scholarly journals Influence of pars plana vitrectomy on ocular surface using noninvasive Keratograph 5M

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Ling-Ling Fan ◽  
◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Lun Liu ◽  
Rong-Feng Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Preoperative Level ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Surface Damages ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Tear Meniscus Height

AIM: To evaluate the influence of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) on ocular surface using Keratograph 5M. METHODS: Totally 30 consecutive patients (30 eyes) undergoing primary 23-gauge PPV were recruited in the study. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was performed. Ocular surface parameters, including tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear break up time (NITBUT) and bulbar redness score were obtained preoperatively, in 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12wk postoperatively by Keratograph 5M. Correlations between all the clinical parameters were analyzed further. RESULTS: The percentages of both photophobia and gritty within 4wk after PPV were significantly higher than pre-operation, while they decreased to the preoperative levels in both 8wk and 12wk postoperatively. The percentage of sore eyes in the first week postoperatively was significantly higher than pre-operation, but there were no significant differences between the percentages of pre-operation and 2, 4, 8, and 12wk postoperatively. OSDI score increased significantly within 4wk postoperatively, but it returned to the preoperative level in 8 and 12wk. TMH increased with 2wk postoperatively, but there were no significant differences compared with preoperation. Both NITBUT-first and NITBUT-average shortened significantly within 8 weeks postoperatively, but they gradually improved to the preoperative levels in 12wk. Bulbar redness score was significantly higher than the preoperative level within 4wk postoperatively, but it returned to the preoperative level in 8wk. NITBUT-first and NITBUT-average had a significant positive correlation at each visit. TMH had a significant positive correlation with NITBUT-average in the first week postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Keratograph 5M can provide a reliable noninvasive method to assess the influence of PPV on the ocular surface. PPV may cause various changes in both symptoms and signs of ocular surface damages at the early stage, while all these changes will return to preoperative levels gradually in 12wk postoperatively.

scholarly journals Influence of Pars Plana Vitrectomy on Ocular Surface using Non-Invasive Keratograph 5M

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Fan ◽  
Lun Liu ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Yajing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Preoperative Level ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Surface Damages ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Tear Meniscus Height

Abstract Background: The noninvasive Keratography has been used in evaluating surgery-induced ocular surface changes, while few were known about the influence of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) on ocular surface. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of PPV on ocular surface using Keratograph 5M. Methods: 30 patients (30 eyes) undergoing primary PPV were recruited in the study. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was performed. Ocular surface parameters, including tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear break up time (NITBUT) and bulbar redness score were obtained preoperatively, at 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks postoperatively by Keratograph 5M. Correlations between all the clinical parameters were analyzed further. Results: The percentages of both photophobia and gritty within 4 weeks after PPV were significantly higher than preoperation, while they decreased to the preoperative levels at both 8 weeks and 12 weeks postoperatively. The percentage of sore eyes within 2 weeks postoperatively was significantly higher than preoperation, but there were no significant differences between the percentages of preoperation and 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks postoperatively. OSDI score increased significantly within 8 weeks postoperatively, but it returned to the preoperative level at 12 weeks. TMH was increased significantly at the first week after PPV, and recoverd to preoperative level at 2 weeks postoperatively. Both NITBUT-first and NITBUT-average shortened significantly within 8 weeks postoperatively, but they gradually improved to the preoperative levels at 12 weeks. Bulbar redness score was significantly higher than preoperative level within 4 weeks postoperatively, but it returned to the preoperative level at 8 weeks. NITBUT-first and NITBUT-average had a significant positive correlation at each visit. OSDI score had a significant positive correlation with bulbar redness, and TMH had a significant positive correlation with NITBUT-average at both 1 week and 2 weeks postoperatively. Conclusions: Keratograph 5M can provide a reliable noninvasive method to assess the influence of PPV on ocular surface. PPV may cause various changes in both symptoms and signs of ocular surface damages at an early stage, while all these changes will return to preoperative levels gradually at 12 weeks postoperatively.

