COVID-19 Household Telephone Survey in Barbados - Round 2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diether Beuermann ◽  
Laura Giles Álvarez ◽  
Bridget Hoffmann ◽  
Diego A. Vera-Cossio
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Household Finances ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Field Organization ◽  
Methodological Aspects

This dataset constitutes a panel follow-up to the 2016 Barbados Survey of Living Conditions. It measures welfare related variables before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic including labor market outcomes, financial literacy, and food security. The survey was executed in November 2020. The Barbados COVID-19 Survey is a project of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). It collected data on critical socioeconomic topics in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic to support policymaking and help mitigate the crisis impacts on the populations welfare. The first survey round recontacted households interviewed in 2016 by the Barbados Survey of Living Conditions (BSLC) and was conducted by phone due to the mobility restrictions and social distancing measures in place. It interviewed 896 households and all their members over 29 days during May and June 2020 and gathered information about disease transmission, household finances, labor, income, remittances, spending, and social protection programs. Data and documentation of this first round can be found at: https://publications.iadb.org/en/covid-19-household-telephone-survey-barbados The second round was carried out in November 2020 and recontacted respondent households from the first round. It focused on labor and interviewed 758 households. Both Barbados COVID-19 Survey rounds were designed and implemented by Sistemas Integrales. This publication describes the second rounds main methodological aspects, such as sample design, estimation procedures, topics covered by the questionnaire, field organization and quality control. It also presents the structure and codebook for the two resulting datasets.

Suriname COVID-19 Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diether Beuermann ◽  
Nicolas L. Bottan ◽  
Bridget Hoffmann ◽  
Jeetendra Khadan ◽  
Diego A. Vera-Cossio
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Household Finances ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Field Organization ◽  
Methodological Aspects

This dataset constitutes a panel follow-up to the 2016/2017 Suriname Survey of Living Conditions. It measures welfare related variables before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic including labor market outcomes, financial literacy, and food security. The survey was executed in August 2020. The Suriname COVID-19 Survey is a project of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). It collected data on critical socioeconomic topics in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic to support policymaking and help mitigate the crisis impacts on the populations welfare. The survey recontacted households interviewed in 2016/2017 by the Suriname Survey of Living Conditions (SSLC) and was conducted by phone due to the mobility restrictions and social distancing measures in place. It interviewed 1,016 households during August 2020 and gathered information about disease transmission, household finances, labor, income, remittances, spending, and social protection programs. Data and documentation of the 2016/2017 Suriname Survey of Living Conditions can be found at: https://publications.iadb.org/en/suriname-survey-living-conditions-2016-2017 The survey was designed and implemented by Sistemas Integrales. This publication describes the main methodological aspects, such as sample design, estimation procedures, topics covered by the questionnaire, field organization and quality control. It also presents the structure and codebook for the two resulting publicly available datasets.

Migration Patterns and Labor Market Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anda David ◽  
Mohamed Ali Marouani
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spatial Composition

This chapter focuses on the external effects of emigration on non-migrants, and particularly on the interactions with labor market outcomes in Tunisia before and after the revolution. Using the new Tunisia Labor Market Panel Survey (TLMPS), we conduct an in-depth analysis of the structure and dynamics of migration, including the profile of migrants and their origin households, mainly in terms of skills and spatial composition. We investigate transition matrices, employment status, income for current migrants and returnees, and the evolution of remittances. Our analysis confirms the role of emigration as a safety valve for the Tunisian labor market. Moreover, origin households of migrants have a significantly higher wealth index. Our analysis also tends to confirm the effects of remittances on labor supply of non-migrants, which can have a negative impact on Tunisia’s unemployment rate when a crisis in destination countries affects the remittance rate negatively.

