Electrolyte Disturbance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy K. Unwin ◽  
Ashley M. Eaves ◽  
Aubree M. Fairfull
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Disturbance

scholarly journals Is hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy a cause of sustained ventricular arrhythmias in humans?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nadarajah ◽  
P. A. Patel ◽  
M. H. Tayebjee
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Electrocardiographic Monitoring ◽  
Homogenous Distribution ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease

AbstractSudden cardiac death (SCD) is most commonly secondary to sustained ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). This review aimed to evaluate if left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) secondary to systemic hypertension in humans is an isolated risk factor for ventricular arrhythmogenesis. Animal models of hypertensive LVH have shown changes in ion channel function and distribution, gap junction re-distribution and fibrotic deposition. Clinical data has consistently exhibited an increase in prevalence and complexity of non-sustained VAs on electrocardiographic monitoring. However, there is a dearth of trials suggesting progression to sustained VAs and SCD, with extrapolations being confounded by presence of co-existent asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Putatively, this lack of data may be due to the presence of more homogenous distribution of pathophysiological changes seen in those with hypertensive LVH versus known pro-arrhythmic conditions such as HCM and myocardial infarction. The overall impression is that sustained VAs in the context of hypertensive LVH are most likely to be precipitated by other causes such as CAD or electrolyte disturbance.

scholarly journals Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis during bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate: a report of two cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052110244
Author(s):  
Ann Hee You ◽  
Ji Yoo Lee ◽  
Jeong-Hyun Choi ◽  
Mi Kyeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Irrigation Fluid ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis

Compared with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), which requires electrolyte-free irrigation fluid, normal saline can be used as the irrigation solution in bipolar and laser TURP. The risk of TURP syndrome and severe electrolyte disturbance is minimized when normal saline is used as the irrigation fluid. However, the use of isotonic saline also causes acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disturbance. We experienced two patients who developed hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis during bipolar TURP. After proper intervention, hemodynamic instability resolved, and laboratory test results normalized. Anesthesiologists must pay attention to acid-base and electrolyte status when rapid absorption of excessive isotonic solution is suspected, even during bipolar and laser TURP, which use normal saline as the irrigation fluid.

Electrolyte Disturbance in Acute Alcoholism

1959 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELEN EASTMAN MARTIN ◽  
CHARLES MCCUSKEY ◽  
NATALIA TUPIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Acute Alcoholism

Management of regional enteritis

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (23) ◽  
pp. 90-91
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Regional Enteritis ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Blind Loop Syndrome ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Extensive Involvement ◽  
Acute Ileitis ◽  
Disturbance Growth

Regional enteritis (Crohn’s disease) is an uncommon chronic inflammation of unknown cause involving one or more parts of the gut.1–3 The affected parts are often thickened: the mucosa is usually ulcerated and there may be adhesions and fistulae. This can cause diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, pain, and acute and chronic obstruction. Malabsorption occurs in extensive involvement of the small bowel or in the ‘blind loop’ syndrome due to strictures, fistulae or by-pass operations, and in addition protein may be lost in the bowel. The fistulae may occur between loops of bowel, and anal fistulae are common. These disorders can cause malaise, fever, anaemia, weight loss, hypoproteinaemia and electrolyte disturbance. Growth may be arrested. Skin lesions, arthropathy and iritis may develop. The first attack may occur at any age, and the disease usually runs a chronic and unpredictable course. However, acute ileitis, diagnosed surgically, does not usually recur,4–6 and it may be a different condition.6

scholarly journals Gambaran elektrolit serum pada anak dengan diare akut

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin V. Wololi ◽  
Jeanette I.Ch. Manoppo
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Electrolyte ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Normal Serum Sodium

Abstract: Acute diarrhea is defined as the sudden onset of 3 or more loose stools per day and lasts no longer than 14 days; chronic or persistent diarrhea lasts more than 14 days. Loss of fluid in large quantitiy such as diarrhea results in imbalance of fluid and electrolyte. The first influenced electrolytes are sodium and chloride since both are extracellular electrolytes. This study aimed to obtain the profile of serum electrolytes in children with acute diarrhea. Thus was a descriptive retrospective study using medical record data of patients hospitalized in the Paediatrics Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Hospital in the period of January 2015 - December 2015. The results showed that the highest incidence was among males (30 cases; 65.21%). Most cases were aged 1 - < 5 years (23 cases; 50%). Most serum sodium values were in the normal range (36 cases; 78.26%). Most cases had diarrhea without dehydration and had normal serum sodium (20 cases; 43.47%). Most cases had normal serum potassium levels (33 cases; 71.73%). Most inpatients were without dehydration (17 cases; 36.95%). Most cases had normal serum electrolyte levels (39 cases; 84.78%). Most of the diarrhea without dehydration ( 21 cases; 45.65%). Diarrhea was most often in those who were formula-fed (29 cases; 63.04%). Keywords: acute diarrhea, dehydration, electrolyte disturbance Abstrak: Diare akut didefinisikan sebagai onset mendadak 3 atau lebih mencret per hari dan berlangsung tidak lebih dari 14 hari sedangkan diare kronis atau persisten berlangsung lebih dari 14 hari. Bila terjadi kehilangan cairan dalam jumlah banyak secara terus menerus seperti pada diare maka keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit dalam tubuh tidak dapat dipertahankan. Elektrolit yang pertama terpengaruh ialah natrium dan klorida karena keduanya merupakan elektrolit ekstrasel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran elektrolit serum pada anak dengan diare akut. Jenis penelitian retrospektif deskriptif menggunakan data rekam medik pasien rawat inap di Bagian Pediatri RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2015 - Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa insiden tertinggi pada laki-laki sebanyak 30 kasus (65,21%). Usia terbanyak antara 1 tahun - < 5 tahun yaitu 23 kasus (50%). Nilai natrium serum paling banyak pada kisaran normal yaitu 36 kasus (78,26%), paling banyak didapatkan pada penderita tanpa dehidrasi dengan natrium serum normal 20 kasus (43,47%). Kadar kalium serum normal secara keseluruhan berjumlah 33 kasus (71,73%), paling banyak pada penderita tanpa dehidrasi yaitu 17 kasus (36,95%). Kadar serum paling banyak pada kisaran normal yaitu 39 kasus (84,78%), dan paling banyak pada penderita tanpa dehidrasi yaitu 21 kasus (45,65%). Diare paling banyak pada yang diberi susu formula sebanyak 29 kasus (63,04 %).Kata kunci: diare akut, dehidrasi, gangguan elektrolit