scholarly journals Fibrinolytic Markers Could Be Useful Predictors of Severity in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: a Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Shoji ◽  
Taiju Matsui ◽  
Hideaki Tanaka ◽  
Hiroaki Tsujita ◽  
Yusuke Kodama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Abstract Background: The severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is classified based on mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) levels. However, other markers have not been elucidated. Fibrinolytic markers, such as total plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI-1) and thrombomodulin (TM), are known to reflect arterial endothelial function. However, the relationship between serum tPAI-1, TM and pulmonary circulation has not been completely determined. Methods: This study included 100 consecutive patients (38 men), with a mean age of 68.9±12.0 years, with cardiac diseases who underwent right heart catheterization. Serum coagulation and fibrinolytic marker levels were measured.Results: The average mPAP value was 25.1±13.1 mmHg for all patients. The mPAP levels revealed a significant positive correlation with serum tPAI-1 (ρ=0.24, p=0.042) and uric acid (ρ=0.29, p=0.0031) levels. In the group with mPAP levels less than 25 mmHg (n=58, ave. 17.3±4.3 mmHg), mPAP levels showed a significant positive correlation with serum tPA-1 (ρ=0.34, p=0.034) and TM (ρ=0.34, p=0.043) values. The mean tPAI-1 (29.8±23.3 ng/ml, p=0.047) and uric acid (5.7±1.8 mg/dl, p=0.026) levels were significantly less in those with lower mPAP levels. A multivariate analysis revealed that tPAI-1 alone was a significant independent characteristic marker of PAH (odds ratio 1.02, 95%CI 1.000-1.036, p=0.034).Conclusions: These results indicate that serum tPAI-1 and TM may be useful predictors of severity, similar to mPAP in patients with PAH. They could be beneficial in predicting PAH among patients in the early stage of the disease.

scholarly journals Morphological alternation and influence of aqueous flare in idiopathic epiretinal membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko Ikegami ◽  
Jiro Numaga ◽  
Saori Ue ◽  
Tomohiro Sano
Keyword(s):  
Epiretinal Membrane ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Aqueous Flare ◽  
Retinal Folds

Abstract Background Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) is a common retinal disease in the elderly population. The exact pathogenesis of iERM is unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between aqueous flare and morphology of iERM using swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods A consecutive series of 36 eyes of 33 patients with iERM and 109 control eyes of 109 patients were retrospectively examined. Aqueous flare measurements and OCT images were obtained on the same day. The average total retinal, inner retinal, outer retinal, and choroidal thicknesses were calculated using the thickness map mode with an Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study nine-zone grid that was divided into three zones. The maximum depth of the retinal folds in iERMs was manually measured. The correlation among flare value, maximum depth of folds, and retinal and choroidal thicknesses was evaluated. The morphological changes between the control eyes and the eyes with iERM in different stages were examined. Results The result demonstrated a significant positive correlation between the aqueous flare value and total and inner retinal thicknesses in the early stage of iERM. There was a significant positive correlation between the maximum depth of folds and total and inner retinal thicknesses in the early stage of iERM, and the maximum depth of folds significantly increased in the advanced stage. The total and inner retinal thicknesses and proportion of inner retinal thickness significantly increased as the stage of iERM progressed. Conclusions The aqueous flare value was associated with retinal thickness in the early stage of iERM, which supports the idea that inflammation or breakdown of blood–ocular barrier is involved in the process of iERM formation. The maximum retinal folds increased as the stage of iERM progressed and retinal thickness increased, which indicates that the tangential force increases as the iERM stage progresses.

scholarly journals Changes in Ocular Surface Disease Evaluated after Nonpenetrating Deep Sclerectomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlota Fuente-García ◽  
Francisco José Muñoz-Negrete ◽  
Elisabet de Dompablo-Ventura ◽  
Javier Moreno-Montañés ◽  
Gema Rebolleda
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deep Sclerectomy ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tear Meniscus Height

Abstract Objective: To analyse the ocular surface changes in eyes after the withdraw of anti-glaucomatous drugs when non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) is performed.Methods: 31 patients (33 eyes) diagnosed of glaucoma that underwent NPDS, were included in this prospective study. Control group included 33 eyes of 33 age and sex-matched volunteers. Five variables were studied with Keratograph 5M (K5M): ocular hyperaemia (OH), non-invasive tear film break-up time (NI-BUT), lower tear meniscus height (LTMH) and meibography. LTMH was also measured using the anterior segment module of Spectralis Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (FD-OCT). Also, an evaluation of corneal and conjunctival staining was performed.In addition, patients were asked to answer two questionnaires: Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) before and 6-months after surgery.Results: Before NPDS, treated eyes, showed worse objective data than healthy controls (p ≤0.049). In this group, a significant improvement was observed in the questionnaires (p< 0.001), LTMH FD-OCT (p=0.037) and LTMH K5M (p=0.025), K5M OH (p=0.003), NI-BUT (=0.022) and conjunctival and corneal staining (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed between groups in FD-OCT and K5M LTMH, NI-BUT, corneal-conjunctival staining and in the most OH sector values at 6 months(p ≥0.62).Conclusion: A significant improvement in the ocular surface was observed 6 months after NPDS, suggesting that the withdrawn of the topical anti-glaucomatous treatment has a beneficial effect.

