Survey for Yellow Mosaic Disease Occurring on Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] and Weed Hosts in Four Major Blackgram Growing Districts of Andhra Pradesh and Characterization of Associated Viruses using Coat Protein Gene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vallabhaneni Tilak Chowdary ◽  
V. Manoj Kumar ◽  
P. Kishore Varma ◽  
B. Sreekanth ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Weed Hosts

Background: Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) caused by Yellow mosaic virus is one of the major constraints in the pulse production in Andhra Pradesh (A.P.) due to fast evolution of strains, like Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV). Keeping this in view, a survey was undertaken in the major blackgram growing districts of A.P. to know the YMD incidence in blackgram and weed hosts and were characterized based on genetic features by comparing with other YMV isolates from different hosts and locations across the world. Methods: Roving survey was conducted during rabi 2019-20 in major blackgram growing districts of A.P. viz., Krishna, Guntur, West Godavari and Prakasam districts for YMD incidence. Blackgram plants showing characteristic symptoms were collected as representative samples from each mandal along with the suspected weed plants and were subjected to amplification using coat protein (CP) specific primers followed by molecular characterization. Phylogenetic tree for coat protein (CP) gene was constructed using aligned sequences with 1000 bootstrap replicates following neighbor-joining phylogeny. Result: Out of the four districts surveyed, the highest disease incidence was recorded at Machavaram village of Prakasam district (43.22%), whereas least disease incidence was recorded at Chinaganjam village of Praksam district (2.4%). Six weeds viz., Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus viridis, Parthenium hysterophporus, Vigna trilobata, Abelmoscus moschatus, Desmodium laxiflorum have showed positive result in PCR amplification with MYMIV specific coat protein primers. Four isolates from blackgram samples and two from weed plants shared 94.85 to 99.58% nucleotide identity among themselves.

​RCA-based Detection of Begomoviruses in Weed Ggenera Associated with Legumes in Southern Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Pandey ◽  
T.R. Girish ◽  
S. Basavaraj ◽  
A.S. Padmaja ◽  
N. Nagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Legume Crops

Background: Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) caused by begomoviruses transmitted through the insect vector Bemisia tabaci poses a serious threat to the production of legume crops. Methods: Season-long surveys were carried out for YMD occurrence in six different legume crops and associated natural weeds both symptomatic and asymptomatic across the districts of southern Karnataka, India. The samples were analyzed through RCA PCR using specific primer pairs. Result: Up to 94.1 per cent YMD incidence was recorded and nine weed species were commonly found associated with legume crops. The weeds viz., Ageratum conyzoides, Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina benghalensis and Euphorbia geniculata were abundantly found in the surveyed regions. The weeds were both symptomatic and asymptomatic. Rolling circle amplification coupled polymerase chain reaction method was employed to detect yellow mosaic virus in asymptomatic weeds. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of PCR amplified products of weeds and symptomatic legumes revealed a close clustering of the weed samples with horsegram yellow mosaic virus, legume yellow mosaic virus and mungbean yellow mosaic virus. Overall, our data suggests the role of weed species associated with legume crops as alternative/collateral hosts of begomoviruses and their role in the epidemiology of yellow mosaic disease.

scholarly journals Management of Yellow Mosaic Disease of Mungbean Against Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p100
Author(s):  
Md. S. Islam ◽  
Md. B. Hossain ◽  
Saleh A. Shahriar ◽  
Fatema Begum ◽  
Md. N. H. Sani
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus

The prime aim of the study was to manage of Yellow mosaic disease of mungbean against Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) by using one newly release botanical nutrient and through three selected insecticides. BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) released variety BARI mung-5, three insecticides (Imidacloprid, Acmix and Sobicron) and one botanical nutrient PPN (Peak performance nutrients) were used in the experiment. The plants were grown for pulse production and natural inoculums were relied upon for the infection of MYMV. Growth parameters, yield attributes and physiological features were significantly influenced by the application of selected insecticides and PPN combinations. Disease incidence and disease severity of MYMV were significantly varied among the treatments. Application of Imidacloprid with PPN combination gave the lowest disease incidence (3.13, 5.24 and 6.24% per plot and 14.33, 15.49 and 21.87% per plant) at 30, 40 and 50 DAS, respectively while the highest disease incidence (7.77, 13.70 and 19.24% per plot and 39.33, 48.20 and 56.63% per plant) were found in control at 30, 40 and 50 DAS, respectively. Application of Imidacloprid with PPN also gave the lowest disease severity (5.00, 6.00 and 13.33% at 30, 40 and 50 DAS, respectively while the highest disease severity (27.33, 35.00 and 45.00%) at 30, 40 and 50 DAS, respectively were measured in control treatment when no insecticides and PPN was used. If the disease is established once in the field then it is difficult to manage. As the disease is transmitted by vector (whitefly), the growers are suggested to control the vector populations before reaching economic damage and severe disease infection.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Disease and Coat Protein Gene in Mungbean Varieties of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
Sonia Khan Sony ◽  
Rita Sarah Borna
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Sequence Similarities

