The Role of Indigenous Firms in Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: The Developmental Implications of National Champion Firms’ Response to Underdeveloped National Innovation Systems

This paper presents a tool for the indicator-based analysis of national innovation systems (ANIS). ANIS identifies the economic strengths and weaknesses of a country-wide, regional or local system and includes a comprehensive examination and evaluation of the status of existing innovation systems. The use of a particular form of expert interviews at macro, meso and micro levels provides a detailed image of a national, regional or local economy. This analytical approach is intended mainly for emerging and developing countries, for which standard innovation benchmarking and monitoring approaches may not be appropriate. The ANIS approach provides a quick and comprehensive picture of the main scope of interventions for improving individual determinants of an innovation system. As a result, targeted policy measures can be formulated to address these determinants. Policy makers can thus benefit from clear advice when striving to overcome weaknesses in their innovation systems and in identifying those determinants that should receive special attention. An analysis of the local innovation system of Manaus in Brazil is presented here as an example.

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Policy Recommendations to Integrate Environmentally Sound Technologies in National Innovation Systems

10.18235/0003258 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Salazar

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

The Other ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

National Innovation Systems ◽

Global Environmental ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Regional Project ◽

Environmentally Sound

As part of the Poznan Strategic Programme on Technology Transfer, which the Global Environmental Facility funded a regional project, implemented by the IDB. One of the components of this project was executed by Mexicos National Climate Change and Ecology Institute. It carried out two very relevant studies, one on recommendations to integrate climate change technologies into the national innovation systems, and the other on planning tools for climate change. The topics addressed on this document are i) The role of Environmentally Sound Technologies & National Innovation Systems (NIS) in the fight against Climate Change. ii) Greening NIS in LAC: Challenges and Opportunities. iii) Recommendations for the integration of ESTs into NIS.

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National Innovation Systems and Innovation in Nations

Inventing Ideas ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190936075.003.0013 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 348-381

Author(s):

B. Zorina Khan

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

The United States ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

The State ◽

National Innovation Systems ◽

Useful Knowledge ◽

American Experience ◽

Economic Decisions ◽

Long Run

Selective case studies of the post–World War II economy have given rise to claims that national innovation systems, or dirigiste linkages between the state, universities, and industry, are required for technological change and economic growth. The long-run patterns of innovation in the leading nations of Britain, France, and the United States suggest otherwise. Administered systems, where key economic decisions were made by elites, the state, and other privileged groups, typically were associated with monopsonies and the misallocation of resources and talent. By contrast, the American experience highlights the central role of markets in ideas and decentralized incentives for innovation, in concert with flexible open-access adjacent institutions, in promoting useful knowledge and sustained technological progress.

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Assessing the efficiency of national innovation systems in developing countries

Science and Public Policy ◽

10.1093/scipol/scz005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 530-540

Author(s):

Hyeri Choi ◽

Hangjung Zo

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Clustering Analysis ◽

Global Economy ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

Application Process ◽

National Innovation Systems ◽

Efficiency Assessment ◽

Two Stages ◽

Knowledge Absorption

Abstract Despite the growing importance of developing countries to the global economy and their increasing role in innovation, limited academic attention has been given to the national innovation systems (NIS) of these countries. Given that they commonly suffer a lack of resources, efficiency in the operation of innovation seems crucial. This study aims to assess the innovation efficiency of developing countries. Breaking down the NIS into two stages, knowledge production and application process, we additionally introduce the knowledge absorption perspective in the latter stage as the consideration for the context of developing countries. Based on the results of the efficiency assessment, clustering analysis is implemented to identify several typologies of the operation of NIS in developing countries and to provide implications for each case. This study will constitute a meaningful attempt to provide a general understanding of innovation status and operations in developing countries, thereby suggesting policy directions for several cases.

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