Evidence-Based Review of Retinopathy of Prematurity Prevention in VLBW and ELBW Infants

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 393-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
AnnMarie DiBiasie
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Study Results

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) continues to be a significant complication in preterm neonates despite advances in neonatal care. Very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight infants continue to suffer from the sequelae of premature birth, including ROP. Controversy and uncertainty surround prevention of ROP. Possible preventive strategies include the use or restriction of oxygen therapy; steroid therapy; changes in blood transfusion protocols; reduced exposure of the retina to light; and administration of nutritional factors, indomethacin, and D-penicillamine. This article reviews recent studies that have proved or disproved the effectiveness of these preventive measures. It also identifies the implications of the study results for clinical practice and makes recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Primitive Reflexes in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Later Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiyo Nagai ◽  
Kayo Nomura ◽  
Osamu Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Primitive Reflexes ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Background: As early screening and diagnosis is very important in treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder, we investigated the relationship between primitive reflexes and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Methods: Of 88 very low birth weight infants born from April 2010 to March 2012, subjects comprised 38 examined for 18 primitive reflexes between age 38 and 45 wks corrected age and followed-up over 6 yrs. ASD was diagnosed using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition (DSM-5) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition (ADOS-2). We compared the number of abnormal primitive reflexes between two groups (11 children with and 19 without ASD) after excluding eight children with cerebral palsy in this case-control study. Results: The number of abnormal primitive reflexes differed significantly between groups, with hypoactive reflexes markedly higher in the ASD group (p=0.001). Conclusion: The result suggests primitive reflexes can be one of the key elements to identify ASD in low birth weight infants. Abnormal primitive reflexes of low birth weight infants with ASD in very early infancy may inform future research of the pathogenesis of ASD.

scholarly journals Frequency and Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity in Very Low Birth Weight Infants in NICU, BSMMU

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
ANM Nurul Haque Bhuiyan ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
Sanjoy Kumar Dey ◽  
Nuzhat Choudhury ◽  
Md Shameem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Elbw Neonates

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is emerging as an important avoidable cause of childhood blindness both in developed and developing countries that primarily affects premature and very low birth weight infants. There has been paucity of studies on this topic in Bangladesh and there is no national prevalence data on ROP to understand the real burden of the disease. Hence this study has been undertaken to see its frequency and risk factors for ROP in very low weight infants admitted in NICU, BSMMU. Objectives: To find out the frequency and risk factors for ROP in very low birth weight infants admitted in NICU, BSMMU. Methodology: It was a prospective observational study and was carried out in the Department of Neonatology and Department of Ophthalmology, BSMMU from January 2014 to June 2015. Considering all inclusion and exclusion criteria total 162 very low birth weight neonates were enrolled in the study. ROP screening was performed as per unit protocol. All eye examinations were undertaken by experienced ophthalmologist who was especially trained in ROP. Result: Out of 162 study population, one hundred forty fore (88.9%) were very low birth weight, 18(11.1%) were extremely low birth weight and mean birth weight was 1294.35 (SD: 180.96) g. Frequency of ROP was 38(23.5%), where 30(20.83%) among very low birth weight (VLBW) and 8(44.44%) were among ELBW neonates. Out of 38 ROP cases, 5(13%) had stage 1 retinopathy, 3(8%) had stage 2 retinopathy, 16(42.1%) had stage 3 and remaining 14(36.8%) neonates had APROP. On univariate analysis seventeen factors were found to be significant but on stepwise logistic regression analysis only lower gestational age [OR=5.014; CI(95%),2.160-11.640, P=.001] and use of mechanical ventilator [OR=1.925; CI(95%),1.133-3.269, P=.015] was found to be the most significant for causation of ROP. Conclusion: The overall frequency of ROP was 38(23.5%), where as 30(20.83%) were among VLBW and 8(44.44%) were among ELBW neonates. Prevention of prematurity and judicious use of ventilator may reduce the incidence and severity of ROP TAJ 2019; 32(1): 54-61

d-Penicillamine and Retinopathy of Prematurity

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-952
Author(s):  
LAJOS LAKATOS
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Retrolental Fibroplasia ◽  
Clinical Observations

To the Editor.— The letter to the editor by Johnson et al1 and studies by others regarding vitamin E prophylaxis for retinopathy of prematurity suggest that further research into the prevention of retinopathy of prematurity should not be limited to vitamin E. On the basis of clinical observations we reported that d-penicillamine treatment in the neonatal period was associated with a marked decrease in the incidence of severe retrolental fibroplasia among the very low birth weight infants.2

scholarly journals ON THE SUBJECT OF MEDICAL/SOCIAL ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION FOR VERY-LOW-BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
A. V. Migali ◽  
K. A. Kazakova ◽  
Yu. S. Akoyev ◽  
V. M. Studenikin ◽  
M. A. Varichkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Team Care ◽  
Care Approach ◽  
Paroxysmal Disorders

Innovative technologies in the reanimation and intensive therapy permitted to improve the survival of premature infants, including those with extremely low birth weight infants. There are considered various issues of practical medical care for very-low-birth weight infants in the first three years of life. The special attention is given to patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). There is briefly presented the own authors’ experience of the observation for premature infants in conditions of a multidisciplinary team care approach. There were described such important aspects of the mentioned category of patients as neurodietology/nutritional rehabilitation, compliance with aseptic environmental conditions, the correction of visual and hearing impairment, treatment of neurological deficit, especially neuropharmacology, treatment of paroxysmal disorders and epilepsy.

scholarly journals Genetic Variants Associated With Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 6194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Elizabeth Hartnett ◽  
Margaux A. Morrison ◽  
Silvia Smith ◽  
Tammy L. Yanovitch ◽  
Terri L. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants
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