scholarly journals Occurrence of Intestinal Parasites in Fruits and Vegetables from Markets of Northwest Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Morales-Figueroa ◽  
M.A. Sánchez-Guerrero ◽  
M. Castro-García ◽  
J. Esparza-Romero ◽  
M.A. López-Mata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Northwest Mexico ◽  
Parasitic Pathogens ◽  
Open Air Markets

Background: Fruits and vegetables are potential vehicle of transmission of intestinal parasites. The main aim of this study was to determine prevalence of intestinal parasitic contamination in fruits and vegetables sampled from Caborca region, Northwest Mexico. Methods: A total of 400 fruit and vegetable samples were collected from unregulated open-air markets and closed (i.e., regulated) markets in Caborca region of Northwest Mexico; including melon, peach, asparagus, and grapes. Faust, Kinyoun, and Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) techniques were used to detect and identify the genus and species of all parasites found in the examined samples. Data were statistically analyzed using STATA/SE (version 12.0). Results: An overall prevalence (45%) of parasitic contamination was found in the 400 fruit and vegetable samples. Endolimax nana (27.5%) and Entamoeba coli (17.5%) were the most common nonpathogenic parasites, while the most prevalent parasitic pathogens were Cryptosporidium spp. (11.7%), Cyclospora spp., (11.0%), and Blastocystis hominis (9.2%). Asparagus (31%) and grapes (38.9%) had significantly (p<0.05) higher percent- ages of overall and multiple parasitic contamination than melon (10.6%) and peaches (19.4%). The fresh produce from the open-air markets had significantly (p<0.05) higher overall parasitic contamination (53.5%) than those of the closed establishments (36.5%). Conclusion: The parasitic contamination in the fresh produce sold in the Northwest region of Mexico is a serious public health concern.

scholarly journals Modification of AOAC Multiresidue Method for Determining Synthetic Pyrethroid Residues in Fruits, Vegetables, and Grains. Part III: Studies of Analyte Stability and Method Ruggedness

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Fang Pang ◽  
Yan-Zhong Cao ◽  
Chun-Lin Fan ◽  
Jin-Jie Zhang ◽  
Xue-Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Multiresidue Analysis ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Agriculture Products ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The stability of 8 synthetic pyrethroids in 9 crops during storage for 90 days were studied. The 8 pyrethroid insecticides were highly persistent in the 6 grains during storage. But their stabilities in 3 kinds of fruits and vegetables were different from those in the 6 grains: Most of them were degraded. Florisil purification conditions were studied with 6 batches of Florisil from 3 countries at various extents of deactivation and amounts. The best conditions of Florisil purification found in this present research agree with those found 1 year ago. The efficiencies of acetonitrile and acetone to extract the 8 pyrethroids from 6 fruit and vegetable samples were compared. The extraction efficiency of acetone was competitive with that of acetonitrile for the 6 fruit and vegetable samples. Method performance was evaluated by 6 analysts from different areas. The ruggedness tests demonstrate further that the proposed method is simple, accurate with good precision, and suitable for multiresidue analysis of pyrethroids in various agriculture products.

Co-operatives in chains: institutional restructuring in the Dutch fruit and vegetable industry

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos Bijman ◽  
en George Hendrikse
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Information ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Related Transaction

Co-operatives play a major role in the agricultural and food industry. Co-operatives, by their very nature, are producer-oriented firms. As market conditions for food products have changed in recent decades, the question has been raised of whether co-operatives are still efficient organisations for carrying out transactions with agrifood products? This article addresses this question for the fresh produce industry in the Netherlands. Traditionally, fruits and vegetables were sold through auctions organised by grower-owned co-operatives. In the 1990s several auction co-operatives merged, transformed into marketing co-operatives, and vertically integrated into wholesale. In addition, growers set up many new bargaining associations and marketing co-operatives. These new co-operatives have started crop and variety-specific marketing programmes. For reasons of asymmetric information and investment-related transaction costs several of the new co-operative firms have also included the wholesale function.

scholarly journals Disparities in the availability of fruits and vegetables between racially segregated urban neighbourhoods

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1481-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Morland ◽  
Susan Filomena
Keyword(s):  
Predominantly White ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Predominantly Black ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Urban Neighbourhoods ◽  
Fresh Vegetables

