Blenderized Tube Feeding in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Bahramian ◽  
Saeedeh Talebi ◽  
Mitra Rezaie
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Published Evidence

Background: Enteral feeding (EF) is the delivery of liquid nutritional support through a tube for hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction who are incapable of eating or unable to meet their nutritional requirements via the oral route. Hospitals’ reports indicate an increased interest and demand for blenderized tube feeding (BTF) as an alternative to commercial enteral formulas particularly in families of tube fed children. In particular, by increasing food sensitivity and more complex identification in children, BTF allows families to adjust their diet to their children's needs. This systematic review aimed to summarize the published evidence regarding BTF in pediatric patients. Methods: Literature search was conducted in four databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, using multiple keywords, such as blenderized tube feeding, blended formula, homemade enteral nutrition, pediatric, and children. Out of 103 retrieved articles, 6 were selected and reviewed. Results: Six articles were eligible to be included in the current review. The results showed that calories were approximately 1kcal/g, protein 13 -22%, fat 30 - 34%, and carbohydrates intake 45-55% of total energy intake. Conclusions: The results indicated that BTF is acceptable and can be administered to children; however, due to concerns about calorie and macronutrients deficiency, it should be providing under the supervision of a nutritionist.  BTFs are a good choice among children; since they can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and are a good option for families who use EF for their children at home. Most pediatric patients use BTFs as a portion of their EF, making it necessary that nutritionists and physicians expand their knowledge about BTFs to appropriately care for these pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. flgastro-2020-101529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony K Akobeng ◽  
Ciaran Grafton-Clarke ◽  
Ibtihal Abdelgadir ◽  
Erica Twum-Barimah ◽  
Morris Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

ObjectivesTo summarise the published evidence on the gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in children and to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and the WHO’s database of publications on novel coronavirus. We included English language studies that had described original demographic and clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with COVID-19 and reported on the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. The pooled prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms was expressed as proportion and 95% CI.ResultsThe search identified 269 citations. Thirteen studies (nine case series and four case reports) comprising data for 284 patients were included. Overall, we rated four studies as having a low risk of bias, eight studies as moderate and one study as high risk of bias. In a meta-analysis of nine studies, comprising 280 patients, the pooled prevalence of all gastrointestinal symptoms was 22.8% (95% CI 13.1% to 35.2%; I2=54%). Diarrhoea was the most commonly reported gastrointestinal symptom followed by vomiting and abdominal pain.ConclusionsNearly a quarter of children with COVID-19 have gastrointestinal symptoms. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the gastrointestinal manifestation of COVID-19.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020177569.

Factors affecting attitudes on the decision to commence nasogastric tube feeding in haemopoietic stem cell transplant patients: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Habens ◽  
Emma C Morris ◽  
Wladyslawa Czuber-Dochan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Nasogastric Tube ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nasogastric Tube Feeding

Nutritional status has been linked to clinical outcomes in patients with cancer, and those being treated with haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) have a significant potential for prolonged periods of poor oral nutrition. This article explores factors affecting the provision of timely nasogastric tube feeding. A preliminary literature search identified a growing evidence-base for the choice and timing of nutritional support therapy. However, existing evidence and personal experience suggest that the use of nasogastric tubes to feed patients is often resisted by both health professionals and patients. This is the first systematic review to explore factors affecting attitudes on the decision to commence nasogastric tube feeding. Wide variation in practice already exists. Therefore, a better understanding of factors that affect the attitudes of health professionals and patients towards nutritional support therapy can facilitate the delivery of optimal nutritional care. The results provide a new perspective on how to achieve the best possible outcomes for patients.

