scholarly journals Application Of Trend Analysis Method For Emergency Planningin Npp Accident

KnE Energy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pande M.U.
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Emergency Planning ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Emergency Actions ◽  
Time Required

<p>A decision for emergency response should be taken based on existing nuclear preparedness assessment. However, lessons learned from the Fukushima accident revealed that emergency response personals had difficulties in estimating time duration needed for the emergency actions. For that case, it is needed an alternative way to determine the time required for a response to be implemented. The objective of this paper is to applicate the trend analysis method for an emergency planning in NPP accident, especially to estimate time duration of countermeasures such as sheltering, evacuation, and relocation. Estimation was done based on consequences and dose data of PWR-1000 MWe severe accident which was simulated for West Bangka site. Dose and consequence estimations were calculated using Pc-cosyma software, and trend analysis application was performed using statistical software. The result of simulation are:  iodine tablets are to be distributed to residents in the area within radius of 20-30 km; sheltering countermeasure is needed within the radius of 20-30 km for 12 weeks; evacuation is subjected for the area of 20 km from reactor for duration of 12 weeks; relocation is subjected to radius of 10 km for 2.5 years. The trend analysis can be used for supporting the decision making, especially for emergency planning. The advantage of this method is that it can provide quicker result than past methods. Besides, uncertainties can be reduced by using accurate input data and selection of suitable computation model.</p>

Study on Description of Plant Status at Fukushima Accident by Emergency Action Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazufumi Nagashima ◽  
Nakahiro Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Reporting Scheme ◽  
Accident Management ◽  
Precautionary Action ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Potential Improvement

Abstract This paper aims at verifying the current Japanese Emergency Response Guideline, especially the “notification” (reporting) scheme of emergency action level (EAL), through the analysis of the progress of Fukushima nuclear accident. We compared timing and emergency classification between two datasets of the plant statuses which expressed by the old prediction-based notification and the latest EAL-based notification, in order to assess the current EAL scheme along the effectiveness of protective action for the local residents. We observed that the plant statuses expressed by the current EAL-based notification gave more engineering insights in the earliest accident phase to identify the accident scenario. However, potential improvement area of the guideline was also observed in the following severe accident management (SAM) phase after the trigger of first precautionary action, where we are required to reduce uncertainties in both processes of the operator's notification and the government's decision making by evaluating the progression speed of the severe accident.

Study on Description of Plant Status at Fukushima Accident by Emergency Action Level

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazufumi Nagashima ◽  
Nakahiro Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Accident Management ◽  
Precautionary Action ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Potential Improvement

This paper aims at verifying the current Japanese Emergency Response Guideline, especially the notification scheme of Emergency Action Level (EAL), through the analysis of the progress of Fukushima nuclear accident. We compared timing and emergency classification between two data sets of the plant statuses which expressed by the old prediction-based notification and the latest EAL-based notification, in order to assess the current EAL scheme along the effectiveness of protective action for the local residents. We observed that the plant statuses expressed by the current EAL-based notification gave more engineering insights in the earliest accident phase. We also identified a potential improvement area of the guideline in the following severe accident management (SAM) phase after the trigger of first precautionary action, where we are required to reduce uncertainties in both processes of the operator’s notification and the government’s decision-making, in order to compensate for the abstention of utilizing predictive information.

A Functional Needs Approach to Emergency Planning

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Zod ◽  
Robin Fick-Osborne ◽  
Eleanor B. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Emergency Planning ◽  
Verbal Cues ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
Emergency Actions ◽  
New Guidelines

AbstractObjectiveThis study was conducted to test the ability of the St Louis County Department of Health to efficiently dispense medication to individuals with functional needs during a public health emergency and develop new guidelines for future emergency planning. Historically, people with functional needs have been vulnerable in emergency situations, and emergency planners are responsible for creating equal access for mass prophylaxis events.MethodsMeasures to create access for individuals with functional needs were tested in a countywide exercise in which 40 volunteers with functional needs walked through an open point of dispensing location to collect medication as if it were a real emergency. Actions were informed by representatives from the functional needs community in the St Louis area.ResultsDuring the exercise, medications were successfully dispensed to all participants. Many participants offered feedback for future program design.ConclusionsOutcomes indicated the importance of working closely with the community organizations that serve people with functional needs in designing appropriate response measures, providing sensitivity training to staff members, employing useful technology, and using visual and verbal cues. The lessons learned from this exercise apply to emergency planning nationwide, as planning efforts for persons with functional needs still lag significantly.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;0:1–9)

scholarly journals Revisiting the Convention on Nuclear Safety: Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Accident