AbstractObjectivePublic health professionals continue to see the benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption on population health. While studies that evaluate the availability of produce are sparse in the medical literature, disparities in availability may explain the disproportional intake of produce for some people. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability and variety of produce located in two racially and economically diverse urban neighbourhoods.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted in which 50% of the supermarkets, small grocery stores, delicatessens, and fruit and vegetable markets located in specific neighbourhoods were randomly sampled and surveyed between September 2004 and July 2005. Food stores were evaluated for the availability of 20 types of fresh fruits and 19 types of fresh vegetables, as well as their varieties and whether they were canned, frozen or previously prepared. 2000 US Census information was used to determine characteristics of the geo-coded census tracts where the food stores were located.SettingBrooklyn, New York.ResultsA supermarket was located in approximately every third census tract in predominantly white areas (prevalence = 0.33) and every fourth census tract in racially mixed areas (prevalence = 0.27). There were no supermarkets located in the predominantly black areas. With the exception of bananas, potatoes, okra and yucca, a lower proportion of predominantly black area stores carried fresh produce, while supermarkets carried the largest variety of produce types. Canned and frozen fruits and vegetables were found in the majority of stores, whereas prepared and organic produce was limited to predominantly white area stores.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that the availability and variety of fresh produce is associated with neighbourhood racial composition and may be a factor contributing to differences in intake among residents.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Egyptian Fruits and Vegetables During 1996

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
Sohair A Gad Alla ◽  
Ashraf M El-Marsafy
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits

Abstract Samples of the most common fruits and vegetables were collected from 8 local markets in 6 governorates. These 1579 samples were analyzed for residues of 53 pesticides, which included organophosphorus and organonitrogen compounds and some synthetic pyrethroids. Samples were also analyzed for residues of organochlorine pesticides, although they had been prohibited from use several years ago. Only 510 of the 1579 samples were analyzed for dithiocarbamate pesticide residues, which were determined as CS2. Overall, 76.1% of the total analyzed samples had no detectable residues, 23.9% contained detectable residues, and 2.59% contained residues that exceeded maximum residue limits. For individual crops, contaminated samples ranged from 0 to 96% of the number of samples analyzed. However, the highest violative percentage for samples of individual crops was 12.5. Chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, dimethoate, bromopropylate, and profenofos were the violative pesticides determined in fruit and vegetable samples. The results of the current study demonstrated that no restricted or banned pesticides such as DDT, HCH, and their isomers were found in any of the samples analyzed. Dithiocarbamate residues were detected in 9.4% of the 510 samples analyzed, with a violative percentage of 0.39, representing one grape sample and one peach sample.

Complementation of GC-AED and ELISA for the Determination of Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos in Fruits and Vegetables

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODNEY J. BUSHWAY ◽  
ZHIHUA FAN
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticides ◽  
Atomic Emission Detection ◽  
Emission Detection

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to screen produce samples for diazinon and chlorpyrifos levels. All positive samples were analyzed for these organophosphate insecticides with a newly developed gas chromatographic atomic emission detection (GC-AED) method. Produce was extracted in methanol by Polytron homogenization and cleaned up and concentrated using Sep-Pak C18 cartridges. Fortification and reproducibility studies were performed using apples, blueberries, green beans, lettuce, and tomatoes that were free of detectable levels diazinon and chlorpyrifos. Percent coefficient of variation (%CV) from the reproducibility studies ranged from 1.9 to 17 for chlorpyrifos and 1.9 to 11 for diazinon. Spiking studies demonstrated percent recoveries of 78 to 114% (%CV 3.1 to 13%) for diazinon and 82 to 123 (%CV 1.5 to 12) for chlorpyrifos. Of the 278 fruit and vegetable samples screened for both organophosphate insecticides, 59 were found to have detectable levels of diazinon and 35 samples were found to contain detectable amounts of chlorpyrifos. A correlation study between ELISA and GC-AED demonstrated that the correlation coefficient was 0.987 for diazinon and 0.967 for chlorpyrifos.

scholarly journals Consumption of fruits and vegetables and probabilistic assessment of the cumulative acute exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides of schoolchildren in Slovenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urška Blaznik ◽  
Agneta Yngve ◽  
Ivan Eržen ◽  
Cirila Hlastan Ribič
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Carbamate Pesticides

