scholarly journals National innovation systems and the intermediary role of industry associations in building institutional capacities for innovation in developing countries: A critical review of the literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1407-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Watkins ◽  
Theo Papaioannou ◽  
Julius Mugwagwa ◽  
Dinar Kale
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Intermediary Role ◽  
Industry Associations

A New Approach for Analysing National Innovation Systems in Emerging and Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Seidel ◽  
Lysann Müller ◽  
Gerd Meier zu Köcker ◽  
Guajarino de Araújo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Local System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Individual Determinants ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Emerging And Developing Countries

This paper presents a tool for the indicator-based analysis of national innovation systems (ANIS). ANIS identifies the economic strengths and weaknesses of a country-wide, regional or local system and includes a comprehensive examination and evaluation of the status of existing innovation systems. The use of a particular form of expert interviews at macro, meso and micro levels provides a detailed image of a national, regional or local economy. This analytical approach is intended mainly for emerging and developing countries, for which standard innovation benchmarking and monitoring approaches may not be appropriate. The ANIS approach provides a quick and comprehensive picture of the main scope of interventions for improving individual determinants of an innovation system. As a result, targeted policy measures can be formulated to address these determinants. Policy makers can thus benefit from clear advice when striving to overcome weaknesses in their innovation systems and in identifying those determinants that should receive special attention. An analysis of the local innovation system of Manaus in Brazil is presented here as an example.

Policy Recommendations to Integrate Environmentally Sound Technologies in National Innovation Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Regional Project ◽  
Environmentally Sound

As part of the Poznan Strategic Programme on Technology Transfer, which the Global Environmental Facility funded a regional project, implemented by the IDB. One of the components of this project was executed by Mexicos National Climate Change and Ecology Institute. It carried out two very relevant studies, one on recommendations to integrate climate change technologies into the national innovation systems, and the other on planning tools for climate change. The topics addressed on this document are i) The role of Environmentally Sound Technologies & National Innovation Systems (NIS) in the fight against Climate Change. ii) Greening NIS in LAC: Challenges and Opportunities. iii) Recommendations for the integration of ESTs into NIS.

National Innovation Systems and Innovation in Nations

2020 ◽  
pp. 348-381
Author(s):  
B. Zorina Khan
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Long Run

Selective case studies of the post–World War II economy have given rise to claims that national innovation systems, or dirigiste linkages between the state, universities, and industry, are required for technological change and economic growth. The long-run patterns of innovation in the leading nations of Britain, France, and the United States suggest otherwise. Administered systems, where key economic decisions were made by elites, the state, and other privileged groups, typically were associated with monopsonies and the misallocation of resources and talent. By contrast, the American experience highlights the central role of markets in ideas and decentralized incentives for innovation, in concert with flexible open-access adjacent institutions, in promoting useful knowledge and sustained technological progress.

scholarly journals The value, impact and role of nurses in rheumatology outpatient care: Critical review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Lempp ◽  
Rhiannon Baggott ◽  
David L. Scott ◽  
Louise Parker ◽  
Ailsa Bosworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Rheumatology Outpatient

Assessing the efficiency of national innovation systems in developing countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-540
Author(s):  
Hyeri Choi ◽  
Hangjung Zo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Application Process ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Knowledge Absorption

Abstract Despite the growing importance of developing countries to the global economy and their increasing role in innovation, limited academic attention has been given to the national innovation systems (NIS) of these countries. Given that they commonly suffer a lack of resources, efficiency in the operation of innovation seems crucial. This study aims to assess the innovation efficiency of developing countries. Breaking down the NIS into two stages, knowledge production and application process, we additionally introduce the knowledge absorption perspective in the latter stage as the consideration for the context of developing countries. Based on the results of the efficiency assessment, clustering analysis is implemented to identify several typologies of the operation of NIS in developing countries and to provide implications for each case. This study will constitute a meaningful attempt to provide a general understanding of innovation status and operations in developing countries, thereby suggesting policy directions for several cases.

Parents’ Speech and Children’s Stuttering: A Critique of the Literature

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 978-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. Nippold ◽  
Mishelle Rudzinski
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Question Asking ◽  
Speech Behaviors ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Way

The role of parents in relation to their children’s stuttering has been of great interest to speech-language pathologists for more than 50 years. As part of treatment, speech-language pathologists frequently advise parents to modify their speech behaviors when talking with their children. For example, parents are often told to speak more slowly and to refrain from interrupting or questioning the child excessively. Given the commonness of this advice, it is important to examine the research upon which it is based. This article contains a critical review of the literature concerning the role of parents’ speech behaviors (e.g., rate, interruptions, question-asking) in relation to their children’s stuttering. Published studies are reported and analyzed in order to determine the extent to which parents may affect their children’s stuttering through their own speech behaviors. The review indicates that there is little convincing evidence to support the view that parents of children who stutter differ from parents of children who do not stutter in the way they talk with their children. Similarly, there is little objective support for the argument that parents’ speech behaviors contribute to children’s stuttering or that modifying parents’ speech behaviors facilitates children’s fluency. Implications for treatment and for future research are discussed.

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