scholarly journals Fibrinolytic markers could be useful predictors of severity in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Shoji ◽  
Taiju Matsui ◽  
Hideaki Tanaka ◽  
Kosuke Nomura ◽  
Hiroaki Tsujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Abstract Background The severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is classified based on mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) levels. However, other markers have not been elucidated. Fibrinolytic markers, such as total plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI-1) and thrombomodulin (TM), are known to reflect arterial endothelial function. However, the relationship between serum tPAI-1, TM and pulmonary circulation has not been completely determined. Methods This study included 100 consecutive patients (38 men), with a mean age of 68.9 ± 12.0 years, with cardiac diseases who underwent right heart catheterization. Serum coagulation and fibrinolytic marker levels were measured. Results The average mPAP value was 25.1 ± 13.1 mmHg for all patients. The mPAP levels revealed a significant positive correlation with serum tPAI-1 (ρ = 0.24, p = 0.042) and uric acid (ρ = 0.29, p = 0.0031) levels. In the group with mPAP levels less than 25 mmHg (n = 58, ave. 17.3 ± 4.3 mmHg), mPAP levels showed a significant positive correlation with serum tPA-1 (ρ = 0.34, p = 0.034) and TM (ρ = 0.34, p = 0.043) values. The mean tPAI-1 (29.8 ± 23.3 ng/ml, p = 0.047) and uric acid (5.7 ± 1.8 mg/dl, p = 0.026) levels were significantly less in those with lower mPAP levels. A multivariate analysis revealed that tPAI-1 alone was a significant independent characteristic marker of PAH (odds ratio 1.02, 95%CI 1.000–1.036, p = 0.034). Conclusions These results indicate that serum tPAI-1 and TM may be useful predictors of severity, similar to mPAP in patients with PAH. They could be beneficial in predicting PAH among patients in the early stage of the disease.

scholarly journals Post-activation depression of the lower extremities in stroke patients with spasticity and spastic equinovarus deformity

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanbin Yang ◽  
Juan Xiao ◽  
Weiqun Song
Keyword(s):  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Equinus Deformity

This study aimed to investigate changes of post-activation depression in two groups of patients with or without spastic equinovarus deformity (SED). Paired and independent t-tests were used to compare post-activation depression within and between the groups, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between diminished post-activation depression and spasticity severity. The soleus and tibialis anterior (TA) post-activation depression values were significantly decreased on the affected sides of patients with SED compared to those without. In patients without SED, the soleus post-activation depression was significantly decreased on the affected side; however, TA post-activation depression was higher on the affected side. Both the soleus and TA become active, but the onset time may be different. The imbalanced muscle tone between the soleus and TA in the early stage after stroke may be related to equinus deformity.

Transscleral Extraction of an Intraocular Foreign Body From the Posterior Segment of the Eye Without Pars Plana Vitrectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Štěpán Rusňák ◽  
Lenka Hecová
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Intraocular Foreign Body ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
Eye Trauma ◽  
Pars Plana

Purpose: Penetrating eye trauma with an intraocular foreign body is very frequent, especially in men in their productive age. Pars plana vitrectomy would be the standard surgical method at our department. However, in indicated cases (metallic intraocular bodies in the posterior eye segment in young patients with well transparent ocular media without detached ZSM and without any evident vitreoretinal traction) transscleral extraction of the intraocular foreign body is performed using the exo magnet, eventually endo magnet with a minimal PPV without PVD induction under the visual control of endo-illumination. Materials and Methods: Between June 2003 and June 2018, 66 eyes of 66 patients diagnosed with a penetrating eye trauma caused by an intraocular foreign body located in the posterior eye segment were treated. In 18 eyes (27,3 %) with a metallic foreign body in vitreous (body) or in retina, no PPV or a minimal PPV without PVD was used as a surgical method. In the remaining 48 eyes (72,7 %), a standard 20G, respectively 23G PPV method were used together with PVD induction and the foreign body extraction via endo or exo magnet. Conclusions: As demonstrated by our survey/study, in the cases of a thoroughly considered indication an experimented vitreoretinal surgeon can perform a safe NCT transscleral extraction from the posterior eye segment via exo magnet, eventually endo magnet under the visual control of a contact display system with a minimal PPV. Thereby, the surgeon can enhance the patient´s chance to preserve their own lens and its accommodative abilities as well as reduce the risk of further surgical interventions of the afflicted eye.

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