AbstractObjectiveAdequate consumption of fruits and vegetables is a part of recommendations for a healthy diet. The aim of the present study was to assess acute cumulative dietary exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides via fruit and vegetable consumption by the population of schoolchildren aged 11–12 years and the level of risk for their health.DesignCumulative probabilistic risk assessment methodology with the index compound approach was applied.SettingSlovenia, primary schools.SubjectsSchoolchildren (n 1145) from thirty-one primary schools in Slovenia. Children were part of the PRO GREENS study 2009/10 which assessed 11-year-olds’ consumption of fruit and vegetables in ten European countries.ResultsThe cumulative acute exposure amounted to 8·3 (95 % CI 7·7, 10·6) % of the acute reference dose (ARfD) for acephate as index compound (100 µg/kg body weight per d) at the 99·9th percentile for daily intake and to 4·5 (95 % CI 3·5, 4·7) % of the ARfD at the 99·9th percentile for intakes during school time and at lunch. Apples, bananas, oranges and lettuce contributed most to the total acute pesticides intake.ConclusionsThe estimations showed that acute dietary exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides is not a health concern for schoolchildren with the assessed dietary patterns of fruit and vegetable consumption.

scholarly journals Impacts of Fuel Costs, Distance-To-Market, and Equipment Utilization on Relative Costs of Trailer-On-Flatcar and Truck Transportation for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables in the South

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Richard Beilock ◽  
Forrest Stegelin
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
The South ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
Equipment Utilization ◽  
Fuel Costs

Throughout the principal fresh fruit and vegetable (FFV) growing areas in southeastern and southwestern states, trucking is the dominant mode for transporting fresh produce to the northeast and upper Midwest. The dramatic shift to trucks in the last 30 years has virtually displaced the railroads from FFV transportation.

scholarly journals Monitoring Pesticide Residues in Egyptian Fruits and Vegetables in 1995

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 948-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa M Dogheim ◽  
Sohair A Gad Alla ◽  
Ashraf M El-Marsafy ◽  
Safaa M Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Codex Committee ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues

Abstract Organophosphorus, dithiocarbamates, and some synthetic pyrethroids pesticides, which are commonly used in Egypt for pest control, were monitored, as well as persistent organochlorines, which had been prohibited from use several years ago. Fruit and vegetable samples (397) were collected from 8 local markets and examined for 52 pesticides. Of all analyzed samples, 42.8% contained detectable residues, of which 1.76% exceeded their maximum residue limits (MRLs). The rates of contamination with the different pesticides were 0-86%. However, violation rates among contaminated products were very low, ranging from 0 to 4.6%. In general, organochlorine pesticide residues were not detected in most samples. Dithiocarbamate residues were found in 70.4% of 98 samples analyzed for dithiocarbamates, but only one grape sample had residues exceeding the MRL established by the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues.

scholarly journals Disparities in fruit and vegetable supply: a potential health concern in the greater Québec City area

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2051-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Pouliot ◽  
Anne-Marie Hamelin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Rural Settings

AbstractObjectiveThe present study explores the spatial distribution and in-store availability of fresh fruits and vegetables from a socio-environmental perspective in terms of the type of food store, level of deprivation and the setting (urban/rural) where the food outlets are located.DesignSeven types of fresh fruit and vegetable stores (FVS) were identified then visited in six districts (urban setting) and seven communities (rural setting). The quantity and diversity of fresh fruits and vegetables (F&V) were also assessed.SettingQuébec City, Canada.ResultsThe FVS spatial distribution showed differences between the two settings, with accessibility to supermarkets being more limited in rural settings. The quantity and diversity of fresh F&V in-store availability were associated with the type of FVS, but not with setting or its level of deprivation. Greengrocers and supermarkets offered a greater quantity and diversity of fresh F&V than the other FVS.ConclusionsThe results suggest that inequalities in physical access to fresh F&V across the region could have an impact on public health planning considering that supermarkets, which are one of the excellent sources of F&V, are less prevalent in rural settings.

Perspectives of using standards based on management systems for increasing the competitiveness of fruit and vegetable products in the republic of Uzbekistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Imomov Jamshidxon Odilovich
Keyword(s):  
Network Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Network Management System ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
The Republic

This article examines the role and importance of agriculture in the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan and demonstrates the need to improve the competitiveness of fruit and vegetable products in future economic reforms and the need for implementing a network management system. The SWOT method also shows the prospects and ways to increase the competitiveness of fruits and vegetables in the global agrarian and food markets.

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