Measuring adult insect emergence from streams: the influence of trap placement and a comparison with benthic sampling

Relative 13C concentrations were found to be significantly different among the three primary organic carbon sources for aquatic insect production within Findley Lake, Washington, USA. These three carbon sources were conifer tree detritus (mean δ18C = −27.3 per mil), periphyton (−34.6 per mil), and plankton (−45.9 per mil). Correspondingly, the δ18C of the adults of assumed autochthonous carbon feeders, Paraleptophlebia sp. (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and Chaoborus trivittatus (Diptera: Chaoboridae), well approximated the δ13C of periphyton and plankton, respectively. The remainder of the adult insect emergence, mostly Limnelphilidae and Chironomidae, exhibited δ13C values intermediate between the terrestrial and periphyton carbon. Approximately 38% of the 51 kg C of insect biomass annually emerging from this lake was conservatively estimated to originate from terrestrial plant sources.Key words: carbon-13, carbon pathways, lake, aquatic insects, feeding ecology, insect emergence, terrestrial detritus

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EMERGENCE RATE OF THE MEXICAN BEAN WEEVIL IN VARIETIES OF BEANS FROM THE SOUTHWESTERN AMAZON

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n428rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 1048-1053

Author(s):

Lucas Martins Lopes ◽

Josiane Moura do Nascimento ◽

Vanderley Borges Dos Santos ◽

Lêda Rita Dantonino Faroni ◽

Adalberto Hipólito de Sousa

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Common Beans ◽

Insect Development ◽

Bean Weevil ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Insect Emergence ◽

Emergence Period ◽

Plant Variety ◽

Adult Insect ◽

Emergence Rate

ABSTRACT Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are one of the most important protein sources worldwide. However, infestation by bruchids compromises the storage of these beans after harvest. The objective of this study was to determine the emergence rate of Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in four P. vulgaris varieties (Carioca Pitoco, Enxofre, Gorgutuba Vermelho, and Rosinha) cultivated in the southwestern Amazon (State of Acre, Brazil). The grains from each variety were infested with 50 non-sexed adult Z. subfasciatus, and the insects were collected 13 days after initiating the bioassays. The adult progeny was collected from each plant variety on alternate days from the beginning to the end of the emergence period, and they were counted (number of insects/jar). The sum of emerged insects per day (SEd) was determined from the beginning of the emergence period, from which the accumulated emergence was calculated (SEa= ΣSEd, % day). There were differences in the emergence rates of Z. subfasciatus among the bean varieties, with the rates being lower in the Gorgutuba Vermelho variety. Although this bean variety had the lowest peak of adult insect emergence, the period of insect development was not of increased length in this variety compared to the other varieties. In general, the Gorgutuba Vermelho variety appears to be resistant to Z. subfasciatus.

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Macroinvertebrate Drift, Adult Insect Emergence and Oviposition

Methods in Stream Ecology, Volume 1 ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-416558-8.00021-4 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 435-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Colden V. Baxter ◽

Theodore A. Kennedy ◽

Scott W. Miller ◽

Jeffrey D. Muehlbauer ◽

Leonard A. Smock

Keyword(s):

Insect Emergence ◽

Adult Insect ◽

Macroinvertebrate Drift

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Asosiasi Lalat Buah (Bactrocera spp.) (Diptera : Tephritidae) dan Parasitoidnya pada Tanaman Jambu Biji Kristal (Psidium guajava L.) yang Dibudidayakan di Bali

Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science ◽

10.24843/ajoas.2019.v09.i02.p01 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

I WAYAN DEDI ADNYANA ◽

NI NENGAH DARMIATI ◽

DWI WIDANINGSIH

Keyword(s):

Psidium Guajava ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Insect Emergence ◽

Fopius Arisanus ◽

Adult Insect

Association of Fruit Flies (Bactrocera spp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Their Parasitoid on Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Cultivated in Bali. The study on the association of fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoid on guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivated in Bali was conduted in order to know the abundance, attacks percentage and the species of parasitoid associated on guava, cultivated in Bali. The sampling was done intentionally by taking attacked fruit in Musi Village, Buleleng Regency; Pelaga Village, Badung Regency; and Tiga Village, Bangli Regency. The results showed that 3 species of fruit flies were found, namely B. carambolae, B. papayae and B. albistrigata. The percentage and number of adult insect emergence in Musi Village were B. papayae (50.87% ; 2772 imago), B. carambolae (35.18% ; 1803 imago) and B. albistrigata (13.94% ; 741 imago). In Pelaga Village B. carambolae (61.31% ; 2864 imago) dominates and B. papayae only 38.69% and 1801 imago. B. carambolae is also found dominant in Tiga Village (59.08% ; 2303 imago) and B. papayae only 40.92% and 1603 imago. Percentage of damage to guava is 24.27% on average. There are three species of parasitoids found that are associated with fruit flies on guava in Bali, namely Fopius arisanus, Diachasmimorpha sp. and Opius sp. The average parasitic rate is 6.76%. The highest parasitic rate is in Musi Village, Buleleng while the lowest is in Tiga Village, Bangli.

