scholarly journals AORTIC ELASTICITY AND ENDOTHELIUM MOTOVASCULAR FUNCTION IN PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-247
Author(s):  
E. S. Mazur ◽  
D. V. Kileinikov ◽  
D. G. Semenychev ◽  
V. V. Mazur ◽  
T. Yu. Timeshova
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Aortic Elasticity ◽  
Compliance Coefficient ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Concomitant Hypertension

Objective.To compare aortic elasticity and vasomotor endothelial function in hypertensive and normotensive patients with decompensated primary hypothyroidism (PHT) and after medical compensation. Design and methods. 41 women with PHT were examined, 23 (56 %) subjects had concomitant hypertension. Elasticity of aorta was evaluated by compliance coefficient (CC) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), state of vasomotor endothelial function — by vasodilatation coefficient (VDC). Patients were examined twice: during decompensation and after medical compensation.Results. Mean values of CC in patients with decompensated PHT were 2,27 (95 % confidence interval 1,53–3,01) and 2,23 (1,78–2,67) mm2/mm Hg in hypertensives and normotensive, respectively, PWV — 12,2 (10,4–13,9) and 12,9 (11,8–14,0) m/s, VDC — 4,51 (2,91–6,11) and 3,72 (2,06–5,37) CU, respectively (all p > 0,05). Compensation of PHT led to the CC increase up to 4,69 (4,13–5,24) and 4,66 (3,96–5,36) mm2/mm Hg, PWV patients till 8,85 (6,77–10,9) and 7,40 (6,68–8,11) m/s, VDC increase up to 10,7 (9,27–12,2) and 8,94 (7,81–10,1) CU (all p < 0,05).Conclusion. Compensation of PHT is accompanied by improvement of aortic elasticity and vasomotor endothelial function. There are no differences in aortic elasticity and vasomotor endothelial function in hypertensive and normotensive patients during decompensation and after euthyroid state achievement. 

scholarly journals Effect of Increased Nitric Oxide Bioavailability on Endothelial Function and Pulse Wave Velocity

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
Evan J. Bockover ◽  
Sierra Crowe ◽  
Brycen J. Ratcliffe ◽  
Caleb D. Harrison ◽  
Alberto Friedmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Nitric Oxide Bioavailability

A Bayesian meta-analysis on early tobacco exposure and vascular health: From childhood to early adulthood

2019 ◽  
pp. 204748731988355
Author(s):  
Georgios Georgiopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios Oikonomou ◽  
Konstantinos Pateras ◽  
Stefano Masi ◽  
Nikolaos Magkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Arterial Damage

Background Smoking has been consistently associated with increased cardiovascular risk in adults. Although exposure to tobacco products often starts in early life, evidence for the possible adverse effects on the cardiovascular system of the young is scarce. We sought to derive pooled estimates of smoking effects on indices of early vascular damage in children and adolescents. Design and methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies involving young individuals up to 21 years old that provided data on smoking exposure (active or passive) and flow-mediated dilatation, carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity and maximum carotid intima-media thickness. We employed three distinct methodologies of random-effects data synthesis, including the Sidik-Jonkman estimator, the Hartung and Knapp correction and a Bayesian method with a well-informed prior on the level of between-study variance. Results In 12 studies and 5279 individuals in total, smoking exposure was related to deterioration in all three outcomes (mean adjusted flow-mediated dilatation decrease: −0.77%, 95% confidence interval −1.38–−0.15, mean adjusted pulse wave velocity increase: 0.1 m/s, 95% confidence interval 0.02–0.17 and mean adjusted carotid intima-media thickness increase: 0.35 mm, 95% confidence interval 0.16–0.55, for the Sidik-Jonkman estimator). No difference was established between active and passive smoking on associations with arterial damage. Conclusions Exposure to tobacco products is associated with subclinical vascular damage early in life, even from childhood. Public health initiatives should target these very young age groups to prevent early smoking exposure and associated arterial damage and its sequelae.

scholarly journals Normal Pregnancy Is Associated with Changes in Central Hemodynamics and Enhanced Recruitable, but Not Resting, Endothelial Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Torrado ◽  
Yanina Zócalo ◽  
Ignacio Farro ◽  
Federico Farro ◽  
Claudio Sosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Central Hemodynamics

Introduction.Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), low flow-mediated constriction (L-FMC), and reactive hyperemia-related changes in carotid-to-radial pulse wave velocity (ΔPWVcr%) could offer complementary information about both “recruitability” and “resting” endothelial function (EF). Carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWVcf) and pulse wave analysis-derived parameters (i.e., AIx@75) are the gold standard methods for noninvasive evaluation of aortic stiffness and central hemodynamics. If healthy pregnancy is associated with both changes in resting and recruitable EF, as well as in several arterial parameters, it remains unknown and/or controversial.Objectives.To simultaneously and noninvasively assess in healthy pregnant (HP) and nonpregnant (NP) women central parameters in conjunction with “basal and recruitable” EF, employing new complementary approaches.Methods.HP (n=11, 34.2 ± 3.3 weeks of gestation) and age- and cardiovascular risk factors-matched NP (n=22) were included. Aortic blood pressure (BP), AIx@75, PWVcf, common carotid stiffness, and intima-media thickness, as well as FMD, L-FMC, and ΔPWVcr %, were measured.Results.Aortic BP, stiffness, and AIx@75 were reduced in HP. ΔPWVcr% and FMD were enhanced in HP in comparison to NP. No differences were found in L-FMC between groups.Conclusion.HP is associated with reduced aortic stiffness, central BP, wave reflections, and enhanced recruitable, but not resting, EF.

