The Effects of Estrogen and Progesterone Hormones on Active Hip Joint Position Sense in Healthy Women in Different Phases of a Menstrual Cycle

Introduction: The proprioceptive system is a sensory system based on an individual’s knowledge of his or her body. This knowledge is transmitted to the brain through inputs received from joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. As a result, these inputs inadvertently inform the brain of the state of the body’s muscles. Numerous factors can affect this system. This study aimed to investigate the effect of estrogen and progesterone hormones on understanding and recognizing the proprioceptive sense of hip joint in healthy women during the menstrual cycle. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 15 healthy women participated voluntarily. They had regular menstrual cycles without any history of disease and drug use. The concentration of estrogen and progesterone during a cycle in the follicular (4-6 days), ovulation, and luteal phases were evaluated to detect their effects on the sense of perception and cognition of the proprioceptive joint in the two movements of abduction and flexion by the target angle reconstruction method (30°). Results: The errors of active joint position sense were reduced in abduction and flexion during ovular and luteal phases compared to the follicular phase. However, in the flexion direction of hip movement, there was a significant difference in absolute error during hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle (P=0.000). Conclusion: The results showed that due to more involvement of motor control of hip muscles joint by motor neuron activity (increase release of estrogen hormone), all errors reduced in ovular and luteal phases compared to the follicular phase. The flexion movement is more disturbed, and due to more flexibility in this direction, absolute errors are significantly reduced. This reduction of errors in ovular and luteal phases compared to the regular stage of hormone release (follicular phase) may cause some rigidity in the hip joint and an increase of trauma in external mechanical forces. This study’s findings showed that the lowest proprioception sensation is in the follicular phase. Decreasing the concentration of sex hormones in this phase is likely to reduce the sense of recognition of the joint, thus increasing the likelihood of injury in this phase. Findings from this study showed that the lowest proprioceptic sensation is in the follicular phase. The results of this study showed that the least sense is Prvpryvsptyk in Fazfvlykvlar.

Download Full-text

Effect of Load, Angle, and Contraction Type on Clinically Assessed Knee Joint Position Sense

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2020-0552 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Adam L. Haggerty ◽

Janet E. Simon ◽

Dustin R. Grooms ◽

Jeffrey A. Russell

Keyword(s):

Body Position ◽

Eccentric Contraction ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Active Joint ◽

Concentric Contraction ◽

Target Angle ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Contraction Type

Context: Proprioception is an individual’s awareness of body position in 3-dimensional space. How proprioceptive acuity changes under varying conditions such as joint position, load, and concentric or eccentric contraction type is not well understood. In addition, a limitation of the variety of techniques to assess proprioception is the lack of clinically feasible methods to capture proprioceptive acuity. The purpose of this study was to implement a readily available instrument, a smartphone, in the clinical evaluation of knee active joint position sense and to determine how joint angle, joint loading, and quadriceps contraction type affect an individual’s active joint position sense. Design: Cross-over study. Methods: Twenty healthy, physically active university participants (10 women and 10 men: 21.4 [2.0] y; 1.73 [0.1] m; 70.9 [14.3] kg) were recruited. Individuals were included if they had no neurological disorder, no prior knee surgery, and no recent knee injury. The participants were given a verbal instruction to locate a target angle and then were tasked with reproducing the target angle without visual or verbal cues. An accelerometer application on a smartphone was used to assess the angle to the nearest tenth of a degree. Three variables, each with 2 levels, were analyzed in this study: load (weighted and unweighted), contraction type (eccentric and concentric), and joint position (20° and 70°). A repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to assess the within-subjects factors of load, contraction, and position. Results: A significant difference of 0.50° (0.19°) of greater error with eccentric versus concentric contraction (P = .02) type was identified. In addition, a significant interaction was found for contraction × position, with a mean increase in error of 0.98° (0.33°) at the 20° position when contracting eccentrically (P = .03). Conclusions: Contraction type, specifically eccentric contraction at 20°, showed significantly greater error than concentric contraction. This suggests that, during eccentric contractions of the quadriceps, there may be decreased proprioceptive sensitivity compared with concentric contractions.

