A Comparative Study on Evaluating National Innovation Systems of Developing Countries – with the Cases of Five Countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion

This paper presents a tool for the indicator-based analysis of national innovation systems (ANIS). ANIS identifies the economic strengths and weaknesses of a country-wide, regional or local system and includes a comprehensive examination and evaluation of the status of existing innovation systems. The use of a particular form of expert interviews at macro, meso and micro levels provides a detailed image of a national, regional or local economy. This analytical approach is intended mainly for emerging and developing countries, for which standard innovation benchmarking and monitoring approaches may not be appropriate. The ANIS approach provides a quick and comprehensive picture of the main scope of interventions for improving individual determinants of an innovation system. As a result, targeted policy measures can be formulated to address these determinants. Policy makers can thus benefit from clear advice when striving to overcome weaknesses in their innovation systems and in identifying those determinants that should receive special attention. An analysis of the local innovation system of Manaus in Brazil is presented here as an example.

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Assessing the efficiency of national innovation systems in developing countries

Science and Public Policy ◽

10.1093/scipol/scz005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 530-540

Author(s):

Hyeri Choi ◽

Hangjung Zo

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Clustering Analysis ◽

Global Economy ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

Application Process ◽

National Innovation Systems ◽

Efficiency Assessment ◽

Two Stages ◽

Knowledge Absorption

Abstract Despite the growing importance of developing countries to the global economy and their increasing role in innovation, limited academic attention has been given to the national innovation systems (NIS) of these countries. Given that they commonly suffer a lack of resources, efficiency in the operation of innovation seems crucial. This study aims to assess the innovation efficiency of developing countries. Breaking down the NIS into two stages, knowledge production and application process, we additionally introduce the knowledge absorption perspective in the latter stage as the consideration for the context of developing countries. Based on the results of the efficiency assessment, clustering analysis is implemented to identify several typologies of the operation of NIS in developing countries and to provide implications for each case. This study will constitute a meaningful attempt to provide a general understanding of innovation status and operations in developing countries, thereby suggesting policy directions for several cases.

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The Role of Multinational Corporations in National Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: From Technology Diffusion to International Involvement

Handbook of Innovation Systems and Developing Countries ◽

10.4337/9781849803427.00018 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anabel Marin ◽

Valeria Arza

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Multinational Corporations ◽

Technology Diffusion ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

National Innovation Systems

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The Role of Indigenous Firms in Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: The Developmental Implications of National Champion Firms’ Response to Underdeveloped National Innovation Systems

Handbook of Innovation Systems and Developing Countries ◽

10.4337/9781849803427.00017 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Helena Barnard ◽

Tracy Bromfield ◽

John Cantwell

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

National Innovation Systems

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Determinants of National Innovation Systems: Policy implications for developing countries

Innovation ◽

10.5172/impp.2012.203 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 203-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frank L Bartels ◽

Hinrich Voss ◽

Suman Lederer ◽

Christopher Bachtrog

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

Policy Implications ◽

National Innovation Systems

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National innovation systems in developing countries: Barriers to university–industry collaboration in Egypt

International Journal of Technology Management and Sustainable Development ◽

10.1386/tmsd.14.2.113_1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 113-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ahmed M. Attia

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

National Innovation Systems ◽

Industry Collaboration ◽

University Industry

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What a difference a state makes: pharmaceutical innovation after the TRIPs agreement

Business and Politics ◽

10.1515/bap-2012-0042 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 217-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Verena Schüren

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Intellectual Property ◽

Political Science ◽

Intellectual Property Rights ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

Pharmaceutical Innovation ◽

National Innovation Systems ◽

State Engagement ◽

Country Specific

For more than a decade, political science scholars have stressed the harmonizing effect of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs). Recent implementation practices in developing countries, however, have challenged this view. In this article, I argue that different manifestations of innovation systems can lead to varying patterns of innovation. I substantiate this claim through a comparison between the pharmaceutical sectors of India and Brazil. Drawing on the NSI approach, my analysis reveals that different forms of state engagement have played a decisive role for the varying directions of post-TRIPs pharmaceutical innovation in the two countries. The article illustrates that developing countries can opt for different approaches to innovation even after TRIPs and that the socioeconomic effects of global IP regimes can only be assessed properly when taking into account the country-specific configurations of national innovation systems.

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