Achieving Financial Inclusion for Persons With Disabilities: Exploring Preparedness and Accessibility of Financial Services for Persons With Disabilities in Malawi

2021 ◽  
pp. 104420732110275
Author(s):  
Alex Nester Jiya ◽  
Maxwell Peprah Opoku ◽  
William Nketsia ◽  
Joslin Alexei Dogbe ◽  
Josephine Nkrumah Adusei
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Persons With Disabilities

Deplorable living conditions among persons with disabilities and the need to improve their living conditions cannot be overemphasized. This has triggered international discussion on the need for deliberate social policies to bridge the poverty gap between persons with and without disabilities. In Malawi, expansion of financial services has been identified as an essential tool to accelerate economic and inclusive development. However, empirical studies are yet to explore the preparedness of financial institutions to extend their services to persons with disabilities. In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers from commercial banks in Malawi to understand their perspectives on extending financial services to persons with disabilities. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and a descriptive thematic analysis was performed. Although participants reiterated the need to provide persons with disabilities with financial services to improve their well-being, few initiatives have been undertaken to improve their participation. Particularly, participants stated that barriers, such as a lack of financial literacy and adaptive technologies, communication barriers, and high rates of unemployment, explained the reluctance of commercial banks to extend financial services to persons with disabilities. The limitations, recommendations for future research, and implications of the study for policymaking have been highlighted.

scholarly journals The effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in different socioeconomic populations in Kuwait: a modeling study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Khadadah ◽  
Abdullah A. Al-Shammari ◽  
Ahmad Alhashemi ◽  
Dari Alhuwail ◽  
Bader Al-Saif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cross Transmission ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

Abstract Background Aggressive non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) may reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The extent to which these interventions are successful in stopping the spread have not been characterized in countries with distinct socioeconomic groups. We compared the effects of a partial lockdown on disease transmission among Kuwaitis (P1) and non-Kuwaitis (P2) living in Kuwait. Methods We fit a modified metapopulation SEIR transmission model to reported cases stratified by two groups to estimate the impact of a partial lockdown on the effective reproduction number ($$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e ). We estimated the basic reproduction number ($$ {\mathcal{R}}_0 $$ R 0 ) for the transmission in each group and simulated the potential trajectories of an outbreak from the first recorded case of community transmission until 12 days after the partial lockdown. We estimated $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e values of both groups before and after the partial curfew, simulated the effect of these values on the epidemic curves and explored a range of cross-transmission scenarios. Results We estimate $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e at 1·08 (95% CI: 1·00–1·26) for P1 and 2·36 (2·03–2·71) for P2. On March 22nd, $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e for P1 and P2 are estimated at 1·19 (1·04–1·34) and 1·75 (1·26–2·11) respectively. After the partial curfew had taken effect, $$ {\mathcal{R}}_e $$ R e for P1 dropped modestly to 1·05 (0·82–1·26) but almost doubled for P2 to 2·89 (2·30–3·70). Our simulated epidemic trajectories show that the partial curfew measure greatly reduced and delayed the height of the peak in P1, yet significantly elevated and hastened the peak in P2. Modest cross-transmission between P1 and P2 greatly elevated the height of the peak in P1 and brought it forward in time closer to the peak of P2. Conclusion Our results indicate and quantify how the same lockdown intervention can accentuate disease transmission in some subpopulations while potentially controlling it in others. Any such control may further become compromised in the presence of cross-transmission between subpopulations. Future interventions and policies need to be sensitive to socioeconomic and health disparities.

Financial literacy and household finances: A Bayesian two-part latent variable modeling approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangnan Feng ◽  
Bin Lu ◽  
Xinyuan Song ◽  
Shuang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Latent Variable Modeling ◽  
Household Finances ◽  
Modeling Approach

The Emergence of Spatial Clustering in Medical Vaccine Exemptions Following California Senate Bill 277, 2015–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 1084-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Gromis ◽  
Ka-Yuet Liu
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Scan Statistics ◽  
Senate Bill ◽  
Before And After