Download Full-text

The Efficacy of Modern Technology to Improve Healthy and Injured Shoulder Joint Position Sense

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.8.1.10 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 10-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Semyon M. Slobounov ◽

Shannon T. Poole ◽

Robert F. Simon ◽

Elena S. Slobounov ◽

Jill A. Bush ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Joint ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Modern Technology ◽

Shoulder Abduction ◽

Joint Position ◽

Reproduction Task ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Visualization Techniques

Assessment and enhancement of joint position sense is an inexact science at best. Anew method of evaluating and improving this sense using motion-tracking technology that incorporates computer visualization graphics was examined. Injured and healthy subjects were evaluated for their abilities to determine shoulder joint position, after abduction, in two tasks. The first was active reproduction of a passively placed angle. The second was visual reproduction of such an angle. A training protocol was added to determine the effectiveness of proprioceptive training in conjunction with 3-D visualization techniques. The primary findings were (a) a significant difference (p= .05) in the level of joint position sense in injured vs. healthy subjects; (b) significantly less accurate reproduction of larger shoulder abduction vs. the smaller movement in the active reproduction task; (c) significantly greater ability to accurately reproduce angles actively vs. visually; and (d) that proprioception training using 3-D visualization techniques significantly increased activeandvisual reproductions of passively placed angles.

Download Full-text

Is There a Difference in Hip Joint Position Sense Between Young and Older Groups?

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/58.7.m631 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. M631-M635 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

C. M. Pickard ◽

P. E. Sullivan ◽

G. T. Allison ◽

K. P. Singer

Keyword(s):

Hip Joint ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position

Download Full-text

Criterion-Related Validity of Knee Joint-Position-Sense Measurement Using Image Capture and Isokinetic Dynamometry

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2013-0119 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nicola Relph ◽

Lee Herrington

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Knee Flexion ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Image Capture ◽

Significant Difference

Context: Clinicians require portable, valid, and cost-effective methods to monitor knee joint-position-sense (JPS) ability. Objective: To examine the criterion-related validity of image-capture JPS measures against an isokinetic-dynamometer (IKD) procedure. Design: Random crossover design providing a comparison of knee JPS measures from image capture and IKD procedures. Participants: 10 healthy participants, 5 female, age 28.0 ± 13.29 y, mass 60.3 ± 9.02 kg, height 1.65 ± 0.07 m, and 5 male, 29.6 ± 10.74 y, mass 73.6 ± 5.86 kg, height 1.75 ± 0.07 m. Main Outcome Measures: The dependent variables were absolute error scores (AES) provided by 2 knee directions (flexion and extension). The independent variables were the method (image capture and IKD). Results: There was no significant difference between clinical and IKD AED into knee-extension data (P = .263, r = 0.55). There was a significant difference between clinical and IKD AES into knee-flexion data (P = .016, r =.70). Conclusions: Analysis of photographic images to assess JPS measurements using knee flexion is valid against IKD techniques. However, photo-analysis measurements provided a lower error score using knee-extension data and thus may provide an optimal environment to produce maximal knee JPS acuity. Therefore, clinicians do not need expensive equipment to collect representative JPS ability.

Download Full-text

Changes in Ankle Function of University Female Volleyball Players during the Menstrual Cycle: Muscle Strength, Joint Position Sense and Flexibility

Rigakuryoho Kagaku ◽

10.1589/rika.32.503 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 503-507

Author(s):

Akina HIGUCHI ◽

Miku HONMA ◽

Miyu YAMAMOTO ◽

Yasuo TANAKA ◽

Rena HAMANO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Ankle Function

Download Full-text

A Clinical Shoulder Proprioception Test Shows Good Reliability, and Decreased Shoulder Joint Position Sense Due to Local Fatigue in Handballers: A Repeated Measures Design

10.21203/rs.3.rs-459791/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Sutton ◽

Marie Ohlsson ◽

Ulrik Röijezon

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Joint ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Repeated Measures Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Specialized Equipment

