scholarly journals An Investigation into the Relationship between Degree of Financial Leverage and Financial Risk of Firms: A Comparative Study between Listed MNCs and Domestic Companies of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-448
Author(s):  
Syed Mohammad Khaled Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous Chowdhury ◽  
Khan Md Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Domestic Companies

Impact of Financial Risk Ratios on Profitability of Multinational vs. Domestic Pharmaceuticals in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Kaushik Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Domestic Companies ◽  
Indian Pharmaceutical Industry

The impact of financial leverage on the profitability position of the business firms under different financing alternatives and with varying levels of overall profitability is one of the most crucial issues in modern finance to sustain continuous improvement in financial performance. In fact, framing an appropriate capital structure with flexible equity and disciplined debt financing is an integral part of the entire corporate strategy to gain shareholder confidence and stakeholder support to achieve long run sustainability. No firm can ignore this aspect in the context of today's high-tech competitive business environment. Unfortunately this issue has not been addressed with due importance in India and in particular, no significant study exists on the pharmaceutical sector comparing the linkage between financial leverage and profitability of multinational companies with that of the domestic companies. The pharmaceutical industry is acknowledged as one of the most promising industries in India; therefore this study should make a significant contribution to the practice. This paper examines the relationship between financial leverage and profitability of the Indian pharmaceutical industry during the period of March 2002 to December 2011 (N=20). The researcher compared the relationship between financial leverage and profitability of multinational companies with that of the domestic companies in the Indian pharmaceutical industry. The research found strong evidence of the negative contribution of financial leverage towards improving profitability for multinational and domestic firms. Hence, these results provide strong evidence of positive contribution of financial leverage towards improving profitability in a substantial portion of the sample companies during the study period.

scholarly journals Corporate trade-off hypothesis: An investigation of relationship between business and financial risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Iordanis M. Eleftheriadis
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Business Risk ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Relationship

This survey is focused on the investigation of the concept of the corporate trade-off hypothesis (CTH), which suggests that firms adjust business risk and financial leverage to obtain the desirable amount of total systematic risk. The empirical tests were carried on a sample of 319 firms from the food and beverage manufacturing sector that covered the period 2008-2016. Prior empirical research has examined the relationship between business and financial leverage using market data. The aim of this research was to explore this relationship using accounting data. The use of accounting data made it possible to include unlisted companies in our survey. The results show that there is an inverse relationship between the variables of operating beta and mean debt ratio, which measure business risk and financial leverage respectively. Consequently, the empirical findings support the hypothesis that the corporate trade-off hypothesis is operative, for the cluster of food and beverage manufacturing companies.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Geslani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Indian Religion

The introduction reviews the historiographic problem of the relation between fire sacrifice (yajña) and image worship (pūjā), which have traditionally been seen as opposing ritual structures serving to undergird the distinction of “Vedic” and “Hindu.” Against such an icono- and theocentric approach, it proposes a history of the priesthood in relation to royal power, centering on the relationship between the royal chaplain (purohita) and astrologer (sāṃvatsara) as a crucial, unexplored development in early Indian religion. In order to capture these historical developments, it outlines a method for the comparative study of ritual forms over time.

Jesus in the World of Religions a Preliminary Plotting of a Route Map

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-334
Author(s):  
Gerhard Van Den Heever
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
The World ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

AbstractIn a comparative study the issue is raised about the relationship between the construction of the saviour-image in Christianity, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism and Hinduism. The historical links between these traditions are highlighted and then the article proceeds to argue that when compared, the projections of the images of Jesus and Buddha, Jesus and Zoroaster and Jesus and Krishna exhibit a high degree of similarity. In the process questions are asked about the nature of religion and the value of comparative study.

Continuity and Peculiarities in Proto-Kazakh and Ancient Indian Early Religious Beliefs

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (121) ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
Zatov Zatov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Concept Of God ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

A comparative study of the mythological picture of the world, early forms of religion allows us to identify common features characteristic of the worldview and spiritual guidelines of mankind as a whole. These features can be traced in archaic ideas about the structure of the universe, in understanding their spiritual and bodily essence, the infinity of God and the eternity of the soul, the relationship and interdependence of life forms in the world. This allows us to assert the thesis of the unity of mankind in its spiritual origins, despite racial and ethnic diversity. In the process of a comparative analysis of mythology, early forms of religion, the concept of God, the pantheon and the function of the gods, similar moments and ethnological specifics of understanding the essence of the soul and reincarnation in totemistic beliefs, in cosmological and theogonistic concepts are revealed.The author also analyzes the role and significance of the cult of ancestors, traces the evolution of the idea of proto-monotism (the creative function of Tengri and Brahma, the intention of henotheistic faith) and its place in religious knowledge.

scholarly journals A comparative study on the relationship between the scale of cities and urban environmental indicators in Japan, Korea and China.

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 399-410
Author(s):  
Shinji KANEKO ◽  
Akira IMAI ◽  
Hirofumi NAKAYAMA ◽  
Xuemei BAI ◽  
Hidefumi IMURA
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
The Relationship
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