Objectives. To understand how the elimination of nonmedical vaccine exemptions through California Senate Bill 277 (SB277) may have resulted in increased spatial clustering of medical exemptions. Methods. We used spatial scan statistics and negative binomial regression models to examine spatial clustering in medical vaccine exemptions in California kindergartens from 2015 to 2018. Results. Spatial clustering of medical exemptions across schools emerged following SB277. Clusters were located in similar geographic areas to previous clusters of nonmedical vaccine exemptions, suggesting a spatial association between high nonmedical exemption prevalence and increasing rates of medical exemptions. Regression results confirmed this positive association at the local level. The sociodemographic characteristics of the neighborhoods in which schools were located explained some, but not all, of the positive spatial associations between exemptions before and after SB277. Conclusions. Elimination of nonmedical vaccine exemptions via SB277 may have prompted some parents to instead seek medical exemptions to required school vaccines. The spatial association of these 2 types of exemptions has implications for maintaining pockets of low vaccine compliance and increased disease transmission.

scholarly journals Research methodologies to assess teaching in psychiatric residency: a literature review

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibiracy de Barros Camargo ◽  
José Onildo B Contel
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Psychiatric Residency ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Experimental Data Collection

OBJECTIVES: Research methodologies in psychiatry have followed both the changes in mental health care and the need of updating programs of medical residency. To identify empirical articles in the indexed literature from 1997 to 2002, with the aim of analyzing and discussing methodological aspects of research dealing with the description and assessment of residency programs in psychiatry. METHOD: The bibliographic survey was performed using MedLine, PsycLit, Web of Science, and Lilacs. Twenty-one articles were identified. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were characterized as exploratory-descriptive and two as experimental. Data collection used questionnaires in 12 of them, and combined techniques in the other seven and the two experimental studies had data collected by tests applied before and after the teaching intervention. Most of the subjects were residents and program directors. Fifteen studies used statistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS: All the articles outlined the problems based on literature reviews. Most of the studies made use of standard techniques of social research and only two used experimental procedures. Only three studies employed external measures in order to establish correlations with the collected data. Procedures to validate and assess the reliability of the instrument by means of pilot-studies were absent in 11 studies, what may indicate methodological biases.

Preoperative “group and save” in lumbar microdiscectomy: is it necessary?

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Saxena ◽  
Sam Eljamel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Lumbar Microdiscectomy ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Transfusion Guidelines ◽  
Rare Group

Object “Group and save” (type and screen) is commonly requested preoperatively in lumbar microdiscectomy. On average, less than 100 ml of blood is lost during lumbar microdiscectomy, and blood transfusion guidelines and resuscitation practice recommend that no transfusion would be required in almost all healthy patients with less than 750 ml of blood loss. The authors performed an audit of 319 consecutive lumbar microdiscectomies to determine if the practice of group and save can be justified. A telephone survey of the United Kingdom (UK) neurosurgical units to establish current UK neurosurgical practice was also conducted. Methods A telephone survey of all UK neurosurgical units and an audit of all patients who underwent primary lumbar microdiscectomy at our institution over a period of 2 consecutive years was performed. The health records of all patients were retrieved and critically reviewed. Information about hemoglobin measurements before and after surgery, group and save, and blood transfusion were collected. Results Thirty-two UK neurosurgical units were surveyed by telephone, with a 100% response rate. Group and save was commonly performed prior to lumbar microdiscectomy in 28 units (87.5%). The records of 319 consecutive patients who underwent lumber microdiscectomy were reviewed. All patients had group and save prior to lumbar microdiscectomy. No patient required a blood transfusion during or after surgery. The mean decrease in hemoglobin concentration was 0.8 g/dl in 121 patients who had postoperative hemoglobin measurements. Conclusions Blood transfusion and hemoglobin decrease following lumbar microdiscectomy is exceptionally rare. Group and save and postoperative hemoglobin measurements are therefore nonessential in all patients undergoing lumbar microdiscectomy, with potentially significant cost savings from not performing these tests.

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