Abstract Background: Assessment of shoulder proprioception outside the laboratory in the absence of specialized equipment remains a challenge with field-based tests often lacking good reliability, validity and feasibility. This study aimed to enhance the knowledge base surrounding the assessment of shoulder proprioception and investigated the effect of fatigue on shoulder joint position sense (JPS) amongst amateur male handball players.Method: 27 healthy recreationally active participants and 13 amateur male handball players undertook two sessions of active JPS tests using laser pen technology and a calibrated 2-dimensional target to assess test-retest reliability. The active JPS test was then utilized on the subgroup of handball players who were subjected to five bouts of a repeated throwing task in order to investigate the effect of local fatigue on shoulder JPS. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient for the active JPS test was 0.78 (95% CI = [0.57; 0.89]). Standard error of measurement between trials was 0.70° (range 0.57°-0.90°). For the throwing task, repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction for arm x bout (F5=2.74, p=0.028) and a significant effect for arm (F1=5.85, p=0.034). Post hoc analysis showed a significant difference between throwing arm and non-throwing arm after throwing bout one (p=0.036), three (p=0.026) and four (p=0.041). Conclusion: Assessment of the active JPS test showed acceptable reliability and measurement error. Repeated throwing to fatigue decreased shoulder JPS in amateur male handball players which indicate validity of the test to identify reduced proprioception.

Download Full-text

Influence of Menstrual Cycle Phases on Neural Excitability in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex and Ankle Joint Position Sense

Women's Health Reports ◽

10.1089/whr.2020.0061 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 167-178

Author(s):

Koyuki Ikarashi ◽

Kaho Iguchi ◽

Yudai Yamazaki ◽

Koya Yamashiro ◽

Yasuhiro Baba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Somatosensory Cortex ◽

Ankle Joint ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Primary Somatosensory Cortex ◽

Joint Position ◽

Neural Excitability

Download Full-text

Effects of Extensive Training on Female Teenage Gymnasts’ Active and Passive Ankle-Joint Position Sense

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.11.1.1 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Taner Aydin ◽

Yavuz Yildiz ◽

Cemil Yildiz ◽

Tunç Alp Kalyon

Keyword(s):

Ankle Joint ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Mean Values ◽

Extensive Training ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

Female Gymnasts

Objective:To compare the ankle-joint position-sense patterns of gymnasts and nongymnasts.Design:Proprioceptive ability was evaluated with active and passive angle-reproduction tests.Participants:40 subjects assigned to 2 groups: group 1 (n = 20), healthy subjects, and group 2 (n = 20), teenage female gymnasts.Measurements:Joint-position sense was actively measured with a Cybex NORM™ isokinetic dynamometer and passively with a proprioception-testing device.Results:A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean values of the gymnasts’ and controls’ ankles. Results revealed statistically significant differences (P < .05) between the 2 groups. No statistically significant difference between the dominant and nondominant ankles in the 2 groups was observed.Conclusions:The results suggest that extensive training might affect ankle-joint position sense, but genetics and natural selection could be the reason. It is thought that athletes are able to develop enhanced neurosensory pathways as a result of long-term training.

Download Full-text

Surgical Reconstruction with the Remnant Ligament Improves Joint Position Sense as well as Functional Ankle Instability: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/523902 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kamizato Iwao ◽

Deie Masataka ◽

Fukuhara Kohei

Keyword(s):

Ankle Instability ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Surgical Reconstruction ◽

Functional Improvement ◽

Control Group ◽

Joint Position ◽

Functional Ankle Instability ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction. Chronic functional instability—characterized by repeated ankle inversion sprains and a subjective sensation of instability—is one of the most common residual disabilities after an inversion sprain. However, whether surgical reconstruction improves sensorimotor control has not been reported to date. The purpose of this study was to assess functional improvement of chronic ankle instability after surgical reconstruction using the remnant ligament.Materials and Methods. We performed 10 cases in the intervention group and 20 healthy individuals as the control group. Before and after surgical reconstruction, we evaluated joint position sense and functional ankle instability by means of a questionnaire.Results and Discussion. There was a statistically significant difference between the control and intervention groups before surgical reconstruction. Three months after surgery in the intervention group, the joint position sense was significantly different from those found preoperatively. Before surgery, the mean score of functional ankle instability in the intervention group was almost twice as low. Three months after surgery, however, the score significantly increased. The results showed that surgical reconstruction using the remnant ligament was effective not only for improving mechanical retensioning but also for ameliorating joint position sense and functional ankle instability.

Download Full-text