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra ČAVOŠKI
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Nuclear Safety ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Nuclear Damage

The Fukushima nuclear accident raised questions about the implementation of the Convention on Nuclear Safety by the Japanese government and identified the need to reassess the obligation of each contracting party deriving from the Convention and IAEA safety standards. The author analyzes several major deficiencies such as the lack of independence and effectiveness of the regulatory body, the failure to evaluate all relevant site- and design-related factors, and design and construction of the installation, as well as the emergency response, in order to determine the failure of the Japanese government to comply with the Convention and exercise the obligation of due diligence. As a result, the author demonstrates the fulfilment of two elements of state responsibility for nuclear damage. The author also establishes the ineffectiveness of the Convention's preventive monitoring mechanisms and recommends the introduction of a stronger monitoring regime and highlights the need to amend the Convention safety rules.

Method for Prognosis of LBLOCA Initiated Emergency Condition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Ning ◽  
Wang Renze ◽  
Yang Yapeng ◽  
Feng Zongyang ◽  
Jia Linsheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Reactor Accident ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Conservation Equations ◽  
Emergency Condition ◽  
Loss Of Coolant

Abstract Fukushima accident shows again that the probability of reactor accident exists even though it is extremely small. In case of emergency in nuclear power plant, emergency condition of the reactor plays an important role in decision making. During emergency response, especially early stage of severe accident with large release of radioactive nuclides, decision making for protection actions should be based on emergency condition in NPPs. If emergency condition could be prognosed, more time could be bought for decision making and emergency response. In this paper, method for prognosis of large break loss of coolant (LBLOCA) initiated severe accident progression was established based on transient analysis for M310 reactor. Mass and energy conservation equations are the basis of the method. Separated flow model is used for prognosis of emergency condition for large break loss of coolant accident initiated severe accident. These conservation equations are solved approximately in order to significantly increase calculation speed. The active core is divided into 4 radial rings and 10 axial levels, which means there are 40 cells. Heat transfer calculation in the core is done using four experimental correlations. Based on the method established in this paper, a code using for prognosis of LBLOCA initiated severe accident emergency condition was developed. Research on method for prognosis of other severe accidents are being conducted.

Investigating a Virtual Reality-based Emergency Response Scenario and Intelligent User Interface for First Responders

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 2114-2118
Author(s):  
Randall Spain ◽  
Jason Saville ◽  
Barry Lui ◽  
Donia Slack ◽  
Edward Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intelligent User Interfaces ◽  
Intelligent User Interface

Because advances in broadband capabilities will soon allow first responders to access and use many forms of data when responding to emergencies, it is becoming critically important to design heads-up displays to present first responders with information in a manner that does not induce extraneous mental workload or cause undue interaction errors. Virtual reality offers a unique medium for envisioning and testing user interface concepts in a realistic and controlled environment. In this paper, we describe a virtual reality-based emergency response scenario that was designed to support user experience research for evaluating the efficacy of intelligent user interfaces for firefighters. We describe the results of a usability test that captured firefighters’ feedback and reactions to the VR scenario and the prototype intelligent user interface that presented them with task critical information through the VR headset. The paper concludes with lessons learned from our development process and a discussion of plans for future research.

scholarly journals COVID-19 emergencies around the globe: China’s experience in controlling COVID-19 and lessons learned

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Jin ◽  
Ligong Lu ◽  
Junwei Liu ◽  
Min Cui
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Abstract Motivation Nations around the world have been significantly impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. China’s strategies for controlling COVID-19 offer valuable lessons for the global community. By learning from China’s experience and lessons, other countries could also find appropriate methods to control the pandemic. Problem statement What measures has China taken to control the pandemic? What lessons has China learned through this pandemic? Approach/methods The literature on China’s lessons and experience in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic was searched and reviewed. Related newspapers and magazines were also searched. Results China’s experience can be summed up as establishing temporary hospitals, strict isolation, experts with a knowledge of COVID-19, and measures that increase social distancing. Conclusions By learning from the experience of China, other countries in the world could eventually find the methods to control the COVID-19 pandemic. An emergency response system should be established in each country. Doctors and nurses are not alone in fighting COVID-19, and the entire world is helping them. With cooperation, current difficulties could be overcome.

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