Biology of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) and its response to botanicals in stored pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.) grains

Biology of pulse beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus F.) was studied on pigeonpea grains during 2014-15 in laboratory conditions. The adult beetle was oval in shape and reddish-brown in colour, with dark stripes on each side of dorsal abdomen with average fecundity of 74.8±1.8 eggs per female. The average incubation period was 4.2±0.2 days with hatching 98.2±0.3 percent. Average larval-pupal period, oviposition, post-oviposition period, total life period and adult life span were 21.3±0.3, 8.2±0.5, 2.8±0.5, 33.3 ±2.4 and 12.0±2.1 days, respectively. The effect of nine botanicals viz., neem oil, mustard oil, groundnut oil, turmeric powder and their mixture and surface protectants viz., neem seed kernel powder, saw dust, sand, dung cake ash and wheat husk were used on pigeonpea seed against Callosobruchus maculatus. The highest mortality (84-100%) was observed by neem oil @ 10ml/kg and lowest (3.33%) by turmeric powder @ 3.5g/kg seeds, after 135 days of storage. Neem oil @ 10ml/kg was completely inhibited the oviposition, adult emergence and seed damage. All the oils and inert materials prevented egg laying, reduced population build up of beetles and minimized the seed damage as compare to control.

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Effect of some botanicals against pulse beetle, Callosobruchusmaculatus (F.) infesting pigeonpea

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr.v39i6.6647 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Rupesh Sharma ◽

Renu Devi ◽

Sunita Yadav ◽

Ramesh Sharma ◽

Umesh Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Experiment ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Mustard Oil ◽

Neem Oil ◽

Groundnut Oil ◽

Seed Damage ◽

Pulse Beetle

A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of some plant products viz., neem oil, mustard oil, groundnut oil, turmeric powder and their mixture were used as surface protectants for pigeonpea seed against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). The highest mortality (84-100%) was manifested by neem oil @ 10ml/kg among all the treatments and lowest (3.33%) with turmeric powder @ 3.5g/kg seeds, after 135 days of storage. Neem oil @10ml/kg completely inhibited oviposition, adult emergence, seed damage and also not affected seed quality as compare to other treatment. All the oils prevented egg laying, reduced population build up of beetles and minimized the seed damage as compare to control.

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Use of Botanicals for the Management of Pulse Beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus F.) in Lentil

Nepal Agriculture Research Journal ◽

10.3126/narj.v4i0.4860 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 27-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ram B Paneru ◽

Gopal P Shivakoti

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽

Rice Husk Ash ◽

Mustard Oil ◽

Acorus Calamus ◽

Neem Oil ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Research Journal ◽

Pulse Beetle ◽

Sweet Flag

Some plant materials, sweet flag (Acorus calamus), goat weed (Ageratum conyzoids), lantana (Lantana camara), Indian privet (Vitex negundo), mug-wort (Artimisia vulgaris), chinaberry (Melia azederach), rice husk ash, mustard (Brassica spp.) oil and neem (Azadirechta indica) oil were evaluated for their effects against pulse beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus F.). The powder or oil from the above plant materials were thoroughly admixed at the rate of 0.5, 1 and 2% w/w or v/w with lentil grains. Randomly selected 25 pulse beetle adults were exposed to the grains for each concentration of the main treatment. Rhizome powder of sweet flag, rice husk ash and mustard oil showed a significant effect in killing the pulse beetle within a week at 0.5, 1 and 2% concentrations. Neem oil was found very effective with 100% mortality of the beetle within two days. Other tested materials also showed insect killing properties but the effect was comparatively lower than that of sweet flag rhizome powder, mustard oil, neem oil and rice husk ash.Key words: Botanicals; Callosobruchus maculates; Lentil; Pulse beetleDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v4i0.4860Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol. 4&5, 2001/2002Page: 27-30Uploaded date: 8 June, 2011

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Spawning Mode and Reproductive Output of the Tropical Cephalopod Idiosepius pygmaeus

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f93-003 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 20-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Andrew R. Lewis ◽

J. Howard Choat

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Egg Size ◽

Reproductive Output ◽

Reproductive Potential ◽

Adult Life ◽

Somatic Growth ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Adult Life Span ◽