Mungben yellow mosaic virus (MYMV), a member of the genus begomovirus causing major yield loss of mungbean. Development of MYMV tolerant/resistant varieties using an antiviral strategy may be one of the potential options to overcome MYMV diseases. In the present investigation, molecular identification of yellow mosaic disease and characterization of (MYMV) coat protein (CP) gene was attempted. Yellow mosaic symptomatic samples were identified through PCR using conserved region primers designed after alignment of the available CP sequences in NCBI data base. Sequence analysis of the PCR amplified samples showed 97% sequence similarities with the coat protein gene of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) Bangladesh strain and was designated as MYMIV-BD. This appears to be the first report of the molecular identification of MYMV in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11263Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 73-81, 2012 (June)

​RCA-based Detection of Begomoviruses in Weed Genera Associated with Legumes in Southern Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Pandey ◽  
T.R. Girish ◽  
S. Basavaraj ◽  
A.S. Padmaja ◽  
N. Nagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Legume Crops

Background: Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) caused by begomoviruses transmitted through the insect vector Bemisia tabaci poses a serious threat to the production of legume crops. Methods: Season-long surveys were carried out for YMD occurrence in six different legume crops and associated natural weeds both symptomatic and asymptomatic across the districts of southern Karnataka, India. The samples were analyzed through RCA PCR using specific primer pairs. Result: Up to 94.1 per cent YMD incidence was recorded and nine weed species were commonly found associated with legume crops. The weeds viz., Ageratum conyzoides, Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina benghalensis and Euphorbia geniculata were abundantly found in the surveyed regions. The weeds were both symptomatic and asymptomatic. Rolling circle amplification coupled polymerase chain reaction method was employed to detect yellow mosaic virus in asymptomatic weeds. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of PCR amplified products of weeds and symptomatic legumes revealed a close clustering of the weed samples with horsegram yellow mosaic virus, legume yellow mosaic virus and mungbean yellow mosaic virus. Overall, our data suggests the role of weed species associated with legume crops as alternative/collateral hosts of begomoviruses and their role in the epidemiology of yellow mosaic disease.

scholarly journals Distribution, host range and detection of seed-borne yellow mosaic disease on yardlong beans (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.) in the special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
DEDI MULYADI ◽  
Sri Sulandari ◽  
SEDYO HARTONO ◽  
SUSAMTO SOMOWIYARJO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Special Region

Abstract. Mulyadi D, Sulandari S, Hartono S, Somowiyarjo S. 2021. Distribution, host range and detection of seed-borne yellow mosaic disease on yardlong beans (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.) in the special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3949-3957. Yellow mosaic disease found in legumes is caused by Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV). MYMIV has been reported to cause yellow mosaic infection on yardlong beans (Vigna unguiculata subsp. Sesquipedalis L.) in various regions of Indonesia and has resulted in major yield loss. Symptoms of mosaic and yellowing are found in the leaves and on the pods, which means that the virus may be seed-borne. The purpose of this study was to identify the distribution, host range of pathogens, and to investigate whether yellow mosaic virus was seed-borne or not. Sample collection, disease incidence and severity observations were done at yardlong bean fields in the District of Sleman, Bantul, and Kulon Progo. Samples were tested using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and phylogenetic tree analysis. Host range was tested by inoculating MYMIV using Bemisia tabaci to test plants. Two types of seeds were used in seed-borne tests, i.e. certified commercial seeds and malformed pods from infected plants. Results showed that yellow mosaic virus was found in all observation sites. Highest disease incidence was recorded in Sleman (50%) followed by Kulon Progo (45%) and Bantul (23%). Whereas 45.89%, 41.29% and 39.83%, disease severity was noted in Sleman, Kulon Progo and Bantul, respectively phylogenetic tree analysis showed that isolates used in this study were similar to other Indonesian isolates. Host range test revealed that yardlong beans, mungbeans (Vigna radiata L.), sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), eggplants (Solanum melongena L.), and tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) were infected with MYMIV, showing symptoms of irregular yellow and mosaic spots on plant leaves. Transmission test exhibited that tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.) did not show viral infection. PCR detection proved that MYMIV isolates obtained from Yogyakarta may be transmitted through whole seeds, seed coat, cotyledon, and young leaves from sprouting seeds. Mild mosaic symptoms were appeared after sprouting, and gradually vein clearing was observed at 14 days, mosaic at 21 days, and complete leaf yellowing at 45 days after planting.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization Coat Protein Gene of Tobacco streak virus Causing Peanut Stem Necrosis Disease in Coastal and Rayalaseema Districts of Andhra Pradesh, South-India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saratbabu ◽  
K. Vemana ◽  
A.K. Patibanda ◽  
B. Sreekanth ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cp Gene ◽  
Stem Necrosis