Characteristics of the Frequency-Following Response to Speech in Neonates and Potential Applicability in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1618-1635
Author(s):  
Céline Richard ◽  
Mary Lauren Neel ◽  
Arnaud Jeanvoine ◽  
Sharon Mc Connell ◽  
Alison Gehred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Frequency Following Response ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Clinical Potential

Purpose We sought to critically analyze and evaluate published evidence regarding feasibility and clinical potential for predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes of the frequency-following responses (FFRs) to speech recordings in neonates (birth to 28 days). Method A systematic search of MeSH terms in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied HealthLiterature, Embase, Google Scholar, Ovid Medline (R) and E-Pub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily, Web of Science, SCOPUS, COCHRANE Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed. Manual review of all items identified in the search was performed by two independent reviewers. Articles were evaluated based on the level of methodological quality and evidence according to the RTI item bank. Results Seven articles met inclusion criteria. None of the included studies reported neurodevelopmental outcomes past 3 months of age. Quality of the evidence ranged from moderate to high. Protocol variations were frequent. Conclusions Based on this systematic review, the FFR to speech can capture both temporal and spectral acoustic features in neonates. It can accurately be recorded in a fast and easy manner at the infant's bedside. However, at this time, further studies are needed to identify and validate which FFR features could be incorporated as an addition to standard evaluation of infant sound processing evaluation in subcortico-cortical networks. This review identifies the need for further research focused on identifying specific features of the neonatal FFRs, those with predictive value for early childhood outcomes to help guide targeted early speech and hearing interventions.

scholarly journals Parasitic infections in Swiss children: Are we overtesting?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Légeret ◽  
Céline Rüttimann ◽  
Hans Fankhauser ◽  
Henrik Köhler
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Positive Result ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Stool Specimens

Abstract Background A wide variation of causes can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms in children- an infection with parasites is one of them. The expansion of international travel might lead to an increase in testing children for a correspondent infection. Currently there are no guidelines available, which patients should be tested for a possible parasitical infection. The aim of the study was to characterize Swiss children suffering from intestinal parasites, in order to provide more knowledge for the clinician who should be tested. Methods This is a retrospective study of Swiss pediatric patients, whose stools have been tested for parasites and helminths. Results A total of 1855 stool samples, belonging to 572 different children with an average age of 7.9 years, were tested within a 10-year period. The prevalence of a positive result was 4.2%, of which all were positive for Blastocystis, and 12.5% had a co-infection with Endolimax nana. Conclusion Immigrants, immune compromised children with diarrhea and pediatric patients with bloody or protracted diarrhea should have 2 different stool specimens examined for a possible parasitical infection.

Salivirus infection: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of association with gastrointestinal symptoms in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Mobini Kesheh ◽  
Alireza Khatami ◽  
Hassan Saadati ◽  
Mahdi Jabbari ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Razizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Risk factors for the development of hypocalcemia in pediatric patients after total thyroidectomy – A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 110666
Author(s):  
Kung-Ting Kao ◽  
Elspeth C. Ferguson ◽  
Geoff Blair ◽  
Neil K. Chadha ◽  
Jean-Pierre Chanoine
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Pediatric Patients

scholarly journals Issues and Controversies in the Evolution of Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
David Nalin
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Current Review ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rehydration Solution

The original studies demonstrating the efficacy of oral glucose-electrolytes solutions in reducing or eliminating the need for intravenous therapy to correct dehydration caused by acute watery diarrheas (AWD) were focused chiefly on cholera patients. Later research adapted the oral therapy (ORT) methodology for treatment of non-cholera AWDs including for pediatric patients. These adaptations included the 2:1 regimen using 2 parts of the original WHO oral rehydration solution (ORS) formulation followed by 1 part additional plain water, and a “low sodium” packet formulation with similar average electrolyte and glucose concentrations when dissolved in the recommended volume of water. The programmatic desire for a single ORS packet formulation has led to controversy over use of the “low sodium” formulations to treat cholera patients. This is the subject of the current review, with the conclusion that use of the low-sodium ORS to treat cholera patients leads to negative sodium balance, leading to hyponatremia and, in severe cases, particularly in pediatric cholera, to seizures and other complications of sodium depletion. Therefore it is recommended that two separate ORS packet formulations be used, one for cholera therapy and the other for non-cholera pediatric AWD.

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