Adult Weight ◽

Food Stress

Reproductive biology of the tropical sepioid cephalopod Idiosepius pygmaeus was investigated in wild specimens and in individuals maintained in aquaria through the adult life span. This species produced multiple egg batches over 80% of the observable adult weight range, indicating a coordination of reproductive and somatic growth. Reproductive output was consistent within, but variable between, individuals. Oocyte synthesis and maturation occur continuously after sexual maturation has been reached. Senescence and death are not related to an exhaustion of reproductive potential. On average, captive female I. pygmaeus with access to unlimited food produced 640 eggs in 11 batches over 18 d. When reproductive output was expressed as a ratio of dry female body weight, on average, specimens had incorporated five times their body weight into eggs and egg coatings. Under food stress, captive specimens laid fewer eggs but maintained egg size and periodicity of egg laying. Food stress had no effect on either laying duration or weight at death. This study provides further evidence that terminal spawning modes are not ubiquitous amongst cephalopods.

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The Effects of Temperature and of Egg-Laying on the Longevity of Drosophila Subobscura

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.35.4.832 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 832-842 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. MAYNARD SMITH

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Survival Time ◽

Sharp Increase ◽

Adult Life ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Drosophila Subobscura ◽

Partial Regression ◽

Adult Life Span ◽

Prolongation Of Life ◽

Effects Of Temperature

1. The adult life span of Drosophila subobscura has been measured at temperatures varying from 20° to 33° C. A sharp increase in the slope of the curve of log survival time against temperature occurs at temperatures above 31° C. 2. Changes which occur in individuals at 33° C. or above are reversible, at least in part, at 20° C.; but changes occurring at 30·5° C. are irreversible in the sense that the total survival time at 30·5° C. is not increased by intervening periods at 20° C. 3. Exposure of young adult flies to 30·5° C. for a period of about half their expectation of life at that temperature significantly increases the further expectation of life of females at 20° C. but does not alter the expectation of life of males. Such exposure causes a partial regression of the ovaries of females, a permanent change in their behaviour and a reduction in their rate of egg-laying; exposure does not alter the behaviour or seriously reduce the fertility of males. 4. ‘Ovariless’ females and virgin females live for significantly longer than do normal mated females. The expectation of life of ‘ovariless’ females at 20° C. is not altered by exposure to 30·5° C. It is concluded that egg-laying accelerates the ageing of females at 20° C., and that the prolongation of life of females exposed to 30·5° C. is due to the reduction in the rate at which such females subsequently lay eggs.

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Effects of Garlic Clove, Neem and Eucalyptus Leaf Extract on Mating Behaviour, Oviposition and Adult Emergence of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus

Progressive Agriculture ◽

10.3329/pa.v18i2.18164 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 93-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Akter ◽

N Nahar ◽

M Rahman

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽

Mating Behaviour ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Mating Frequency ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Mating Duration ◽

Seed Damage ◽

Pulse Beetle

Experiments were conducted in the laboratory to study the effects of garlic clove, neem and eucalyptus leaf extracts on mating behaviour, oviposition and adult emergence of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus. Intensity of seed damage and weight loss of gram seeds were also recorded. The results showed that the mating frequency, mating duration, oviposition, adult emergence of pulse beetle and weight loss of gram seeds were reduced significantly after application of the extracts. Among the extracts, neem leaf extracts showed lowest mating frequency (1), mating duration (3.66 minutes), lowest number of laid eggs (27.33), adult emergence (11.67), seed damage (6.89%) and weight loss (2.53%). On the other hand, garlic clove extract showed highest mating frequency (1.67), mating duration (4.67 minutes), highest number of laid eggs (40.33), adult emergence (18.66), seed damage (9.63%) and weight loss (3.73%). In the same way eucalyptus leaf extract showed 2nd highest mating frequency (1.5), mating duration (4.5 minutes), eggs laid (38.67), adult emergence (15.67), seed damage (9.25) and seed weight loss (3.33%). Considering efficacy of all extracts, it was found that the order of toxicity was neem leaf extract>eucalyptus leaf extract> garlic clove extract.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18164 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 93 - 97, 2007

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