scholarly journals The Man with a Dream and a Plan: Xi Jinping, the “Chinese Dream” and the Belt and Road Initiative

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsela Musabelliu
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Chinese Dream ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Chinese Dream ◽  
The Belt And Road

scholarly journals The ‘Chinese Dream’ and the ‘Belt and Road Initiative’: narratives, practices, and sub-state actors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan M H Loh
Keyword(s):  
Policy Impact ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Chinese Dream ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Chinese Dream ◽  
Narrative Practice ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

Abstract The ‘Chinese Dream’ (CD) and the ‘Belt Road Initiative’ (BRI) are signature programs of President Xi Jinping. Much of the scholarships on these two projects have concerned itself with either domestic propagandistic effects or external foreign policy impact. These concerns have underpinned the literature’s focus on material expressions of such projects, be it through infrastructural construction in the case of the BRI or propaganda tools in the example of the CD. Yet, an important but understudied element of these two projects is the narratives that they tell and the impact of these narratives. In that regard, this article complements existing studies of the CD and the BRI by reading the projects as grand narratives. Drawing on international practice theory, I trace an explicit link between narratives and practices to demonstrate how narratives activate, anchor, produces and contest political practices of some sub-state actors in China. That is to say narratives: (i) serve as signposts for sub-state actors’ orientations in clarifying what are relevant/irrelevant and appropriate/inappropriate practices; (ii) provide ‘background’ stock of information where actors draw on to legitimize their practices when they speak of the BRI and CD; and (iii) create conditions for both the creation of new practices and contestation of existing ones. I then argue that four narrative-practice processes are seen in the Chinese example: contestation, sustenance, activation, and production.

Understanding the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-Y. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Chinese Dream ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Chinese Dream ◽  
The Belt And Road

AbstractThis article re-examines China’s proposed Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) taking into account historical and philosophical narratives. It assumes that the BRI has crucial strategic implications; in particular, that it is not as altruistic as claimed but rather a self-interested proposal aiming to restore China’s grandeur and influence. The Chinese Dream (中國夢) and the concept of Tianxia (天下), ‘all under heaven’) are discussed to illustrate how the initiative is ‘marketed’. It ends with an interpretation of the impacts that the BRI might have on other parts of the world.

Demystifying the Belt and Road Initiative: China’s domestic and non-strategic policy?

2021 ◽  
pp. 205789112110388
Author(s):  
Yuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Global Strategy ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Belt And Road

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a central policy of the Chinese government. The initiative is directly associated with President Xi Jinping, who first put forward the BRI in Kazakhstan and Indonesia in 2013, initially as One Belt One Road. Different from repetitive literature that concludes the BRI as China's global strategy, this article makes a contribution to argue that the BRI is China's domestic and non-strategic policy. To justify this argument, this article analyses how the BRI has been embedded into aspects of Chinese domestic policy by revealing its nexuses with Chinese domestic economy, politics and ideology. To deepen the understanding of the BRI's connection with the Chinese economy, this article explores the link between the BRI and China's supply-side structural reform. Meanwhile, this research demystifies the BRI as a global strategy and the difference between joining and rejecting the BRI to prove the BRI's non-strategic essence. In the end, this article discusses the BRI's far-reaching geopolitical influence.

Representation of the “Belt and Road Initiative” in Turkish mainstream newspapers

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-304
Author(s):  
Gökçe Özsu ◽  
Ferruh Mutlu Binark
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Full Membership ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Turkish Foreign Policy ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
General Secretary ◽  
The Belt And Road

Turkey and China are the countries that established their relations in the shadow of their ideological affiliation. Turkey constructed its multi-partied democratic regime as an implementation of Western-based democracy. However, this has not granted EU full-membership to the country, and Turkey has initiated alternative allies since mid 2000s. This shift of axis has turned into more enthusiasm after the failed coup d’état of 15 July 2016. The purpose of this study is to reveal how Turkish mainstream newspapers represent the Chinese alternative globalization project, “The Belt and Road Initiative” which was introduced in 2013 by General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, Xi Jinping. In order to frame the background information, we will first introduce the aims of the Belt and Road Initiative, and then summarize Turkey’s relation to China from two aspects: political and economic concerns. Following the overview of Turko-Sino relationship, we will focus on the Justice and Development Party’s foreign policy to grasp its pragmatic concern in relation to the Belt and Road Initiative. Based on the contextualization of Turko-Sino relations, we will conduct thematic content analysis of the news on the Belt and Road Initiative from May to July 2017 in mainstream Turkish newspapers. Our analysis brings into question how Turkish press relocates the Belt and Road Initiative with respect to Turkey’s political and economic concerns about China’s alternative globalism, Turkish foreign policy seeking for new allies as alternatives for the Western counterparts, and thus we will examine President Erdoğan’s influence on Turkish foreign policy. Based on our findings, we will discuss the reasons for insufficient coverage of the Belt and Road Initiative in Turkish mainstream newspapers.

scholarly journals Chile along the road. Changes and continuities of the Chilean development model in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Javiera Francisca Flores Urbina
Keyword(s):  
Development Model ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Complex Project ◽  
The Belt And Road

In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced the development of a massive project of global connectivity infrastructure, known nowadays as the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路). Although it was originally presented as a trade project focused on Europe and Asia, through the years the Belt and Road Initiative has been unravelled as a much more complex project. Lately, it has been extended to more territories, one of them being Latin America and the Caribbean region. Chile has already signed cooperation agreements regarding the Initiative, and cooperation in trade and connectivity between Chile and China is already taking place. This article will discuss the changes and continuities that the cooperation between Chile and China, under the scope of the Initiative, provides for the sustainable development challenges Chile faces. The article concludes that the cooperation dimensions between both countries represent elements of both changes and continuities for the model of development of Chile.

