scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging of sudden-onset anosmia in COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Sanei-Taheri ◽  
Zahra Mahboubi-Fooladi ◽  
Reza Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Article Abstract

The article abstract is not available.

scholarly journals Uterine Rupture of a Patient With Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy at 26th Gestational Weeks Diagnosed via Magnetic Resonance Imaging: a Case Report

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEVCAN SARIKAYA ◽  
MUHSİN NUH AYBAY
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rudimentary Horn ◽  
Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Objective: Pregnancy of Rudimentary Horn is a type of ectopic pregnancy, that is recognized almost always during surgical treatment of a rupture of the rudimentary horn. This is an obstetric case diagnosed preoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Case: We report the case of a 19-years-old primigravida patient with rupture of rudimentary horn in 26th gestational week. The patient presented with sudden onset severe abdominal pain in the emergency room. Intraabdominal free fluid is detected. To evaluate the etiology of free fluid and location of the gestational sac, an abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was planned. The decision of emergent laparotomy is made because of sonographic detection of abdominal excessive -concentrated- free fluid, abdominal tenderness, and 2 points decrease of hemoglobin value in the control hemogram. A rudimentary horn pregnancy and fundal rupture of the rudimentary part of the uterus are diagnosed during the surgical procedure. A baby -live- weighing 450 grams was delivered. The ruptured rudimentary horn and same-sided tuba uterina were surgically removed.Conclusion: Rudimentary horn pregnancy is a rare ectopic pregnancy. Diagnosis is difficult clinically, even with diagnostic imaging modalities. Identifying both cornuas systematically in all patients increases the detection rate. The absence of continuity between the gestational sac’s lumen and the cervical canal on imaging is an important finding. Due to the serious maternal and fetal complications, its detection at an early week may be life-saving.

Clinical versus Subclinical Pituitary Apoplexy: Presentation, Surgical Management, and Outcome in 21 Patients

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Onesti ◽  
Thomas Wisniewski ◽  
Kalmon D. Post
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Sellar Tumor

Abstract A retrospective review of 16 consecutive patients with pituitary apoplexy treated over a 10-year period is reported. Eight men and 8 women (mean age, 48 years) underwent transsphenoidal decompression after an average duration of symptoms of 19 days. The diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy was made by the sudden onset of headache (88%), nausea (56%), or meningismus (13%), with or without visual disturbances (75%), in the setting of a sellar tumor on computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging scans. Thirteen of 16 patients showed significant improvement of symptoms after surgery (average follow-up, 2.5 years). In addition, 5 patients with clinically silent yet extensive pituitary hemorrhage were treated. Although extensive pituitary hemorrhage often produced fulminant apoplexy, it also presented insidiously over many days with few, if any, clinical signs. Rapid diagnosis, endocrine replacement, and transsphenoidal decompression constituted effective therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (after at least 12 hours of symptoms) was superior to computed tomography in detecting hemorrhage.

Optic Nerve Arteriovenous Malformation Causing Optic Apoplexy: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Muragaki ◽  
Hiroshi Ujiie ◽  
Masayuki Ohno ◽  
Osami Kubo ◽  
Tomokatsu Hori
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cavernous Malformations

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Vascular malformations in the optic pathway are rare. Only one case of pathologically confirmed arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the optic nerve has been reported previously. We document the case of a patient with an optic nerve AVM who presented with optic apoplexy that was diagnosed with the use of magnetic resonance imaging. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 15-year-old girl developed left visual disturbance of sudden onset while playing badminton. A magnetic resonance imaging scan disclosed left optic nerve swelling and intraoptical hemorrhage, although an angiogram did not reveal abnormal vessels. INTERVENTION The patient underwent total removal of the hematoma and tangles of the abnormal vessels in the left optic nerve, which was diagnosed pathologically as an AVM. The patient recovered visual acuity, but the left visual field defect remained unchanged. CONCLUSION Along with cavernous malformations and optic gliomas, AVMs can be a rare cause of optic nerve apoplexy. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is useful in rendering the diagnosis of an optic nerve AVM, observed as a mass lesion consisting of serpiginous, tangled, low-intensity bands. Early surgical treatment is recommended to obtain a rapid recovery.

