ear comparative to right ear with P value < 0.05. The statistically signicant difference in hearing loss was observed between both ears. Conclusion : Our study showed statistically signicant higher hearing threshold for high and mid frequency sounds in left ear compared to right ear, that concludes left ear is more prone for hearing loss than the right ear

Predictive role of Carhart's notch in pre-operative assessment for middle-ear surgery

2006 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Yasan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Stapes Footplate ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Objectives: To evaluate the predictive role of the audiometric Carhart's notch for the assessment of middle-ear pathology prior to surgical intervention.Method: In this retrospective analysis, a total of 315 operated ears of 305 patients were evaluated regarding their pre-operative pure tone audiograms and peri-operative findings. The probable relationship between the middle-ear pathologies found and the Carhart's notch found on pre-operative pure tone audiometry was investigated. Patients with conductive hearing loss who obtained at least a 10 dB improvement (at 1 and 2 kHz frequencies) in their bone conduction threshold post-operatively were included in the Carhart's notch group. The pathologies underlying Carhart's notch were compared.Results: Three hundred and fifteen ears of 305 consecutive patients with conductive hearing loss were operated on due to middle-ear pathology. In patients with otosclerosis and tympanosclerosis, a Carhart's notch was seen at 2 kHz in 28 (93 per cent) patients but at 1 kHz in only two (7 per cent). However, in patients with chronic otitis media, a Carhart's notch was seen at 1 kHz in 10 (55 per cent) patients and at 2 kHz in eight (45 per cent) patients.Conclusions: Otitis media with effusion, tympanosclerosis and congenital malformations should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with a Carhart's notch seen on pure tone audiometry. A Carhart's notch at 2 kHz indicates stapes footplate fixation, whereas one at 1 kHz indicates a mobile stapes footplate; the footplate mobility can thus be predicted pre-operatively.

Middle Ear Disorders and Hearing Loss in Native Hawaiian Preschoolers

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Pang-Ching ◽  
Michael Robb ◽  
Robert Heath ◽  
Mona Takumi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Native Hawaiian ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
School Year ◽  
Serial Testing ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Kamehameha Schools

This study reported on the prevalence of middle ear disorders and hearing loss among native Hawaiian preschoolers. The subjects included children enrolled in the Kamehameha Schools on the islands of Kauai, Maui, and Oahu. At the beginning of the school year, each child received a battery of tests that included pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflectometry, and pneumatic otoscopy. Approximately 15% of the children failed a majority of these tests. Serial testing, involving pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry, was administered at regular intervals throughout the school year. Approximately 9–15% of the children failed both audiometric and tympanometric tests at each of the serial screenings. The results are discussed in comparison to other indigenous groups at risk for middle ear disorders and hearing loss and as evidence of the need to develop systematic screenings for Hawaii’s preschool children.

Impedance Bridge (Tympanometer) As a Screening Device in Schools

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-472
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
School Health ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Ear Effusion ◽  
Impedance Bridge

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM There is confusion in schools about the proper use of the impedance bridge. Some groups recommend its use as a substitute for audiometry and suggest physician referral on the basis of an abnormal tympanogram. In our opinion this is inappropriate. BACKGROUND The impedance bridge primarily detects asymptomatic middle ear effusion. This effusion may cause a conductive hearing loss (rarely greater than 20 to 30 dB). There is no consensus as to the advisability of treating this effusion, because it usually remits spontaneously within 2 to 3 months. RECOMMENDATIONS The Committee on School Health recommends that (1) the impedance bridge should not be used in mass screening programs for the detection of hearing loss or middle ear effusion; (2) the impedance bridge may be used in the school setting only as an aid in the diagnosis of individual children who are at high risk for, or who are suspected of having, otitis media with effusion; (3) hearing screening by pure-tone audiometry be used as the primary method of detection of hearing loss in school children; (4) the impedance bridge not be used as a replacement for audiometric screening, because it will not detect sensory neural hearing loss and may lead to overreferral of children with asymptomatic middle ear effusion; (5) any persistent abnormality detected by either the impedance bridge or pure-tone audiometry should result in a prompt referral to the child's pediatrician.

scholarly journals Hearing Loss Among Excessive Mobile Phone Users; A Cross Sectional Study At Bahawal Victoria And Civil Teaching Hospitals Bahawalpur

