scholarly journals Effective and complex stimulation of the biodegradation system of fungus Cerrena unicolor by rapeseed meal fermentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jaszek ◽  
Justyna Miłek ◽  
Jerzy Żuchowski ◽  
Dawid Stefaniuk ◽  
Monika Prendecka
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor ◽  
Zymographic Analysis ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Antioxidative Ability

The effect of supplementation of medium with rapeseed meal (RM) on production of biotechnologically important enzymes was investigated in submerged cultures of the white rot fungus Cerrena unicolor. The addition of RM (3.5% w/v) distinctly stimulated the activities of laccase, chitinase, and β-glucosidase. As compared to the control, the activities of chitinase, β-glucosidase, and laccase in the RM supplemented cultures were up to 4.1, 8.4, and 3.9 times higher, respectively. The results of the spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric measurements were additionally confirmed by zymographic analysis of the samples. The level of sugars and phenolic compounds as well as the antioxidative ability of fungal preparations were also determined. The results obtained indicate that the submerged liquid fermentation of rapeseed meal can be proposed as an inexpensive and very effective method for biotechnological production of chitinase, β-glucosidase, and laccase by C. unicolor.

scholarly journals Decolorization and biodegradation of melanoidin contained in beet molasses by an anamorphic strain of Bjerkandera adusta CCBAS930 and its mutants

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Korniłłowicz-Kowalska ◽  
Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Bjerkandera Adusta ◽  
Beet Molasses ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractWe used a ligninolytic strain of the white-rot fungus B. adusta CCBAS 930 and its mutants with modified ligninolytic activity to assess their potential to remove of molasses. The analyzed strains have been shown to be able to decolorize 1% or 2% molasses solutions containing brown-colored toxic melanoidins. It was found that the decolorization process was determined by the transition to the stage of production of sporulating aerial mycelium (liquid and agar cultures) coupled with an increase in peroxidase activity, which was accompanied by a decrease in the level of melanoidin, free radicals, and phenolic compounds. Four different peroxidase activities were detected in post-culture liquids, i.e. horseradish-like (HRP-like), manganese-dependent (MnP), lignin (LiP), and versatile (VP) peroxidase activities. The HRP-like peroxidase was characterized by the highest activity. The efficiency of removal of melanoidins from a 1% molasses solution by the parental strain and the mutants was dependent on the culture method. The highest efficiency was noted in immobilized cultures (threefold higher than in the mycelium-free cultures), which was accompanied by stimulation of HRP-like peroxidase activity. Mutant 930-5 was found to be the most effective in the decolorization and decomposition of melanoidin. The HRP-like activity in the immobilized cultures of B. adusta 930-5 was 640-fold higher than in the mycelium-free cultures of the fungus. Moreover, decolorization and biodegradation of melanoidin by B. adusta CCBAS 930 and 930-5 was coupled with detoxification. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Cerrena unicolor Laccases, Genes Expression and Regulation of Activity

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 468
Author(s):  
Anna Pawlik ◽  
Beata Ciołek ◽  
Justyna Sulej ◽  
Andrzej Mazur ◽  
Przemysław Grela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Activity ◽  
Laccase Genes

A white rot fungus Cerrena unicolor has been identified as an important source of laccase, unfortunately regulation of this enzyme genes expression is poorly understood. Using 1D and 2D PAGE and LC-MS/MS, laccase isoenzymes were investigated in the liquid filtrate of C. unicolor culture. The level of expression of laccase genes was measured using qPCR. The elevated concentrations of copper and manganese in the medium caused greatest change in genes expression and three laccase transcripts were significantly affected after culture temperature was decreased from 28 to 4 °C or increased to 40 °C. The small differences in the PAGE band intensities of individual laccase proteins were also observed, indicating that given compound affect particular laccase’s transcript. Analyses of laccase-specific activity, at all tested conditions, showed the increased activities as compared to the control, suggesting that enzyme is regulated at the post-translational stage. We observed that the aspartic protease purified from C. unicolor, significantly stimulate laccase activity. Moreover, electrochemical analysis of protease-treated laccase sample had 5 times higher redox peaks. The obtained results indicate that laccases released by C. unicolor are regulated at transcriptional, translational, and at the post-translational steps of gene expression helping fungus adapt to the environmental changes.

scholarly journals Lighting Conditions Influence the Dynamics of Protease Synthesis and Proteasomal Activity in the White Rot Fungus Cerrena unicolor

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1322
Author(s):  
Anna Pawlik ◽  
Magdalena Jaszek ◽  
Anita Swatek ◽  
Marta Ruminowicz-Stefaniuk ◽  
Beata Ciołek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profile ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
26S Proteasome ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor

Recent transcriptomic and biochemical studies have revealed that light influences the global gene expression profile and metabolism of the white-rot fungus Cerrena unicolor. Here, we aimed to reveal the involvement of proteases and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis by the 26S proteasome in the response of this fungus to white, red, blue and green lighting conditions and darkness. The changes in the expression profile of C. unicolor genes putatively engaged in proteolysis were found to be unique and specific to the applied wavelength of light. It was also demonstrated that the activity of proteases in the culture fluid and mycelium measured using natural and synthetic substrates was regulated by light and was substrate-dependent. A clear influence of light on protein turnover and the qualitative and quantitative changes in the hydrolytic degradation of proteins catalyzed by various types of proteases was shown. The analysis of activity associated with the 26S proteasome showed a key role of ATP-dependent proteolysis in the initial stages of adaptation of fungal cells to the stress factors. It was suggested that the light-sensing pathways in C. unicolor are cross-linked with stress signaling and secretion of proteases presumably serving as regulatory molecules.

