scholarly journals Sniffer: A Device for Sampling Gases from River

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gervaix ◽  
Pascal Breil ◽  
Franck Poly ◽  
Philippe Namour
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Field Campaigns

Description and validation of a new simple, inexpensive iso-pressure device for quantitative measurements of gas emissions in river (the SNIFFER for "Sampler of Natural InFluxes of Foul Emissions from River sediment"). The Sniffer was validated, during two field campaigns, a first in winter (18/12/13 to 20/02/14) and a second in spring (16/04/14 to 14/05/14) on a stream receiving some organic matter from a combined sewer overflow. The measured CH4 emissions are of the order of 0.50 L/(m2.day). This production is far from negligible and commits us to reconsider the contribution of water systems in total greenhouse gas emissions.

scholarly journals Effect of Mootral—a garlic- and citrus-extract-based feed additive—on enteric methane emissions in feedlot cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1383-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanna M Roque ◽  
Henk J Van Lingen ◽  
Hilde Vrancken ◽  
Ermias Kebreab
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Enteric Methane

Abstract: Enteric methane (CH4) production is the main source of greenhouse gas emissions from livestock globally with beef cattle contributing 5.95% of total global greenhouse gas emissions. Various mitigation strategies have been developed to reduce enteric emissions with limited success. In vitro studies have shown a reduction in CH4 emissions when using garlic and citrus extracts. However, there is paucity of data regarding in vivo studies investigating the effect of garlic and citrus extracts in cattle. The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the response of Angus × Hereford cross steers consuming the feed additive Mootral, which contains extracts of both garlic and citrus, on CH4 yield (g/kg dry matter intake [DMI]). Twenty steers were randomly assigned to two treatments: control (no additive) and Mootral supplied at 15 g/d in a completely randomized design with a 2-wk covariate and a 12-wk data collection periods. Enteric CH4 emissions were measured using the GreenFeed system during the covariate period and experimental weeks 2, 6, 9, and 12. CH4 yield (g/kg DMI) by steers remained similar in both treatments for weeks 2 to 9. In week 12, there was a significant decrease in CH4 yield (23.2%) in treatment compared to control steers mainly because the steers were consuming all the pellets containing the additive. However, overall CH4 yield (g/kg DMI) during the entire experimental period was not significantly different. Carbon dioxide yield (g/kg DMI) and oxygen consumption (g/kg DMI) did not differ between treatments during the entire experimental period. DMI, average daily gain, and feed efficiency also remained similar in control and supplemented steers. The in vivo results showed that Mootral may have a potential to be used as a feed additive to reduce enteric CH4 production and yield in beef cattle but needs further investigation under various dietary regimen.

scholarly journals Organic matter chemistry controls greenhouse gas emissions from permafrost peatlands

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sjögersten ◽  
S. Caul ◽  
T.J. Daniell ◽  
A.P.S. Jurd ◽  
O.S. O'Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Emissions

scholarly journals Ecosystem feedbacks from subarctic wetlands: vegetative and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> controls on greenhouse gas emissions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Bridgman ◽  
Barry H. Lomax ◽  
Sofie Sjogersten
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Carbon Substrate ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract. Wetland vegetation provide strong controls on greenhouse gas fluxes but impacts of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels on greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands are poorly understood. This study aims to investigate if elevated atmospheric CO2 enhance methane (CH4) emissions from subarctic wetlands and to determine if responses are comparable or species specific within the Cyperaceae, an important group of artic wetland plants. To achieve this we carried out a combined field and laboratory investigation to measure of CO2 and CH4 fluxes. The wetland was a CH4 source with comparable fluxes from areas with and without vegetation and across the different sedge communities. In contrast, the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 differed with sedge species. Within the laboratory experiment plants grown at double ambient (800 ppm) CO2, total biomass of Eriophorum vaginatum and Carex brunnescens increased, whereas the total biomass of E. angustifolium and C. acuta decreased, compared to the control (400 ppm CO2). These changes in biomass were associated with corresponding changes in CH4 flux. E. vaginatum and C. brunnescens mesocosms produced more CH4 when grown in 800 ppm atmospheric CO2 when compared to 400 ppm CO2 with E. angustifolium and C. acuta producing less. Additionally, redox potential and carbon substrate availability in the pore water differed among the plant treatments and in response to the elevated CO2 treatment. Together, this suggests species specific controls of CH4 emissions in response to elevated CO2, which facilitate differential plant growth responses and modification of the rhizosphere environments. Our study highlights species composition as an important control of greenhouse gas feedbacks in a CO2 rich future, which need to be considered in models aiming to predict how ecosystems respond to climate change.

Impacts of land use and cropland management on soil organic matter and greenhouse gas emissions in the Brazilian Cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1431-1446
Author(s):  
Marcos Siqueira‐Neto ◽  
Gustavo Vicentini Popin ◽  
Marisa C. Piccolo ◽  
Marc Corbeels ◽  
Eric Scopel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Gas Emissions
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