RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS AND HEALTH STATUS IN HARBOR PORPOISES (PHOCOENA PHOCOENA) STRANDED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Jepson ◽  
Peter M. Bennett ◽  
Robert Deaville ◽  
Colin R. Allchin ◽  
John R. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Harbor Porpoises

Health status of children aged 8-18 years with 21-hydroxylase deficiency in the United Kingdom: results of a multi-centre cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina-Alexandra Bacila ◽  
Sundus Mahdi ◽  
Carlo L Acerini ◽  
Ruth Krone ◽  
Leena Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency

scholarly journals Intrinsic Human Elimination Half-Lives of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Derived from the Temporal Evolution of Cross-Sectional Biomonitoring Data from the United Kingdom

2011 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Ritter ◽  
Martin Scheringer ◽  
Matthew MacLeod ◽  
Claudia Moeckel ◽  
Kevin C. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Elimination Half

Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Are Still Associated with Toxic Effects in Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Despite Having Fallen below Proposed Toxicity Thresholds

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 2277-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie Williams ◽  
Mariel ten Doeschate ◽  
David J. Curnick ◽  
Andrew Brownlow ◽  
Jonathan L. Barber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
Harbor Porpoises

Polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded on the Dutch coast between 1990 and 1993

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. van Scheppingen ◽  
A. J. I. M. Verhoeven ◽  
P. Mulder ◽  
M. J. Addink ◽  
C. Smeenk
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
Dutch Coast ◽  
Harbor Porpoises

scholarly journals Health Status of Children and Young Persons With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in the United Kingdom: Results of a Multi-Center Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A717-A717
Author(s):  
Irina-Alexandra Bacila ◽  
Neil Lawrence ◽  
Sundus Mahdi ◽  
Sabah Alvi ◽  
Timothy Cheetham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency

Abstract Introduction: The association between congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and increased morbidity and mortality in adult life has been well established, however, limited knowledge exists regarding the onset of co-morbidities during childhood. Objective: To establish the health status of children and young persons (CYP) with CAH in the United Kingdom. Methods: This cross-sectional multi-center study involved 14 tertiary endocrine units across the United Kingdom. We recruited 107 patients aged 8-18 years with 21-hydroxylase deficiency and 83 matched controls. We collected and analyzed demographic, clinical, and metabolic data, as well as psychological questionnaires (Strengths and Difficulties [SDQ], Paediatric Quality of Life [PedsQL]and Self-Image Profile [SIP]). Results: The majority of patients (62.2%) were diagnosed within the first month of life, most commonly presenting with ambiguous genitalia (32.7%) or salt losing crisis (25.2%). After diagnosis, 37.3% of patients required admission for adrenal crisis, 11.2% presenting three or more episodes. Of the female patients, 57.6% had undergone urogenital examination under anesthesia and 35.5% had genital surgery. Most CAH patients received glucocorticoid (GC) replacement therapy with hydrocortisone (HC) (94.3%) and the rest with prednisolone, with a mean for relative GC doses of 13.3 (±3.7) mg/m2 per day HC-equivalent. 76.6% of patients received treatment with fludrocortisone, with a mean dose of 105.0 (±50.2) µg/m2 per day. Comparing height-Standard Deviation Score (SDS), patients under 12 years were taller (p=0.011) and patients aged 12-18 years shorter (p=0.031) than controls. Bone age was advanced in patients, with a mean difference from the chronological age of 1.9 (±2.2) years. CAH patients were more frequently overweight (26.4%) or obese (22.6%) compared to controls (10.8% and 10.8% respectively, p<0.001). Five patients had high blood pressure. A small number of patients had abnormal lipid profiles: raised total cholesterol (7%), low HDL (13%), raised LDL (4%) and triglycerides (15%). Insulin resistance as defined by HOMA-IR was found in 53.8% of patients with CAH, which was comparable to healthy controls (56.3%). 15.8% of patients had SDQ scores within the “high” and “very high” categories of concern. In the PedsQL questionnaires, ‘school functioning’ was the lowest scoring dimension with a median (IQR) of 70 (55 - 80), followed by ‘emotional functioning’ with a median score of 75 (65 - 85). The SIP scores were comparable to normative values, for all age and gender groups. Conclusion: Children with CAH have increased prevalence of growth and weight gain problems, metabolic co-morbidities, as well as reduced quality of life and mental wellbeing. There is a pressing need to optimize management and monitoring strategies in CYP with CAH order to improve long-term health outcomes.

scholarly journals Challenges in the Assessment of Bycatch: Postmortem Findings in Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Retrieved From Gillnets

2020 ◽  
pp. 030098582097245
Author(s):  
Lonneke L. IJsseldijk ◽  
Meike Scheidat ◽  
Marije L. Siemensma ◽  
Bram Couperus ◽  
Mardik F. Leopold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Nutritional Condition ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Harbor Porpoises

Bycatch is considered one of the most significant threats affecting cetaceans worldwide. In the North Sea, bottom-set gillnets are a specific risk for harbor porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena). Methods to estimate bycatch rates include on-board observers, remote electronic monitoring, and fishermen voluntarily reporting; none of these are systematically conducted. Additionally, necropsies of stranded animals can provide insights into bycatch occurrence and health status of individuals. There are, however, uncertainties when it comes to the assessment of bycatch in stranded animals, mainly due to the lack of diagnostic tools specific for underwater entrapment. We conducted a literature review to establish criteria that aid in the assessment of bycatch in small cetaceans, and we tested which of these criteria applied to harbor porpoises retrieved from gillnets in the Netherlands ( n = 12). Twenty-five criteria were gathered from literature. Of these, “superficial incisions,” “encircling imprints,” and “recent ingestion of prey” were observed in the vast majority of our confirmed bycatch cases. Criteria like “pulmonary edema,” “pulmonary emphysema,” and “organ congestion” were also frequently observed, although considered unspecific as an indicator of bycatch. Notably, previously mentioned criteria as “favorable health status,” “absence of disease,” or “good nutritional condition” did not apply to the majority of our bycaught porpoises. This may reflect an overall reduced fitness of harbor porpoises inhabiting the southern North Sea or a higher chance of a debilitated porpoise being bycaught, and could result in an underestimation of bycatch rates when assessing stranded animals.

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