Distribution and Abundance of Early-Season Wild Host Plants and Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm Populations (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in an Intensively Cropped Area of the Mid-Delta of Mississippi

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Snodgrass ◽  
E. A. Stadelbacher ◽  
J. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Washington County ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
Wild Hosts

An intensively cropped area of the Mississippi Delta located in Washington County, Mississippi was sampled to determine distribution and abundance of early-season wild host plants of Heliothis virescens (F.) and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and F1 larval populations on them. The area sampled was approximately 6.4 km square with an approximate area of 4,146 ha. Wild host plants were most numerous along roadsides, ditch and field margins, and in small (usually dry) ditches and their margins. The total area of suitable habitat for these wild hosts was estimated as 98.8 ha which represented approximately 2.4% of the total area. Species of Geranium were the most abundant wild hosts found. Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens were estimated to average a combined total of 62 larvae per ha of wild host plants. These data demonstrate that experiments on the control of both pest species on wild hosts on an area-wide basis in the Delta are possible due to the confinement of these pests and their wild host plants to a relatively small area.

Early Season Application of a Baculovirus for Area-Wide Management of Heliothis/Helicoverpa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): 1992 Field Trial

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Bell ◽  
D. D. Hardee
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Treated Area ◽  
Untreated Area ◽  
Weed Hosts ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Growing Region

A 9.6-km diam area in the intensive cotton-growing region of the Mississippi Delta was treated with an entomopathogenic virus to determine the effect on populations of adult tobacco budworms, Heliothis virescens (F.), and bollworms, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), emerging from early season weed hosts. Four aircraft were used to treat ≈ 7,106 ha during 24–28 April at a rate of 100 larval equivalents per ha. Emergence data from cages placed over treated and untreated areas indicated that virus treatments reduced tobacco budworm emergence by 80.6% and bollworm emergence by 46.2%. During the emergence period, tobacco budworm traps in the area surrounding the treated area averaged 11.4 moths per trap per night. Average trap capture per trap per night in the center (6.4 km diam) of the treated area was 6.4 moths, a reduction of 43.9% compared with the untreated area. Correspondingly, reduction in trap counts for bollworm in the center was 21% when compared with the untreated area.

Age-Specific Mortality of Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae on Flower Buds of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Vip3A and VipCot™ Insecticidal Proteins

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Bommireddy ◽  
B. R. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Insecticidal Proteins ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Cumulative Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality

The age-specific mortality of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), larvae was quantified on flower buds (squares) of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton expressing Vip3A and VipCot™ (Vip3A + CrylAb) proteins. Cumulative mortality levels for both species and all larval ages (2 d, 4 d, 6 d, and 8-d-old) were significantly higher on squares of the Vip3A and VipCot cotton lines compared with that for the nonBt Coker 312 cotton. In general, H. zea and H. virescens larvae demonstrated significantly lower survival on VipCot squares compared with larvae that were offered Vip3A squares. The final cumulative mortality levels of H. zea larvae occurred more rapidly than that observed for H. virescens larvae on Vip3A squares. On Vip3A squares, the rates of peak mortality were similar among H. zea age-classes. Heliothis virescens in 4, 6 and 8-d-old age-classes survived longer than 2-d-old larvae on Vip3A squares. However, on VipCot squares, 8-d-old larvae of both species survived longer compared with other age-classes. Regardless of age-class, no larvae of either species were capable of completing pupation on squares from the VipCot cotton line. The combination of two insecticidal proteins expressed in the VipCot cotton line improved heliothine efficacy levels above that of the single protein in the Vip3A line and should exceed the requirements of the cotton industry for registration and regulation of transgenic Bt cottons. This level of VipCot toxicity to both target species supports continued development of the technology to provide another useful transgenic tool with considerable IPM and IRM value.

scholarly journals The nucleopolyhedroviruses of Rachiplusia ou and Anagrapha falcifera are isolates of the same virus

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 2793-2798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Harrison ◽  
Bryony C. Bonning
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Predicted Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Anagrapha Falcifera ◽  
Relationship Of