scholarly journals ГРУЗИЯ КАК ТРАНСПОРТНЫЙ УЗЕЛ КИТАЙСКОЙ ИНИЦИАТИВЫ «ПОЯС И ПУТЬ»

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Корганашвили Л.
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

The belt and road initiative (BRI) put forward by the President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping in autumn 2013 is one of the priorities of it’s modern foreign policy. Within the framework of BRI China has concluded agreements on practical cooperation with many countries, including Georgia. For Georgia, BRI is an opportunity to become a land and sea transport hub between Europe and Asia. The overland route combines the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railroad with the Yavuz Sultan Selim bridge across the Bosporus Strait. The sea route serves as an gate to Europe through the ports in Batumi, Poti and Anaklia. The work shows the importance of BRI for the formation of Georgia as a transport hub and the benefits that both countries derive from cooperation under this initiative.

scholarly journals RUSSIA – CHINA STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP IN THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION: SYNERGIZING GREATER EURASIA WITH BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE, 2016-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Containment Policy ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
The Belt And Road

Since 2017 to 2018, the world has been living through a period of progressive erosion, or collapse, of international orders have inherited from the Cold-War. Through the election of Donald Trump in 2016 and the rapid increase of U.S aggressive containment policy of Russia and China, which is both a consequence of the gradual erosion which represents deep internal and international contradictions as this process, entered its critical point. Therefore, in responding to the dynamic changes in International Relations, Kremlin has proactively proposed the Greater Eurasian Partnership for the international cooperation agenda in order to adopt within Belt and Road Initiative. This research attempts to assess the linking possibility of the Greater Eurasia integrate with the Belt and Road Initiative for improving cooperation in explanatory research that can be one of the major indicator to implement Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping agenda-setting in the Indo-Pacific region. The strategic partnership between the development strategies of Russia and China in bilateral, regional, and global relations lays the foundation of improvement cooperation between a number of countries, regions, and organizations. Thus, for the Eurasian Partnership to succeed in the context of Indo-Pacific development, it must strictly comply to World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and take a tolerant attitude toward the diverse mechanisms for cooperation that various countries and regions have developed through. Keywords: Russia, China, Greater Eurasia, Belt and Road Initiative, Indo-Pacific Region   Abstrak   Sejak 2017 hingga 2018, dunia telah mengalami masa erosi progresif, atau runtuhnya tatanan internasional yang diwarisi dari Perang Dingin. Melalui pemilihan Donald Trump pada tahun 2016 dan peningkatan pesat kebijakan penangkalan agresif Amerika Serikat atas Rusia dan Tiongkok, yang keduanya merupakan konsekuensi dari erosi bertahap yang mewakili kontradiksi internal dan internasional yang mendalam ketika proses ini, memasuki titik kritisnya. Oleh karena itu, dalam menanggapi perubahan dinamis dalam Hubungan Internasional, Kremlin telah secara proaktif mengusulkan Kemitraan Eurasia Besar untuk agenda kerja sama internasional agar dapat diadopsi dalam Belt and Road Initiative. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menilai kemungkinan keterkaitan Eurasia Besar dengan Inisiatif Sabuk dan Jalan untuk meningkatkan kerja sama dalam penelitian penjelas yang dapat menjadi salah satu indikator utama untuk mengimplementasikan Vladimir Putin dan penetapan agenda Xi Jinping di kawasan Indo-Pasifik. Kemitraan strategis antara strategi pembangunan Rusia dan Cina dalam hubungan bilateral, regional, dan global meletakkan fondasi peningkatan kerjasama antara sejumlah negara, wilayah, dan organisasi. Dengan demikian, agar Kemitraan Eurasia berhasil dalam konteks pembangunan Indo-Pasifik, ia harus benar-benar mematuhi aturan Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia (WTO) dan mengambil sikap toleran terhadap beragam mekanisme kerja sama yang telah dikembangkan oleh berbagai negara dan wilayah. Kata-kata kunci: Rusia, Tiongkok, Terbesar Eurasia, Inisiatif Sabuk dan Jalan, kawasan Indo-Pasifik  

The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Grand Diplomacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850015
Author(s):  
Zheng Yongnian ◽  
Zhang Chi
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
National Development ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

On March 28, 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping detailed his vision for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road) when attending the Boao Forum for Asia. After this, China’s National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the “Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road”, a sign that the Belt and Road Initiative promoted by China as a foreign cooperation platform entered its first year of implementation. This vision covers over half of the global population and involves more than 60 countries along the routes, the economic aggregates of which account for about one-third of the world. During 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang paid frequent visits to all continents in an effort to promote the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative. At present, the Belt and Road Initiative has received positive responses from the countries along the routes, and a number of cooperation projects have been underway smoothly. With the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, China is forming a grand diplomatic landscape with “double legs” (a new type of major power relations and the Belt and Road Initiative) and a “single circle” (peripheral diplomacy). The Belt and Road Initiative highlights the spirit of the age, characterized by “peace, mutual respect, openness, and inclusiveness”, and has major international significance in helping China break through the security dilemma among nations, shoulder the responsibilities of a great power, and build China’s soft power in the international arena.

Supercontinent, Neo-Renaissance and Cultural Communications:The Millennium Mindset Transformations Induced by the Belt and Road Initiative

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850009
Author(s):  
Da Hsuan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Belt And Road

In September and October 2013, President Xi Jinping unveiled for the world, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). In this paper, we shall argue and discuss that three major outcomes with global implications and impact can and will result from this initiative. They are the formation of SUPERCONTINENT, the creation of a NEO-RENAISSANCE and China proactively engaging in a hitherto unprecedented CULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS with the outside world. All three are the result of the transformation of a millennium mindset of China and Chinese; without the BRI, they may not happen.

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