scholarly journals A New Laccase of Lac 2 from the White Rot Fungus Cerrena unicolor 6884 and Lac 2-Mediated Degradation of Aflatoxin B1

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimin Zhou ◽  
Renkuan Li ◽  
Tzi Bun Ng ◽  
Yunyun Lai ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Multicopper Oxidases ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a known toxic human carcinogen and can be detoxified by laccases, which are multicopper oxidases that convert several environmental pollutants and toxins. In this study, a new laccase that could catalyze AFB1 degradation was purified and identified from the white-rot fungus Cerrena unicolor 6884. The laccase was purified using (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and anion exchange chromatography, and then identified as Lac 2 through zymogram and UHPLC-MS/MS based on the Illumina transcriptome analysis of C. unicolor 6884. Six putative laccase protein sequences were obtained via functional annotation. The lac 2 cDNA encoding a full-length protein of 512 amino acids was cloned and sequenced to expand the fungus laccase gene library for AFB1 detoxification. AFB1 degradation by Lac 2 was conducted in vitro at pH 7.0 and 45 °C for 24 h. The half-life of AFB1 degradation catalyzed by Lac 2 was 5.16 h. Acetosyringone (AS), Syrinagaldehyde (SA) and [2,2′ -azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] (ABTS) at 1 mM concentration seemed to be similar mediators for strongly enhancing AFB1 degradation by Lac 2. The product of AFB1 degradation catalyzed by Lac 2 was traced and identified to be Aflatoxin Q1 (AFQ1) based on mass spectrometry data. These findings are promising for a possible application of Lac 2 as a new aflatoxin oxidase in degrading AFB1 present in food and feeds.

scholarly journals Combined Effect of Light and Nutrients on the Micromorphology of the White rot Fungus Cerrena unicolor

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pawlik ◽  
Magdalena Jaszek ◽  
Dawid Stefaniuk ◽  
Urszula Świderska-Burek ◽  
Andrzej Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Effect Of Light

Light influences developmental pathways in fungi. Recent transcriptomic and biochemical analyses have demonstrated that light influences the metabolism of a white-rot basidiomycete Cerrena unicolor. However, the expression profile of genes involved in the growth and development, or micromorphological observations of the mycelium in response to variable lighting and culturing media, have not performed. We aim to reveal the effect of light and nutrients on C. unicolor growth and a potential relationship between the culture medium and lighting conditions on fungus micromorphological structures. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed for morphological observations of C. unicolor mycelium cultivated in red, blue, green, and white light and darkness on mineral and sawdust media. A comprehensive analysis of C. unicolor differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was employed to find global changes in the expression profiles of genes putatively involved in light-dependent morphogenesis. Both light and nutrients influenced C. unicolor growth and development. Considerable differences in the micromorphology of the mycelia were found, which were partially reflected in the functional groups of DEGs observed in the fungus transcriptomes. A complex cross-interaction of nutritional and environmental signals on C. unicolor growth and morphology was suggested. The results are a promising starting point for further investigations of fungus photobiology.

Biotransformation of grape pomace by white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora into high value phenolic compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. S88-S89
Author(s):  
Gordana Selo ◽  
Mirela Planinic ◽  
Marina Tisma ◽  
Darijo Sibalic ◽  
Ana Bucic Kojic
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora

scholarly journals Light-regulated synthesis of extra- and intracellular enzymes related to wood degradation by the white rot fungus Cerrena unicolor during solid-state fermentation on ash sawdust-based medium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pawlik ◽  
Magdalena Jaszek ◽  
Justyna Sulej ◽  
Grzegorz Janusz
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
White Light ◽  
Redox System ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Wood Degradation ◽  
Dark Light ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor ◽  
By Products ◽  
Different Levels

The light-dependent metabolism of the white rot basidiomycete Cerrena unicolor FCL139 has already been demonstrated using transcriptomic and Biolog-based approaches. To further analyze the influence of light on C. unicolor wood degradation, we measured the activity of an array of CAZymes (carbohydrate-active enzymes) and enzymes involved in the redox system of fungal cells associated with lignolysis. Extra- and intracellular enzymatic extracts were obtained from solid-state ash sawdust C. unicolor cultures cultivated for 14 days under red, blue, green, or white light conditions, or in the dark. Light greatly influenced the synthesis of MnP, total cellulases, endo-1,4-β-glucanase, endo-1,4-β-xylanase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The production of MnP and catalase was evidently stimulated by white light. It is also worth noticing that blue light caused a gradual increase in the activity of total cellulases throughout the entire period of C. unicolor growth. Moreover, endo-1,4-β-glucanase showed the highest activity on day 13 of fungus cultivation and the production of laccase and β-glucosidase appeared to be the least influenced by light. However, the strongest activity of the endo-1,4-β-xylanase was observed in the dark. It seemed that light not only influenced the regulation of the synthesis of the wood-degrading enzymes at different levels, but also acted indirectly by affecting production of enzymes managing harmful lignin by-products causing oxidative stress. The ability of the fungus to decompose woody plant material is clearly influenced by environmental factors.

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