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Monitoring Exotic Beetles with Inexpensive Attractants: A Case Study

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12050462 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 462

Author(s):

Enrico Ruzzier ◽

Andrea Galli ◽

Luciano Bani

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Large Scale ◽

Red Wine ◽

Forest Type ◽

Popillia Japonica ◽

Complex Activity ◽

Local Fauna ◽

Apple Cider ◽

Trap Placement

Detecting and monitoring exotic and invasive Coleoptera is a complex activity to implement, and citizen science projects can provide significant contributions to such plans. Bottle traps are successfully used in wildlife surveys and can also be adapted for monitoring alien species; however, a sustainable, large scale trapping plan must take into account the collateral catches of native species and thus minimize its impact on local fauna. In the present paper, we tested the use of bottles baited with standard food products that can be purchased in every supermarket and immediately used (apple cider vinegar, red wine, and 80% ethyl alcohol) in capturing exotic and invasive beetles in the area surrounding Malpensa Airport (Italy). In particular, we reduced the exposition type of the traps in each sampling round to three days in order to minimize native species collecting. We found a significant effect of the environmental covariates (trap placement, temperature, humidity, and forest type) in affecting the efficiency in catching target beetles. Nearly all invasive Nitidulidae and Scarabaeidae known to be present in the area were captured in the traps, with apple cider vinegar usually being the most effective attractant, especially for the invasive Popillia japonica.

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CONTROLLING SUFETULA SPP.: A COCONUT INSECT PEST ON PEAT SOILS

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479707005017 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 289-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

X. BONNEAU ◽

M. HUSNI ◽

L. BEAUDOIN-OLLIVIER ◽

JOKO SUSILO

Keyword(s):

Insect Pest ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Cultural Control ◽

Control Measures ◽

Control Methods ◽

Peat Soils ◽

Depressive Effect ◽

Moss Cover ◽

Adult Insect ◽

The Impact

We demonstrated experimentally that Sufetula, a root-mining insect, has a depressive effect on coconut yields on peat soils. The impact of the pest resulted in a shortfall in earnings that warranted taking control measures. We considered control methods suitable for rehabilitating infested mature coconut plantings and for preserving young coconut plantings. Currently, cultural control is the only effective method. It involves eliminating all identified shelters for the adult insect, i.e. fern cover and heaps of coconut waste (dry fronds and husks). The aim is to achieve totally bare soil, with moss cover that does not attract the pest, or planted with an unattractive intercrop such as pineapple.

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Longitudinal and seasonal pattern of insect emergence in alpine streams

Aquatic Ecology ◽

10.1007/s10452-004-2969-6 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 67-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Leopold Füreder ◽

Manfred Wallinger ◽

Rainer Burger

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Insect Emergence ◽

Alpine Streams

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Ambient light intensity and direction determine relative attractiveness of yellow traps toRhagoletis indifferens(Diptera: Tephritidae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2015.6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 147 (6) ◽

pp. 776-786 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

W.L. Yee

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Ambient Light ◽

Laboratory Results ◽

Yellow Traps ◽

Relative Attractiveness ◽

Variable Light ◽

Sunlight Intensity ◽

Trap Placement ◽

Tephritid Fruit Flies

AbstractUnderstanding factors that influence attraction of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) to objects can lead to development of more sensitive traps for fly detection. Here, the objective was to determine if differences in attractiveness between two sticky yellow rectangle traps to western cherry fruit fly,Rhagoletis indifferensCurran, depend on ambient light intensity and direction. The translucent plastic Yellow Sticky Strip (YSS) was compared with the less translucent yellow cardboard Alpha Scents (AS). Flies were released inside a box or cage opposite a trap or traps illuminated from outside at different intensities to generate variable light passage. Regardless of type, the trap with greatest light passage was most attractive. When the same light intensity was shone on both traps, the YSS, which allowed greater light passage, was more attractive than the AS. When the light was inside a cage and shone onto the two traps in the same direction as approaching flies, the AS reflected more light and was more attractive. A field experiment generally supported light passage effects seen in the laboratory. Results suggest trap placement with respect to sunlight intensity and direction affects light passage and the attractiveness of yellow traps toR. indifferens.

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