scholarly journals Cocoa flavanol intake improves endothelial function and Framingham Risk Score in healthy men and women: a randomised, controlled, double-masked trial: the Flaviola Health Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1246-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Sansone ◽  
Ana Rodriguez-Mateos ◽  
Jan Heuel ◽  
David Falk ◽  
Dominik Schuler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractCocoa flavanol (CF) intake improves endothelial function in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and disease. We investigated the effects of CF on surrogate markers of cardiovascular health in low risk, healthy, middle-aged individuals without history, signs or symptoms of CVD. In a 1-month, open-label, one-armed pilot study, bi-daily ingestion of 450 mg of CF led to a time-dependent increase in endothelial function (measured as flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD)) that plateaued after 2 weeks. Subsequently, in a randomised, controlled, double-masked, parallel-group dietary intervention trial (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01799005), 100 healthy, middle-aged (35–60 years) men and women consumed either the CF-containing drink (450 mg) or a nutrient-matched CF-free control bi-daily for 1 month. The primary end point was FMD. Secondary end points included plasma lipids and blood pressure, thus enabling the calculation of Framingham Risk Scores and pulse wave velocity. At 1 month, CF increased FMD over control by 1·2 % (95 % CI 1·0, 1·4 %). CF decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 4·4 mmHg (95 % CI 7·9, 0·9 mmHg) and 3·9 mmHg (95 % CI 6·7, 0·9 mmHg), pulse wave velocity by 0·4 m/s (95 % CI 0·8, 0·04 m/s), total cholesterol by 0·20 mmol/l (95 % CI 0·39, 0·01 mmol/l) and LDL-cholesterol by 0·17 mmol/l (95 % CI 0·32, 0·02 mmol/l), whereas HDL-cholesterol increased by 0·10 mmol/l (95 % CI 0·04, 0·17 mmol/l). By applying the Framingham Risk Score, CF predicted a significant lowering of 10-year risk for CHD, myocardial infarction, CVD, death from CHD and CVD. In healthy individuals, regular CF intake improved accredited cardiovascular surrogates of cardiovascular risk, demonstrating that dietary flavanols have the potential to maintain cardiovascular health even in low-risk subjects.

scholarly journals Flow-mediated changes in pulse wave velocity: a new clinical measure of endothelial function

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina K. Naka ◽  
Ann C. Tweddel ◽  
Sagar N. Doshi ◽  
Jonathan Goodfellow ◽  
Andrew H. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Clinical Measure

scholarly journals Insulin Enhances Endothelial Function Throughout the Arterial Tree in Healthy But Not Metabolic Syndrome Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 1198-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda A. Jahn ◽  
Lee Hartline ◽  
Nagashree Rao ◽  
Brent Logan ◽  
Justin J. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Conduit Artery ◽  
Insulin Clamp

Abstract Context: Insulin reportedly impairs endothelial function in conduit arteries but improves it in resistance and microvascular arterioles in healthy humans. No studies have assessed endothelial function at three arterial levels in healthy or metabolic syndrome (METSYN) subjects. Objective: The objective of the study was to compare endothelial responsiveness of conduit arteries, resistance, and microvascular arterioles to insulin in healthy and METSYN subjects. Design: We assessed conduit, resistance, and microvascular arterial function in the postabsorptive and postprandial states and during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (insulin clamp). Setting: The study was conducted at a clinical research unit. Participants: Age-matched healthy and METSYN subjects participated in the study. Interventions: We used brachial flow-mediated dilation, forearm postischemic flow velocity, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound to assess the conduit artery, resistance arteriole, and microvascular arteriolar endothelial function, respectively. We also assessed the conduit artery stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) and measured the plasma concentrations of 92 cardiovascular disease biomarkers at baseline and after the clamp. Results: Postabsorptive and postprandial endothelial function was similar in controls and METSYN in all tested vessels. METSYN subjects were metabolically insulin resistant (P &lt; .005). In controls, but not METSYN subjects, during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, endothelial function improved at each level of arterial vasculature (P &lt; .05 or less for each). Conduit vessel stiffness (pulse wave velocity) was increased in the METSYN group. Twelve of 92 biomarkers differed at baseline (P &lt; .001) and remained different at the end of the insulin clamp. Conclusions: We conclude that insulin enhances arterial endothelial function in health but not in METSYN, and this vascular insulin resistance may underlie its increased cardiovascular disease risk.

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