Study of Electrocardiographic Findings in Severe Anaemia

BACKGROUND Anaemia is a worldwide problem which has major consequences on human health. It also poses a huge social and economic burden. World Health Organisation defines a haemoglobin level of less than 8 gm / dL as severe anaemia. It affects multiple organs, cardiovascular system being one of them. The clinical features of anaemia are a result of diminished oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. The clinical presentations vary depending on the age of the patient, rapidity of onset of anaemia and its severity. The cardiac changes are reflected as electrocardiographic abnormalities. In clinical practice such electrocardiographic findings simulate those of ischemic heart disease leading to a battery of investigations. METHODS This was a retrospective study. Forty five anaemia patients admitted in medicine wards of S. Nijalingappa Medical College and HSK hospital over a period of 6 months from 1st July 2019 to 31st Dec 2019 were studied. Complete hemogram and electrocardiography were obtained and analysed. RESULTS Anaemia was more common among females who constituted 30 (66.66 %) patients as compared to males constituting 15 (33.33 %) patients. 31 patients (68.88 %) with severe anaemia showed ECG changes. Most common finding was sinus tachycardia seen in 17 (37.77 %) of patients followed by T inversions 11 (24.44 %) and ST depressions 4 (8.88 %). Anaemia was most commonly seen in the age group of 15 - 30 years constituting 23 (51.11 %) patients. ECG findings were more common in females as compared to males. 22 (73.33 %) of female patients had ECG changes as compared to 9 (60 %) in males. CONCLUSIONS ECG abnormalities are common in patients with severe anaemia more so in females. These mimic changes seen in patients with ischemic heart disease. KEYWORDS Severe Anaemia, Electrocardiographic Findings, Sinus Tachycardia

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ROLE OF GRAY-SCALE AND DOPPLER ULTRASOUND OF CAROTID ARTERY IN RISK STRATIFICATION OF STABLE ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY

10.36106/ijsr/9221566 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 42-44

Author(s):

Sukanya Banerjee ◽

Mainak Mukhopadhyay ◽

Auriom Kar ◽

Shivesh Sahai

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

World Health ◽

Atheromatous Plaque ◽

Gray Scale ◽

Stable Ischemic Heart Disease

Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world. According to a report of World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005, cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused 17.5 million (30%) of the 58 million deaths that occurred worldwide. While the prevalence and mortality due to CHD is declining in the developed nations the same cannot be held true for developing countries. Aims And Objective: This study aimed to establish the role of Gray Scale USG and carotid artery Doppler study as a leading investigation in general population presenting with Stable Ischemic Heart Disease. It intended to evaluate the frequency and degree of carotid artery stenosis in these patients & also assess the morphology of atherosclerotic plaque and IMT which are clearly related to pathogenesis and aid in planning and management. Materials And Methods: Adult persons attending to Nilratan Sircar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata both at OPD and Ward, with Stable Ischemic Heart disease that has undergone coronary angiography were chosen as the Study population. Result And Analysis: Our study showed that 62 % of the patients were above 60 years of age. 84 % of our patients were male.74% of our patients had history of smoking. 70 % of our patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus. 72 % of our patients were dyslipidemic. 78% of the patients were hypertensive. 80 % of patients had increased carotid artery tunica intima media thickening. 66 % of patients had presence of atheromatous plaque in carotid arteries. Summary And Conclusion: However, our study did corroborate with the other available studies except for few deviations like increased number of modiable risk factors in our group. Our study clearly demonstrated Metabolic syndrome –X as a strong risk factor for ischemic heart disease and also suggested early medical treatment can prevent future recurrence. Larger multicentric trials may be necessary in future, for further validation

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Plants with Hypotensive, Antiatheromatous and Coronarodilatating Action

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x79000180 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 07 (03) ◽

pp. 197-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

V. Petkov

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Coronary Spasm ◽

Medical Knowledge ◽

Atherogenic Diet ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

World Health ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Health Organization

However great the success in the therapy of hypertension, atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease has been gained today by recent efficient drugs, the definite healing of patients is not yet attained. The late discovery of reserpine, such an efficient drug of plant origin against hypertension, convinced so far reluctant scientists to consider the chemical compounds of the plant world. With respect to this traditional medical knowledge, it seems to define more accurately the specificity of these healings-sometimes recommended unspecifically for a whole branch of medicine. This experimental verification should not use inconsiderably the present-day classification of diseases; there should be an awareness that conventional experimental methods in pharmacology are often unsuitable for revealing the real biological activity of one or another medicinal plant. The interest in the mellennial empirical field of health care is acknowledged by the World Health Organization which promotes research and development of traditional medicine, along with investigations into its psychosocial and ethnographic aspects. These studies cover a number of plants growing in Bulgaria that have a healing effect in hypertension, atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease according to the data of traditional medicine. Using screening methods, extracts and chemically pure substances were investigated; extraction was done with solvents such as water, ether, chloroform, dichloretan, ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Most of the experiments were carried out on anesthetized cats, rabbits and dogs. The substances tested were applied mainly intravenously, and in some experiments orally. Chronic experiments were also carried out on wakeful dogs with induced hypertension, on animals fed on an atherogenic diet, and on animals with induced arrhythmia and coronary spasm. Data are presented of clinical examination of some plants of active substances isolated from them. Major results of these studies are presented for the following plants: Garlic; Geranium; Hellebore; Mistletoe; Olive; Valerian; Hawthorn; Peucedanum arenarium; Periwinkle; Fumitory. For another 50 plants growing in Bulgaria and in other countries the author presents his and other investigators' experimental and clinical data about hypertensive, antiatheromatous and coronarodilatating action.

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Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. Report of the Joint International Society and Federation of Cardiology/World Health Organization task force on standardization of clinical nomenclature.

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.59.3.607 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 607-609 ◽

Cited By ~ 551

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

World Health Organization ◽

International Society ◽

Task Force ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

World Health ◽

Criteria For Diagnosis ◽

Health Organization

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Burden of Disease Due to Traffic Noise in Germany

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16132304 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (13) ◽

pp. 2304 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tobollik ◽

Hintzsche ◽

Wothge ◽

Myck ◽

Plass

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Burden Of Disease ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Environmental Noise ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

World Health ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Life Years

Traffic noise is nearly ubiquitous and thus can affect the health of many people. Using the German noise mapping data according to the Directive 2002/49/EC of 2017 and exposure-response functions for ischemic heart disease, noise annoyance and sleep disturbance assessed by the World Health Organization’s Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region the burden of disease due to traffic noise is quantified. The burden of disease is expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and its components. The highest burden was found for road traffic noise, with 75,896 DALYs when only considering moderate evidence. When including all available evidence, 176,888 DALYs can be attributable to road traffic noise. The burden due to aircraft and railway noise is lower because fewer people are exposed. Comparing the burden by health outcomes, the biggest share is due to ischemic heart disease (90%) in regard to aircraft noise, however, the lowest evidence was expressed for the association between traffic noise and ischemic heart disease. Therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution. Using alternative input parameters (e.g., exposure data) can lead to a much higher burden. Nevertheless, environmental noise is an important risk factor which leads to considerable loss of healthy life years.

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