scholarly journals Hemiballismus, Hyperphagia, and Behavioral Changes following Subthalamic Infarct

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Etemadifar ◽  
Seyed-Hossein Abtahi ◽  
Seyed-Mojtaba Abtahi ◽  
Motahreh Mirdamadi ◽  
Sepideh Sajjadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Infarct Area

The function of subthalamic nucleus (STN) which is a part of the basal ganglia system is not clear, but it is hypothesized that this component might be involved in action selection. Unilateral damage to STN, which can commonly occur due to the small vessel stroke mainly, causes hemiballismus and sometimes hemichorea-hemiballismus. This paper deals with a 60-year-old patient with sudden onset of abnormal movements in his right limbs. He had increased appetite and hyperphagia and also developed mood and behavioral changes (aggressiveness, irritability, anxiety, and sometimes obscene speech). The magnetic resonance imaging revealed infarct area in left subthalamus. In our case, hemiballismus is caused by infarction in left subthalamic area. Occurrence of irritability, anxiety, and some behavioral changes such as aggressiveness and obscene speech can be explained by impairment of STN role in nonmotor behavior and cognitive function as a result of infarct.

scholarly journals High resolution magnetic resonance imaging for exposing facial nerve zonal vulnerability to microbleeds: A rare cause of facial palsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-388
Author(s):  
Charlie Chia-Tsong Hsu ◽  
Dalveer Singh ◽  
Trevor William Watkins ◽  
Gigi Nga Chi Kwan ◽  
Sachintha Hapugoda
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rapid Acquisition

Background We report a case of hypertensive microbleeds strategically located at the attached segment (AS) and root entry zone (REZ) at the left facial nerve causing facial paralysis. Case Report A 60-year-old woman presented with sudden onset left facial paralysis. Medical history was significant for poorly controlled hypertension secondary to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (primary hyperaldosteronism). The patient was initially treated for presumptive Bell’s palsy. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and internal auditory canal showed two microbleeds at the left cerebellopontine angle. Dedicated coronal T1 magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo and T2 sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution sequences revealed two acute microbleeds located at the attached AS and REZ of the left facial nerve. The patient experienced only partial recovery from House–Brackmann grade IV facial paralysis at presentation to a House–Brackmann grade III facial paralysis at 1 year of follow up. Conclusions To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of facial paralysis caused by microbleeds directly affecting the vulnerable AS and REZ facial nerve segments. We discuss the zonal microanatomy of the facial nerve and the crucial role of high resolution MRI for diagnosis.

Supratentorial Convexity Leptomeningeal Schwannoma: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1295-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Nakayama ◽  
Tetsuo Nakayama ◽  
Yoshimi Matsuoka ◽  
Kinuko Kono
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Subarachnoid Space ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Left Frontal Lobe ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Rare Location

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Leptomeningeal schwannomas are very rare; to our knowledge, only one case has been previously reported. The possible histogenesis and differential diagnosis of intracranial schwannomas not related to cranial nerves are discussed. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 53-year-old man presented with a sudden onset of seizures. Computed tomographic scans revealed a small hypodense mass in the peripheral aspect of the left frontal lobe. The mass was hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans, with ring enhancement after contrast medium administration. INTERVENTION A craniotomy was performed for total removal of the tumor, revealing a well-demarcated, firm, spherical tumor beneath the dura. The tumor was easily separated from the brain. Histologically, the tumor was observed to be within the subarachnoid space, intimately attached to the pia mater. The adjacent brain tissue and dura mater were free of tumor cells. The histological diagnosis was schwannoma. CONCLUSION Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings in our case were consistent with those for a schwannoma, although the subarachnoid space is an extremely rare location for schwannomas. We emphasize that schwannomas may arise in the subarachnoid space.

Sudden onset of sleep due to hypothalamic lesions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder positive for anti-aquaporin-4 antibody

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1407-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Okuma ◽  
K Matsumura ◽  
Y Hatanaka ◽  
F Saito ◽  
M Sonoo
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Aquaporin 4 Antibody

We report a patient with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders who presented with sudden onset of sleep as the sole manifestation. Magnetic resonance imaging investigation revealed lesions in the hypothalamus bilaterally, which vanished completely after methylprednisolone pulse therapy.

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