Visual Behaviour and Cognitive Preferences of Users for Constituent Elements in Forest Landscape Spaces

Background: Elements of forest landscape spaces are important media through which landscape information is conveyed. Therefore, it is very important for designers and managers of forests to explore the relationship among visual behaviour, landscape preferences, and element characteristics. Purpose: This study took forest landscape spaces as the subject, discussed the characteristics of visual behaviour and cognitive preferences for landscape elements, and analysed the relationship among element characteristics, visual behaviour, and cognitive preferences in forest landscape spaces. The findings will help designers better plan the spatial composition of forest landscapes. Methods: We collected data from 53 graduate and undergraduate students and then used Spearman’s rho correlation analysis and multiple linear regressions to analyse the experimental data. Main results: 1. As the composition of forest landscape spaces varies and landscape elements are combined in different ways, visual behaviour towards landscape elements also differs. 2. People are easily attracted by highly fascinating landscape elements, but they will spend more time on low fascinating landscape elements. 3. Element characteristics significantly affect visual behaviour and cognitive preferences. Elements with high complexity or a large proportion of elements take more time for the participants to recognize, which reduces the evaluation of satisfaction.

Rokokowe rzeźby z ogrodzenia pałacu Mniszchów w Gdańsku. Autorstwo – styl – program ikonograficzny

In 1751, Jerzy August Mniszech purchased a plot in Długie Ogrody Street: the area where a large -scale residence was erected. Its designer was most probably Pierre Ricaud de Tirregaille. An important element in shaping the spatial composition of the entire palace and garden ensemble was formed by the main gate, characterized by an extremely dynamic, sculptural form, typical of Rococo art. At the top of the gate and on the fence posts there were figures: personifications of Minerva and Ceres, four putti representing the seasons and vases. At the beginning, the article presents the history and style of the sculptures. Then the question of attribution is discussed. In literature, Johann Heinrich Meissner is the most frequently indicated creator of the entire sculptural ensemble. This attribution, in view of the shortage of sources, requires confrontation with other, preserved works of the artist. Johann Heinrich Meissner (1701–1770) was born in Królewiec. He was present in Gdańsk, where from 1726 he owned a valued workshop. Having lived in the Old Town, near the Church of St Catherine, in 1755 he moved to Długie Ogrody where he located his studio, so he was a direct witness to the project carried out for Jerzy August Mniszech. Meissner’s workshop created, among other things, garden sculptures and elements of temple decorations. Among the sacred implementations, mention should be made of the decoration of the main altar in the Cathedral in Frombork, which includes four full -figure angelic figures, vases, flames and garlands made of pine wood. Meissner was also responsible for the statues of angels from the organ front in Gdańsk’s Church of St Mary, expanded in 1757–60. The soft modelling of forms precisely emphasizes the anatomy. Figures’ gestures are naturalistic. The sculptures in front of the Mniszech Palace are stylistically different from them: strongly stylized, exaggerated, they feature vibrating surface characteristic of the Rococo. Their authorship should therefore be associated with another sculpture workshop operating in Gdańsk in the mid -18th century. Another thread is the symbolic diagram of the fence decoration. In order to understand the ideological meaning of the figures in question, it is necessary to juxtapose them with the iconography found in Gdańsk’s art (e.g. Minerva decorated the façade of the Great Armory and the hall of the Main Town Hall, while the statues of Ceres were placed at the tops of tenement houses) and with European trends.

THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF COMMUNICATIVE SPACES OF CHILDREN'S EDUCATIONAL AND REHABILITATION CENTERS

The article provides an in-depth analysis of the theoretical foundations that precede the process of organizing communicative spaces within the children's educational and rehabilitation centre for social adaptation - an institution whose goal is to create optimal conditions for enhanced socialization of children with special psychological needs and their further integration into society. The definition of signs of children's communicative space is considered and the significance of spatial composition in the process of socialization of children is determined. The article considers key aspects of the problem – medical and architectural and determines possible factors influencing the process of expanding the network of institutions of the corresponding direction on the territory of Ukraine

Deep learning-based tumor microenvironment segmentation is predictive of tumor mutations and patient survival in non-small-cell lung cancer

Despite the fact that tumor microenvironment (TME) and gene mutations are the main determinants of progression of the deadliest cancer in the world - lung cancer - their interrelations are not well understood. Digital pathology data provide a unique insight into the spatial composition of the TME. Here, we generated 23,199 image patches from 55 hematoxylin-and-eosin (H&E)-stained lung cancer tissue sections and annotated them into 9 different tissue classes. Using this dataset, we trained a deep neural network and used it to segment 467 lung cancer H&E images downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We used the segmented images to compute human interpretable features reflecting the heterogeneous composition of the TME, and successfully utilized them to predict patient survival (c-index 0.723) and cancer gene mutations (largest AUC 73.5% for PDGFRB). Our approach can be generalized to different cancer types to inform precision medicine strategies.

Construction of multichannelmagnetolevitation systems

Background: It is proposed to set a traveling magnetic field in a special control channel (beam, pipe), coupled with several controlled channels - small-sized maglev systems in which levitation of transport modules is carried out. Aim: to interface the control channel with several controlled channels (up to four) small-sized maglev systems. In this case, the control channel will be located in the center, and the controlled channels at the top, right, bottom, left. Methods: 3D-modeling, layout, spatial composition, patent search. Results: The traveling magnetic field in the control channel is created by a moving sequence of interacting magnetic field sources the movers, which interact too with magnetic field sources of transport modules the fellow travelers, levitating in the controlled channels through sources of a constant magnetic field. The structure is installed on arched supports that uniformly distribute the load over the support surface. A model of a two-channel system with a lower location of a controlled channel has been developed. Conclusion: The small-sized maglev systems can form a multi-channel transport system.