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asim Shafique ◽  
Muhammad Fahim ◽  
Masood Akhtar ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Anwar ◽  
Anum Jamshed
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To assess the hearing loss among the subjects using excessive mobile phone. Methodology: 50 subjects were entered for this study with age ranging from 20 to 40 years using mobile phone for more than 5 years. 25 subjects who used mobile phone for less than (<) 60 min /day formed one group, while 25 subjects who used cell phone for more than (>) 60 min /day formed the second group. The hearing levels of all the subjects were tested using Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA). Duration of mobile phone usage was assessed by questionnaires. Results: There was a significant increase (p-value .00006) in the hearing thresholds at all frequencies in air conduction and bone conduction in right ear in test group compared with the control group. Similar result was found in the left ear except for bone conduction at frequency 4 and 6 (kilo hertz) kHz. Excessive use of mobile phone caused Sensory neural hearing loss and the prevalence was 84% in group who used mobile phone for > 60 min / day and 20% in group who used for < 60 min / day. Conclusion: Excessive use of mobile phone may cause increase in pure tone threshold associated with the duration of usage. The use for more than 5 years with more than 60 minutes daily can produce harmful effects on human hearing.

scholarly journals Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Thakur ◽  
Baleshwar Yadav ◽  
Manish Agrawal ◽  
Kailash Khaki Shrestha ◽  
Raj Kumar Bedajit
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Background: The orofacial cleft is the most common birth anomaly with a prevalence rate ranging from 1/1000 to 2.69/ 1000. The middle ear diseases are known to be associated with cleft palate, however, the prevalence and the magnitude of the condition is usually underestimated. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the various exisiting ear abnormalities, to assess the middle ear function and hearing status  in patients with cleft palate and confirm the existence of these manifestations and their significance. Materials and Methods: All the patients with cleft palate with or without cleft lip over a one-year duration from January to December 2018 at the teaching hospital were include after informed consent. The patients with only cleft lip were excluded. General ENT examination and Otoscopy was performed.  Tympanometry and Pure tone Audiometry was done (in those above 5 years). The degree of hearing loss was categorized using the WHO guidelines. Results: Out of a total of 56 patients, there were 30(53.6%) male and 26(46.4%) female. The age range was from 2years to 31 years. The mean age was 12.8 years. Maximum number of patients were in the 10-20 years age group 29(51.8%) followed by 22 (39.3%) in the less than 10 years age group. 53 (47.3%) of 112 ears examined  had dull tympanic membrane, followed by retraction of tympanic membrane in 42 (37.5%) ears. Other findings were central perforation in 5 (4.5%), bulging tympanic membrane in 2 (1.8%) and atticoantral disease in 1 (0.9%) ear. 8 (7.1%) ears  had normal findings. There was one case with right ear atresia (0.9%). In Tympanometry findings, the maximum number of ears, 51 (48.1%) had  type B curve, followed by 33 (31.2%) ears with type As curve. 16 (15%) of ears had type C curve. 6 (5.7%) ears had type A curve. B type curve was found more common in less than 10 years age group. A chi Square test was performed and the findings had statistically significant association.  (P value: 0.03 for Right ear tympanometry ; P value: 0.043 for left ear tympanometry). In Pure tone audiometry findings of 105 ears, 72 (68.6%) ears had mild conductive hearing loss. 10 (9.5%) ears had moderate conductive hearing loss, while 1 (1%) ear had mixed hearing loss. 22 (20.9%) ears had normal hearing level. Conclusion: This study assessed the common ear problems prevalent in cleft patients, along with the hearing loss. Since, ear disease were quite common in these patients, these patients should be evaluated regularly by an otolaryngologist to detect, treat and prevent such problems in these patients so that long term morbidity could be avoided. 

scholarly journals Correlation Between Adenoid Hypertrophy, Tympanometry Findings, and Viscosity of Middle Ear Fluid in Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion, Southern Oman

2019 ◽  
pp. 014556131987543
Author(s):  
Hazem M. Abdel Tawab ◽  
Salim M. Sloma Tabook
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adenoid Hypertrophy ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Adenoid Tissue ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
A Prospective Study

Otitis media with effusion is a common cause of diminished hearing in children younger than 12 years. Hypertrophy of adenoids is one of the commonest etiologies of this condition. It has been mentioned that with increased size of the adenoid tissue, the more likely the incidence of fluid in the middle ear. The aim of this study was to find whether there is a correlation between adenoid size, tympanometric findings, and type of fluid in the middle ear irrespective of disease duration. This is a prospective study done on 100 pediatric patients (12 years and less) presented with chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) and adenoid hypertrophy from July 2015 till July 2017. Cases with tympanometry evidence of COME (B, Cs) and adenoid hypertrophy seen by nasal endoscopy were included. Adenoid size was graded and correlated with the type of tympanometry and type of fluid in the middle ear. Sixty male children and 40 female children were involved. Age ranged from 3 to 12 years with a mean of 7.19 ± 2.489 years. Highly significant relation existed between grade 4 adenoid hypertrophy and mucoid nature of middle ear fluid ( P value = .000). There is a highly significant relation between adenoid hypertrophy grade Ⅳ and type B tympanometry. There is a highly significant relation between adenoid size and nature of middle ear fluid irrespective of the duration of complaints, where grade Ⅳ adenoid hypertrophy showed more increase in middle ear effusion viscosity making adenoid size a very important predictor for the tympanometry type and the nature of the fluid in the middle ear.

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