Global pressures and the search for efficiency: Export platforms in Central America and the Dominican Republic

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Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phaeoisariopsis bataticola (Cif. & Bruner) M.B. Ellis. Host: sweet potato (Ipomoea spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, USA, Florida, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, SOUTH AMERICA, Venezuela.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heterobasidion irregulare Garbel. and Otrosina. Agaricomycetes: Russulales: Bondarzewiaceae. Hosts: Pinus spp. especially stone pine (P. pinea), Aleppo pine (P. halepensis) and red pine (P. resinosa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy), North America (Canada, Ontario, Quebec, Mexico, USA, Alabama, California, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Oregon, South Carolina, Vermont, Washington and Wisconsin) and Central America and Caribbean (Cuba and Dominican Republic).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Mycena citricolor (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Hosts: Coffee (Coffea spp.) and others. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA (Florida), CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martiniq, caragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Salvador, Trinidad, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French, Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cephalosporium sacchari[Gibberella fujikuroi var. subglutinans] Butler. Hosts: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Madagascar, Réunion, Rhodesia, South Africa, Uganda, ASIA, India, Pakistan, Philippines, CENTRAL AMERICA, WEST INDIES, Barbados, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Trinidad, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Burkholderia glumae (Kurita & Tabei) Urakami et al. Proteobacteria: Burkholderiales. Hosts: rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (Cambodia, China, Hainan, Japan, Korea Republic, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam), Africa (Burkina Faso, Tanzania), North America (USA, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas), Central America & Caribbean (Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama), South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Mocis repanda (Fabricius) Lepidoptera: Noctuidae. Attacks rice and pasture grasses, maize, millet, rice, sugarcane. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Central America and Caribbean, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Thomas.


Author(s):  
G. F. Laundon

Abstract A description is provided for Puccinia psidii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Pimenta officinalis and Psidium guajava, also on Callistemon speciosus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eugenia jambos, E. malaccensis, E. uvalha, Marlierea edulis, Myrcia spp., Myrciaria jaboticaba and Pimenta acris. DISEASE: Guava rust. Attacks foliage, inflorescences and young succulent twigs of pimento and Eucalyptus, and foliage and fruit of guava, causing severe defoliation under certain conditions. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Central America and Caribbean (Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad); South America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela). (CMI Map 181, Ed. 2, 1949 & Herb. IMI.) TRANSMISSION: Urediospores disseminated by rain-splash in Jamaica (41: 569).


2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Jorge Gavidia ◽  
Annalisa Crivellari

A study conducted in Central America in 2003 shows that in the aftermath of Hurricane Mitch noticeable progress was made in introducing new legislation for disaster management, understood as covering the whole cycle from prevention, preparedness and relief, to reconstruction. The new legislation includes civil defence or disaster management laws and regulations to improve their effectiveness in responding to the threat of natural disasters. A similar situation can be observed in other countries like Cuba and the Dominican Republic. The study looks into existing urban and municipal laws, regulations and planning guidelines to assess the extent to which they respond to vulnerability reduction criteria. This paper focuses on aspects of prevention and risk reduction. An attempt was made to look into the complementarities and gaps between the two sets of regulations for disaster management and for municipal/urban management. It is found that despite the many elements of good practice included in them, the links between these instruments are weak or absent on issues ranging from planning to the actual supervision of interventions on the built environment. Thus, the main elements of the edifice were there, but they did not constitute a solid, interconnected, structure, therefore, bound to fail under the loads imposed by rapid urbanisation, speculation, emergencies and weak governance structures. Institutions are often left to fend themselves in discharging their tasks. Without a coherent normative framework, and the capacity to apply it, their work is primarily driven by institutional initiative, leading to problems of underperformance, overlaps, gaps, and non-constructive competition. Thus, the institutional setup and normative framework become important factors in increasing vulnerability, as real as a building with the wrong foundations. The article reviews the mentioned aspects drawing from the experience in Central America, Cuba and Dominican Republic.


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