scholarly journals Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of Symptomatic Rathke Cleft Cysts: Total Resection or Partial Resection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiejun Zhang ◽  
Jihu Yang ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Yufei Liu ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Wall ◽  
Partial Resection ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Endoscopic Endonasal ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

Objective: Rathke cleft cysts (RCC) are benign sellar lesions, and endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for symptomatic RCC is becoming increasingly popular, but total resection or partial resection (TR or PR) of the cyst wall is still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to review the complications and clinical prognoses associated with total and partial resection of the cyst wall by EES.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a series of 72 patients with symptomatic RCC treated by EES from -January 2011 to June 2019 at Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital. For these 72 cases, 30 were treated with TR and 42 were treated with PR. Intra- and post-operative complications and clinical prognosis were investigated.Results: All 72 patients underwent a pure EES. In the TR group, 10 patients (33.3%) had intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage (CSF leak), three patients (10%) had postoperative CSF leak, eight patients (26.7%) had postoperative diabetes insipidus (DI), eight patients (26.7%) had postoperative electrolyte disturbance, and 12 patients (40%) had temporary hypopituitarism postoperatively. While in the PR group, three patients (7.1%) had intraoperative CSF leak, two patients (4.8%) had postoperative DI, three patients (7.1%) had postoperative electrolyte disturbance, four patients (9.5%) had temporary hypopituitarism postoperatively, and no cases experienced postoperative CSF leak. The intra- and post-operative complications were significantly higher in TR group then PR group (P IntraoperativeCSFleak = 0.004, P Post−operativeCSFleak =0.036, P TransientDI = 0.008, P Temporaryhypopituitarism = 0.002, P Permanenthypopituitarism = 0.036, P Electrolytedisturbance = 0.023). No significant differences in post-operative improvement and recurrence.Conclusions: EES is a safe and effective approach for the treatment of symptomatic RCC. Complete sucking out the cyst contents and partial resection of the cyst wall may be sufficient for treatment, and total resection of the cyst wall is associated with a higher incidence of complications.

scholarly journals Analysis of drug related electrolyte disturbances in emergency medicine department

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Karan B. Shah ◽  
Sapna D. Gupta ◽  
Devang A. Rana ◽  
Supriya D. Malhotra ◽  
Pankaj R. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Emergency Medicine Department

Background: Electrolytes play an important role in various physiological functions of the body. Electrolyte disturbances are one of the most common problems encountered in critically ill patients. Drugs are also known to cause adverse electrolyte consequences. These drugs could be anti-hypertensive agents, hormones, antipsychotics or steroids. There is paucity of published literature on electrolyte disturbances caused by drugs. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the electrolyte disturbances caused by various drugs in critically ill patients.Methods: Following approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee, data collection was started. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) presenting as an electrolyte disturbance in emergency medicine department or occurring in hospitalized patients in the Intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital was be collected. ADRs resulting into electrolyte disturbances were identified and analysed in detail for demographic details, types of electrolyte disturbances, seriousness, severity, causality and preventability of ADRs. Fisher's exact test was done to find out the statistical difference between the electrolyte disturbances and different drugs.Results: Total 58 ADRs were reported as an electrolyte disturbance. Mean age of the patients affected was 52.48 years. Highest number of ADRs were observed in the age group of 61 to 70 years. Hypokalemia constituted 32 cases (55.2%) followed by hyponatremia (25.9%), hyperkalemia (6.9%), hypernatremia (6.9%), hypocalcemia (1.7%), hypomagnesemia (1.7%) and hypophosphatemia (1.7%). Insulin was associated with maximum cases of ADRs (27.6%).Conclusions: Electrolyte disturbances constitutes a major chunk of ADRs especially in critically ill patients. The physicians must be well-versed with the dynamics of fluid-electrolyte balance.

scholarly journals VIPoma: an unusual cause of electrolyte disturbance

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Boj-Carceller ◽  
Diego Alvarez-Ballano ◽  
Maria Eugenia Lopez-Valverde ◽  
Leticia Perez-Fernandez ◽  
Beatriz Lardies-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Disturbance
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