Background: Peanut stem necrosis disease (PSND) caused by Tobacco streak virus (TSV) is a major constraint for groundnut production in Andhra Pradesh (A.P.). However, studies on prevalence and spread of the disease confined to only few districts of A.P. with this background current study focused on incidence and spread of the disease in entire state of A.P. Further an isolate of TSV occurring in A.P. characterized on the basis of genetic features by comparing with other TSV isolates originated from different hosts and locations from world.Methods: Roving survey was conducted during kharif 2017-18 in groundnut growing districts of Andhra Pradesh (A.P.) for peanut stem necrosis disease incidence. Groundnut plants showing PSND symptoms were collected and tested with direct antigen coating enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA). Groundnut samples found positive by ELISA once again tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The representative TSV-GN-INDVP groundnut isolate from Prakasham district was maintained on cowpea seedlings by standard sap inoculation method in glasshouse for further molecular characterization. The Phylogenetic tree for coat protein (CP) gene was constructed using aligned sequences with 1000 bootstrap replicates following neighbor-joining phylogeny.Result: Thirty-eight (52.7%) of seventy-two groundnut samples collected from different locations in A.P were given positive reaction to TSV by DAC-ELISA. For the first time, PSND incidence observed in coastal districts (Krishna, Guntur, Sri Pottisriramulu Nellore, Prakasham) of A.P. Maximum PSND incidence recorded from Bathalapalli (22.2%) and the minimum incidence in Mulakalacheruvu (4.1%). The coat protein (CP) gene of TSV-GN-INDVP groundnut isolate was amplified by RT-PCR and it shared maximum per cent nucleotide identity (97.51-98.62%) with TSV isolates from groundnut and other different crops reported in India. All Indian isolates cluster together irrespective of crop and location based on the phylogenetic analysis.

scholarly journals High-resolution mapping of Rym14Hb, a wild relative resistance gene to barley yellow mosaic disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Pidon ◽  
Neele Wendler ◽  
Antje Habekuβ ◽  
Anja Maasberg ◽  
Brigitte Ruge-Wehling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Barley Breeding

Abstract Key message We mapped the Rym14Hb resistance locus to barley yellow mosaic disease in a 2Mbp interval. The co-segregating markers will be instrumental for marker-assisted selection in barley breeding. Abstract Barley yellow mosaic disease is caused by Barley yellow mosaic virus and Barley mild mosaic virus and leads to severe yield losses in barley (Hordeum vulgare) in Central Europe and East-Asia. Several resistance loci are used in barley breeding. However, cases of resistance-breaking viral strains are known, raising concerns about the durability of those genes. Rym14Hb is a dominant major resistance gene on chromosome 6HS, originating from barley’s secondary genepool wild relative Hordeum bulbosum. As such, the resistance mechanism may represent a case of non-host resistance, which could enhance its durability. A susceptible barley variety and a resistant H. bulbosum introgression line were crossed to produce a large F2 mapping population (n = 7500), to compensate for a ten-fold reduction in recombination rate compared to intraspecific barley crosses. After high-throughput genotyping, the Rym14Hb locus was assigned to a 2Mbp telomeric interval on chromosome 6HS. The co-segregating markers developed in this study can be used for marker-assisted introgression of this locus into barley elite germplasm with a minimum of linkage drag.

Mungbean yellow mosaic India virusis associated with yellow mosaic disease of blackgram (Vigna mungoL.) in Andhra Pradesh, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.V. Bhaskara Reddy ◽  
S. Obaiah ◽  
L. Prasanthi ◽  
Y. Sivaprasad ◽  
A. Sujitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease

Identification of Source of Resistance to Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Disease (HgYMD) in French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arindam Das ◽  
T.S. Aghora ◽  
M. Krishna Reddy ◽  
P. Nandeesha ◽  
R. Venugopalan
Keyword(s):  
Average Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Progress Curve

Background: Horse gram yellow mosaic disease (HgYMD) is one of the major limiting factor for legumes production in India as it can cause economic loss up to 100%. Till date, horse gram yellow mosaic virus was rare to infect french bean, but now-a-days, it has become the major causal agent for yellow mosaic epidemics in the southern part of India. Few bush type varieties, resistant to yellow mosaic disease are released but not specifically resistant to HgYMD. So, systemic breeding work has been initiated to identify the resistant source for HgYMD in french bean. Methods: Seventyone genotypes of french bean were screened in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications under natural epiphytotic as well as artificial condition during Summer, 2018 at ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru, India. Result: The genotypes varied for percent disease index (PDI), area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and the apparent rate of infection per unit time period (r). Two varieties i.e., Jade-5058 and Arka Arjun were showing less PDI of 13.33 and 14.44, least average rate of infection of 0.64 and 0.65 and lowest AUDPC value of 350.54 and 359.16 respectively, compared to other genotypes. Average PDI of Arka Arjun and Jade-5058 were 13.33 and 12.22 under artificial screening, which were much lesser than susceptible check Arka Komal (PDI 92.22) and Arka Anoop (PDI 90.00). Resistant genotypes identified from this experiment can be used for breeding HgYMD resistant french bean lines.

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