The 7·8 kb EcoRI-G fragment of Rachiplusia ou multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (RoMNPV), containing the polyhedrin gene, was cloned and sequenced. The sequence of the fragment was 92·3% identical to the sequence of the corresponding region in the Autographa californica (Ac)MNPV genome. A comparison of the EcoRI-G sequence with other MNPV sequences revealed that RoMNPV was most closely related to AcMNPV. However, the predicted amino acid sequence of RoMNPV polyhedrin shared more sequence identity with the polyhedrin of Orygia pseudotsugata MNPV. In addition, the RoMNPV sequence was almost completely identical (99·9%) to a previously published 6·3 kb sequence of Anagrapha falcifera MNPV (AfMNPV). The Eco RI and HindIII restriction fragment profiles of RoMNPV and AfMNPV also were nearly identical, with an additional EcoRI band detected in RoMNPV DNA. Bioassays of these viruses with three different hosts (the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis H übner, the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea Boddie, and the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens Fabricius) failed to detect any differences in the biological activities of RoMNPV and AfMNPV. These results indicate that RoMNPV and AfMNPV are different isolates of the same virus. The taxonomic relationship of Ro/AfMNPV and AcMNPV is discussed.

Heliothis virescens. [Distribution map].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lep., Noctuidae) (Tomato Budworm, Tobacco Budworm). Host Plants: Cotton, tomato, tobacco. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, El Salvador, Nicaragua, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Bionomics of the Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Its Ectoparasitic Nematode, Noctuidonema guyanense, in South Georgia

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
C. E. Rogers ◽  
O. G. Marti ◽  
L. D. Chandler ◽  
A. M. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Cotton Bollworm ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a perennial immigrant pest of several crops in south Georgia. Moths of S. frugiperda commonly are infested by an ectoparasitic nematode, Noctuidonema guyanense Remillet and Silvain in the Southeast. The seasonal chronology and natural association of these species are reported for Tift Co. from 1988 to 1994. Seasonal influxes of non-infested moths usually arrive in late April and dissipate in early November. Seasonal influxes of infested male moths follow the initial immigrants by 4 to 6 wks and disappear in the fall from 1 to 2 mos earlier than the general moth populations. Feral male moths that are moderately worn and infested by N. guyanense weigh less than moderately worn, non-infested males. Noctuidonema guyanense infests moths of several species of noctuids, but it has not been found on the cotton bollworm/corn earworm [Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)], tobacco budworm [Heliothis virescens (Fab.)], or beet armyworm [S. exigua (Hubner)].

Proboscidea louisianica: An Unreported Host of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-433
Author(s):  
M. L. Laster
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Semisynthetic Diet ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Cardiochiles Nigriceps ◽  
Devil’S Claw

The tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), was found to be strongly attracted to devil's claw, Proboscidea louisianica (Mill.) Thellung, plants. Of 160 larvae collected from the plants in 1992, 99.4% were H. virescens, 0.6% were Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), 42.5% died from infection by undetermined disease pathogens, and 11.3% H. virescens were parasitized by Cardiochiles nigriceps Vierick. Of 112 larvae collected from P. louisianica in 1994, 90.2% were H. virescens, 9.8% were H. zea, 59.8% died from infection by undetermined pathogens, and 26.7% H. virescens were parasitized by C. nigriceps. Feeding studies showed that P. louisianica was a nutritionally poor host for H. virescens, backcrosses of H. subflexa X H. virescens, and H. zea; when compared with their development on semisynthetic diet, development was much slower, pupal weights were lower, and survival rates were lower for larvae fed P. louisianica than for those fed semisynthetic diet. None of the backcross or H. zea and only one H. virescens female developed on P. louisianica survived to reproduce. This study reports P. louisianica as a new host record for H. virescens. Data show that H. virescens can survive and reproduce on this plant and that P. louisianica could be a major host of H. virescens in the Mississippi Delta if it were to become widespread.

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