scholarly journals „Digital enchantment‟. University in the age of digitalization and its cultural interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Olga K. Krokinskaya ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana P. Vasil’eva ◽  
Lidia M. Dmitrieva

At the turn of the 20th–21st centuries there appeared a trend of appeal to the anthropocentric paradigm for scientific knowledge in the toponymic studies. In the previous period, the toponymic studies relied upon the properties of toponyms as language units at the semantic, structural, and grammatical levels. At the same time, the ethnocultural aspect of the geographic names manifesting the ethnocultural stereotypes for exploring the world, and, wider, for the worldview of both contemplating man and acting man remained outside the scope of linguistic studies. Rooted in the integrative approach to analysis of linguistic phenomena, the anthropocentrism principles determined a qualitatively new stage of research based on activating the cognitive structures of mental knowledge. Thus, the presented review shows that toponyms are an important source of ethnocultural information that can be extracted through cognitive modelling and linguistic and cultural interpretation within the framework of the anthropocentric paradigm. In the future, the applied methods of toponymic research can be extrapolated to other sources of linguistic and cultural information


2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1364-1390
Author(s):  
Zoran Nedeljković

The author has given a socio-cultural interpretation of the phenomenon of laughter in the film "The Joker" (Todd, Phillips, 2019) as an individual as well as a social phenomenon of Western civilization. He considers the difference between the concepts of utopia, dystopia and utopistics as a possible solution to the problem that would avoid an optimistic and pessimistic view of the future of humanity. The author seeks a civilization parallel between the fictional world of film and the cultural elements of today. The necrophilic atmosphere of Gotham City is strikingly reminiscent of the spiritual lethargy that characterizes the postmodern metropolises of the 21st century. The fate of the film's protagonist could afflict any individual on our planet if they came to the realization that they are a personality, that they have created themselves, and that on their own spiritual skin they have felt the misunderstanding of others who do not wish to stand out from the crowd. The author notes that many protesters against the governing structures of the oligarchy of states around the world have identified themselves in their protest with the Joker, an anti-hero who in a century of tolerance defends with laughter when he feels that his existence is threatened. In this film, the Joker is the personification of a diseased society. Todd Philips' work is an attempt to draw attention to the fact that the stratification of the human community can lead to the breakdown of social relations, however much the governing establishment's media seek to entertain and laugh at masses of proletarians and homeless people without a cultural identity through entertainment shows. The impact of the film, as a work of art, was visible immediately after its broadcast in public. The failed clown Joker could not cure himself with laughter because his laughing was "crying upside down" out of despair that was contrary to the hope of a man who could seek the meaning of his life in two Christian virtues: faith and love. However, the author of this text offers a solution by reminding of the way of life of a specific person, which would save the world from moral panic. He introduces us to a man with an accomplished existence of being a clown and a university professor at the same time - E. Kiphard (1923-2010), who lived to help fellow men with a mission to treat people with laughter rather than to defend them with the Joker's unnatural and contagious laughter of an anti-utopian resident.


2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nxasana ◽  
G. Thupayagale-Tshweneagae

A qualitative study using in-depth interviews with 10 nurses working with psychiatric patients was conducted in 2012. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nurses’ perceptions on the readmission of psychiatric patients within one year of discharge from Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital. Tesch’s method of data analysis was used to identify the nurses’ perceptions on the readmissions of psychiatric patients one year after discharge. The results of this study affirmed the reasons known in literature about factors associated with re-admissions, which include lack of family support, poor adherence to medications and substance and alcohol use. However, a unique finding of the study was the cultural interpretation of psychiatric illness that led to poor compliance. The study concluded that cultural interpretation of mental illness is among the many causes of readmission of psychiatric patients and may be an overarching factor. The study recommends that a study be done on exploring the cultural interpretations of psychiatric illness and the impact of those interpretations on the readmission of psychiatric patients.


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